Izinkuni nemifino yotshani ngumanyolo wemvelo onempumelelo oqukethe i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium nezinye izinto ezimbiwe ezidingekayo zezitshalo. Ukwakhiwa komlotha kuhlukile kuye ngokuthi izitshalo ezisetshenzisiwe. Iningi le-potassium (kufinyelela ku-35%) litholakala emlotsheni we-sunflower neziqu kanye nobuncane bokunhlamvu, okungenani (kuze kufinyelele ku-2%) - emlilweni we-peat no-shale. Gcina umlotha endaweni eyomile, ngoba umswakama ubangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-potassium. Abasimili basebenzisa umlotha njengomanyolo futhi njengendlela yokulwa nezinambuzane nezifo.
Ukusetshenziswa komlotha njengomanyolo
Umlotha wezitshalo usebenza kanjani? Umlotha uthele futhi wenze inhlabathi ibe yi-alkaline engaphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwalo engadini kuthuthukisa ukumelana nezifo nokusinda kwezitshalo.
Kunezindlela ezimbili indlela yokutshala ngomlotha:
- Thela umlotha owomile emgodini ojikeleze umqhele womqhele ojulile ka-10-15 cm bese ugcwalisa ngokushesha umhlaba. Ukuze umuthi omdala usebenzise cishe u-2 kg umlotha, futhi ngaphansi kwesihlahla somnyama esikhulayo - izinkomishi ezintathu zomlotha.
- Yenza isixazululo somlotha futhi, ngokuxuba njalo, uthele emanzini bese ugcwalisa ngokushesha umhlabathi. Ukuze uketshe umlotha ebhakede lamanzi udinga 100-150 g. Ngokuba utamatisi, ukhukhamba, iklabishi, ukugcoba ngomlotha yi-0.5 amalitha esisombululo ngasinye.
Ukusebenzisa umlotha ngesikhathi futhi kanjani?
Ukuze usebenzise kalula, udinga ukwazi: 1 tbsp. I-spoon iqukethe u-6 g we-ash, ingilazi ekhanda - 100 g, ibhodlela elilodwa - 500 g.
Lapho utshala izithombo zamakhukhamba, u-squash, abathintekayo, kwanele ukwengeza u-1-2 st. izinkezo zomlotha, kanye namahlumela we-pepper elimnandi, iklabishi, ama-aubergine no-utamatisi axubana nenhlabathi 3 tbsp. spoon ash emgodini.
Ukuze uthuthukise isakhiwo nokukhulelwa kwenhlabathi ekwindla ngenkathi kubamba kungasiza ukwenza umlotha odakeni kanye nenhlabathi enomhlabathi we-100-200 g ngehora le-1 m2. Ukusetshenziswa komlotha kuveza kahle isivuno seminyaka engama-4.
I-ash ash ichitheka kahle ngaphansi kwezitshalo ezithinta kabi i-chlorine: ama-strawberries, ama-raspberries, ama-currants, amazambane, isilinganiso se-application - 100-150 g ngalinye elilodwa le-m2. Ukusetshenziswa kuka-800 g lomlotha nge-10 m2 ngokutshala kwamazambane, kwandisa isivuno ngo-15-30 kg kusuka kukhulu.
Lapho ukufakelwa kwezitshalo zangaphakathi, engeza 2 tbsp. Amapuni omlotha ngamalitha angu-1 enhlabathi ye-cyclamens, geraniums kanye ne-fuchsias.
Umlotha akufanele usetshenziswe:
- njengomanyolo emhlabathini we-alkali;
- ngaphansi kwe-azaleas, i-camellias, i-rhododendrons, ama-blueberries, ama-cranberries, izimbongolo, njll;
- kanyekanye ne-nitrogen fertilizer (umquba, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, urea);
- kusuka ezinhlakalweni, izinkuni eziqoshiwe, amaphephandaba namamagazini, njengoba aqukethe amakhemikhali nezinsimbi ezinzima.
Umlotha wokulawula izinambuzane kanye nezifo
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokusebenzisa umlotha ngalezi zinhloso:
- ukuthuthumela;
- sishaye.
Izitshalo ziyimpuphu nomlotha owomile ekuseni, ngamazolo, noma ngokufafaza ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Kuwusizo uthuli umlotha wezitshalo, ngoba:
- kududuza ama-slugs kanye nemisinki;
- ivikela ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa ama-strawberry amajikijolo kusuka ku- gray gray ;
- kuholele ekufeni kwezibungu zeBetleon beetle izinsuku ezimbili;
- ududuza i-fleas cruciferous futhi ivikela iklabishi ezifweni ze-keel nomlenze omnyama.
Isisombululo sokuluthisa umlotha sisiza ama-aphid, amazolo e-powdery currant, ukhukhamba, i-gooseberries, i-sawfly enamaqabunga e-cherry nezinye izinambuzane nezifo. Futhi isetshenziselwa ukufafaza ukumnika komlotha.
Ukulungiselela isisombululo somlotha: Thela amanzi abilisiwe ngaphezu kuka-300 g womlotha osiziwe bese ubilisa imizuzu engu-20-30. Bese uvumela umhluzi ume, ukhiphe, uphuze amanzi ngamalitha angu-10 bese ufaka 40-50 g isepha. Ukucubungula ngesisombululo esinjalo sesitshalo kungaba izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga.
Uma usebenza ngomlotha, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ngamehlo nokuvikelwa kokuphefumula. Ngenxa yokuthi umlotha ungumanyolo wendawo yonke futhi ongenabungozi, abalimi bavame ukuwusebenzisa kumasayithi abo.