Asters okungapheli

I-asters, njenge-chrysanthemums, ihlobisa ngokuphelele ingadi ekwindla, nayo ibizwa ngokuthi "izinkanyezi eziwa phansi". Ziyingxenye yezitshalo ezingapheli, kuye ngokuthi ezihlukahlukene, izinkanyezi ziyakhula ukusuka ku-30 ​​cm kuya ku-2 m ukuphakama futhi zenze izimbali ezinemibala eminingi kungekhona nje ngesimo esilula, kodwa futhi i-semi-double noma kabili 2-8 cm ububanzi. Zibuye zihluke ngokwesikhathi sokuqhakaza: ekuqaleni - ngoJuni, ehlobo - ngoJulayi - Agasti nasekupheleni kukaSepthemba - Okthoba. Ukusebenzisa ukutshala ezihlukahlukene zamaqembu onke, ungathola ama-asters aqhubekayo endiza ensimini yakho kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze kuphakathi kwekwindla.

Nakuba i-aster iyimvelo futhi ibhekwa njengesitshalo esingenakuzithoba, kodwa ukwazi izici zokulima kwayo, ungafinyelela izimbali eziningi kakhulu.

Izinkanyezi ezingapheli: ukutshala nokunakekelwa

1. Indawo . Lesi isitshalo esithande kakhulu, ngakho ukuhlakulela kwe-asters okungapheli kungcono kakhulu okwenziwe kahle ezindaweni ezikhanyayo zelanga. Akunconywa ukutshala abakwa-asters kusayithi emva kwe-tulips, i-gladioli nama-clove, kodwa kungenzeka ngemuva kwe-calendula namathegi.
2. Umhlaba . Zakhula kahle emhlabathini we-loamy, we-asidi-hlangothi, ocebile ama-humus, ngoba adinga ukuba khona kwezakhi nezakhi zamaminerali.
3. Ukufika . Kuxhomeke ezinhlobonhlobo nezinhlobo ezikhomba ibanga lokutshala ama-asters: amamaki aphansi - 30-50 cm, medium - 50 - 80 cm, nokude nokusabalalisa - 70 - 90cm. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu lapho ungahlwanyela khona isikhathi esingaphansi kwezimbali ze-asters i-autumn, futhi i-spring-flowering - spring.
4. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo . I-Rhizome i-asters ehlala isikhathi eside ikhula ngokushesha, ngakho idinga ukufakelwa eminyakeni engama-4-5. I-asters yokutshala izitshalo zenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokufika.
5. Ukunakekela . Lezi izitshalo ezingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke zanele ukumanzi njalo ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukhulule ungqimba oluphezulu lweposi, ukuze lungagcini ifomu, futhi, nhlobo, ususe ukhula phakathi kwehlathi.
6. Ukunisela . I-asters inesidingo esikhulu kakhulu samanzi ngenkathi yesomiso kanye nokwanda okukhulayo ebusweni obuhlaza obusika, ngezinye izikhathi ukuchelela izihlahla kufanele kube njengokomiswa kwemeyili.
7. Ukugqoka okuphezulu . Hamba uphendule ekusetshenzisweni kwamafelemisi ngezikhathi ezahlukene zokukhula: entwasahlobo - ephilayo enezinhlamvu eziyimpoqo, ekwakheni amafihlethi - i-phosphoric-potassium noma i-stimulator "Energen", ngaphambi kokutshala izimbali - umanyolo wezitshalo zezimbali, nasekwindla - potassium ne-calcium, noma usebenzise umlotha .

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-asters okungapheli

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-asters kungenziwa yizimbewu (kungenziwa kuphela ngabakhiqizi), ama-cuttings kanye nokwahlukana kwamahlathi. Kodwa kufanele sazi ukuthi izici ezihlukahlukene (umbala, uhlobo lwezimbali) zigcinwa kuphela lapho i-rhizome ihlukaniswe.

Ukuze isakazwe nge-cuttings, amahlumela amancane avela emaphandleni entwasahlobo nasehlobo. Iziqongo ezinqunywe ngokushesha zithatha izimpande futhi zingahlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kakade ekwindla noma ekudubula konke okukhulile ekuqaleni kwehlobo, ukuhlinzeka ngenani elanele lomswakama.

Kulula kakhulu ukwanda ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-rhizome yesihlahla esikhulu, esingasahlukana ngisho ngezandla, into eyinhloko ukushiya okungenani izinso ezilodwa kanye nezimpande eziningana. Izingcezu ezincane kakhulu zama-rhizomes kufanele zitshalwe kuqala, futhi ngemva nje konyaka zitshalwe endaweni enomphela. Izinhlobo ze-aster yesikhathi eside ezincane zezimbali zakuqala, ezifana ne-Alpine ne-Italy, zisakazwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ngemuva kokubhakabhaka, ekwindla, nasezinhlobonhlobo eziqhakaza ekwindla, kuphela entwasahlobo.

Izinkanyezi ezingapheli: izinkinga nezifo

Izitshalo ezitshalwe kule penumbra noma emthunzini zivame ukutholakala nesifo esinjalo njenge- powdery mildew . Ukuvimbela lesi sifo, ngaphambi kwenqubo yezimbali esihlahleni esinezidakamizwa "I-Topaz" izikhathi ezingu-2, futhi emva kokuqhakaza - ngesisombululo sophethiloli sulfate, ihlanza ngamalitha angu-50 amanzi 50 g wezidakamizwa.

Inkinga ejwayelekile kunazo zonke zezinkanyezi ezihlala isikhathi eside yi-yellowing yabo ngesikhathi senziwe nge-bud bud, ehambisana ne-fungal disease fusariosis. Endabeni yokulwa nalo, tshala ukutshalaza ngesisombululo sosizo lweBaikal EM-1.

Ukutshala izinkanyezi ezingapheli emasimini abo angaphambili, uzohlinzeka insimu yakho iminyaka emihlanu ngezimbali ezinhle kakhulu ezidinga ukuzinakekelwa okukhethekile.