- Indawo: 1200 km enyakatho yedolobha lasePerth
- Ubude: 260-300 km
I-Indian Ocean phakathi kwabakhileyo abaningi bahlotshaniswa eduze neziqhingi zesundu, isogu esishisayo sase-Afrika naseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kodwa ungakhohlwa ngezwekazi elithakazelisayo elinjenge- Australia , ingxenye yalo ebuye yahlanjululwa ngamanzi afudumele. Kunezindawo eziningi zokubhuka, amabhishi akhululekile nezikhangayo zemvelo. Siphakamisa ukuthi sijwayelane nomfula omuhle we-Ningal.
Igama lomsindo i-Ningalu lingokweziko ezinkulu ze-coral, eliseduze kolwandle olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Australia e-Indian Ocean eduze kwase-Exmouth Bay. Ibanga lomkhumbi edolobheni eliseduzane lasePerth lingamakhilomitha angu-1200. I-Ningalu ibhekwa ngokusemthethweni njengenhlabathi enkulu kunazo zonke ezisogwini lwase-Australia kanye nenhlabathi enkulu kakhulu eseduze nogwini: ubude bayo cishe ngamakhilomitha angu-260-300. I-reef ngokwayo ijikeleza futhi ilula eduze neNorth West-West Peninsula eqhele ngamamitha ayi-100 kuya kumakhilomitha angu-7.
Kuyini okuthakazelisayo nge-Ningaloo Reef?
Igama le-reef - i-Ningaloo - lihunyushwa kusukela olimini lwabantu basekhaya abahlala njenge "cape", kukholelwa ukuthi umhlabathi usungulwe iminyaka engaphezu kweyodwa, ngoba ngokusho kwabavubukuli kanye nama-aborigines asezindaweni zase-Australia zihlala iminyaka engaba ngu-30 000. Kusukela ngo-1987, lo mfula kanye namanzi ayo azungezile uye waqaphela njengepaki kazwelonke yase-Australia. Iziphathimandla zezwe zanquma ukuthi ukulondolozwa kwezinhlobo ze-whale sharks, ezihlangana ngonyaka kulezi zindawo kuze kufike ku-3-5 amakhulu, izingcingo, kanye nokubona yonke imvelo yesistimu ye-karst ngamapulangwe ayo kanye namathandle ngesilinganiso esibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izivakashi.
Kusukela ngo-2011, indawo yonke yokulondolozwa kwepaki ifakwe ohlwini lwaMagugu we-UNESCO. Lonke ugu lwama-Ningalu ogwini lungaxhunyaniswa ngokungahambisani nesakhiwo seNorth West Cape Peninsula, lapho iKapa Range National Park ikhona khona. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-peninsula ikhiwa ngenxa yamathambo ezilwane zasendulo ezihlanjululwe yimifula yolwandle, ezazihlala lapha izigidi zeminyaka edlule. Lesi sisekelo senze imidwebo ehlukahlukene yembala ezweni: pink, orange, red and others. Emanzini asendaweni, emagumbini emifula nemifula engaphansi kwamanzi kukhona izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-75 zezilwane ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Isimo sezulu nesimo sezulu se-Ningalu reef
Ihlobo lezwe eliseningizimu elisogwini lwase-Ningalu luqala kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuFebruwari, kanti ubusika kusukela ngoJuni kuya ku-Agasti. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa ehlobo lihlala lisuka ku-21-38 degrees Celsius, kanti izinga lokushisa ebusika livela ku-+12 kuya ku-25 degrees. Imvula yaminyaka yonke ingamamitha ayi-200-300, okwenza isimo sezulu sendawo sibe nesimo sezulu esomile, naphezu kokuba ukubunjwa kwemvula yendawo kuncike kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi, ukuqhuma kwamatshe kanye nama-cyclone.
Ngendlela, ama-cyclone kule ndawo ayinombolo. Ziyadlula kanye kuphela eminyakeni engu-3-5, zilethe izitshalo eziningi, ezithinta kakhulu ukukhula kwezimbali nezitshalo ezihlukahlukene, kanye ne-hydration kanye nokunikezwa kwamanzi emvelo yemvelo.
I-flora nezilwane
I-flora emaphethelweni emifula ka Ningalu ihluke kakhulu: kunezitshalo eziyi-630 kuphela zezitshalo zamagciwane. Zonke ezinye izitshalo zogwini zixhomeke kuhlobo lomhlabathi kanye nomhlaba - ikakhulukazi izihlahla, ama-eucalyptus, ama-acacia nama-mangroves. Izinhlobo ezingu-18 zezitshalo zikhula kuphela kulolu gagasi, kanti isitshalo esinjengeVerticordia forrestii siphelele eShark Bay eseduzane.
Umhlabathi we-Ningalu phakathi kwama-naturalist ubizwa ngokuyinhloko ngabantu abashiya ama-whale, kodwa ucebile kakhulu kwamakhorali ahlukahlukene kanye neminye imikhumbi yasolwandle. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sasebusika kule ndawo yamanzi sibheka ukufuduka kwamagagasi e-humpback endleleni eya e-Antarctica - lokhu kuyimbonakaliso emangalisayo. Emaphethelweni emifula, kunezinhlobo ezikhulayo nezikhulayo ezifana ne-manta, i-dugong namadonphin, futhi kunezinhlobo ezingu-19 zama-sharks ngaphandle kwe-whale. Amanzi angajulile emgodini kubhekwa njengento ebalulekile yokuzalanisa izinhlobo eziyisithupha zezinhlanzi zasolwandle nezinye izinyoka zasolwandle ezinobuthi.
Izazi zezokwelapha zazibala izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-738 ezinhlanzi ezishisayo ezinemibala engavamile kakhulu futhi ecacile, izinhlobo ezingu-300 zama-coral, izinhlobo ezingu-600 zama-invertebrates nama-crustaceans nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1 000 zezitshalo zasolwandle. Futhi ekujuleni kolwandle kuphila ngokuthula 25 izinhlobo ze-echinoderms nezinhlobo ezingu-155 zezipanji, hhayi ezimbalwa. Kusukela ngo-2006, kutholakale uhlobo olusha lwamapongipi emanzini ajulile, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuye kwabonakala futhi kwafundwa.
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Ukubikezelwa komgodla wesikhathi esizayo weNangaloo
Naphezu kokuvikelwa nokunikeza insimu yemifula isimo seNational Park, impikiswano kanye nokuzama ukushintsha inkambo yohulumeni wase-Australia ngenhloso yokwakha indawo yokuvakasha kulezi zindawo akupheli. Yonke imiklamo yokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwezokuhweba kolwandle iye yaqhwaba namhlanje, kodwa izivakashi eziyi-180,000 zivakashela ipaki njalo ngonyaka.
Kungashiwo ukuthi izibalo zomphakathi nabalobi base-Australia nase-Oceania benza umthelela omkhulu ekulondolozeni isimo semvelo sogu lolwandle lwe-Ningalu, olungavumeli lolu daba lube mthunzi. Omunye umuntu onjalo - uTim Winon - waze wanikela ngamadola ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25 ase-Australia enkampanini yokulondolozwa nokutadisha imifula. Futhi njengoba uyazi, kuvame ukuphela kweminikelo yezakhamuzi eziqaphelayo futhi ugcine amapaki amaningi futhi uvikele izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.
Ungafika kanjani?
Ukuze ufike endaweni yamanzi yomdabu ulula: kusuka kunoma yikuphi umuzi omkhulu e-Australia noma edolobheni lasePerth, udinga ukuba ushaye edolobheni laseLirmont, futhi ukusuka lapho uye kwelinye idolobha elincane - i-Exmus, okungukuthi "ukungena" kwe-Ningal, uzoqeda ngebhasi. Isikhathi esithakazelisayo kakhulu sokuvakashela ipaki kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi amathuba okubona i-humpback whale. Mane ukhumbule ukuthi akuvunyelwe ukuthinta noma yikuphi ummeleli wezilwane nezilwane.
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