Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu kuhambisana nomphakathi wezokwelapha. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesifo sofuba esithathelwanayo, izidakamizwa ezintsha ezengeziwe ziyathuthukiswa. I-Tamiflu (i-oseltamivir noma i-oseltamivir) iyinhlangano yokuvimbela imithi yokwelapha i-influenza A no-B, eyenziwa yi-Swiss ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Swiss pharmaceutical firm firm F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
Ukwakhiwa kweTamiflu
I-Tamiflu iyatholakala ngezindlela ezimbili: ama-capsules kanye ne-powder yokumiswa.
Ukwakhiwa kwesidakamizwa uTamiflu kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- ifomu capsular: 75 mg yezinto ezisebenzayo - i-oseltamivir nezinye izingxenye ezengeziwe;
- i-powder: 12 mg ye-oseltamivir nezinhlanganisela ezisekelayo.
U-Oseltamivir unciphisa ukuvikeleka kwamagciwane lapho ekhwehlela futhi ehlabayo, okunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nesifo esakhulayo kubantu abathintana nabagulayo, kusiza ukubhekana nokubonakaliswa okuyinhloko komkhuhlane, ngokuyinhloko ukunciphisa ukuxilongwa kwezinto ezinobuthi egazini, ukunciphisa izikhathi zokwelashwa nokunciphisa amathuba okuba nezinkinga eziyisibili, ke i-meningitis, i-otitis, i-pneumonia, njll.
Ngakho, ngokusho kwezibalo zezokwelapha, uTamiflu:
- ngo-38% kunciphisa izimpawu zomkhuhlane;
- I-37% iyanciphise ubude besifo;
- U-67% wehlisa ukutholakala kwezinkinga emva komkhuhlane ;
- ngo-71% kunciphisa amathuba okufa kusuka emkhunjini kwasebekhulile.
I-Tamiflu isetshenziselwa kuphela udokotela oya khona, obeka umthamo kanye nesikhathi sokwelapha.
Ingabe zikhona izifaniso zikaTamiflu?
Ngeshwa, ngazo zonke izibonakaliso ezinhle, uTamiflu ubangela imiphumela eminye emibi. Iziguli ezithatha lesi sidakamizwa, zivame ukukhononda ngezinambuzane, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo , ubuhlungu esifundeni se-epicentral (umbilical zone). Ngokusho kwezingane zakudala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12, ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukusabela kwengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinkomba zokuthatha izidakamizwa ngabantu abanenkinga yokusebenza kwezinso nesibindi, kunemiphumela emibi kaTamiflu endleleni yokugaya futhi isimiso sezinzwa. Kulokhu, kunombuzo ocindezelayo: yini ongayenza esikhundleni seTamiflu? Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yini engcono ukuyisebenzisa uma uphatha uketshezi: Tamiflu, Relenza noma Ingaverine.
Othatha indawo uTamiflu yisidakamizwa u-Relenza. Into esebenzayo enkulu yale nsizakalo yezokwelapha i-zanamivir, enomphumela ofanayo oseltamivir. I-Relenza itholakala ngendlela ye-powder ye-inhalation. Umuthi ovulekayo ungena ohlelweni lokuphefumula, lapho kunomphumela oqondile wokwelapha. Ukudla kwe-zanamivir egazini kuyinto encane, ngakho-ke akukho miphumela emibi evela ohlelweni lwezinzwa nokugaya. U-Relenza angasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ukuphatha umkhuhlane ezinganeni ezindala kuneminyaka engama-5, abesifazane abakhulelwe nabalahlayo.
Isidakamizwa se-antiviral Ingavirin sithandwa kakhulu emazweni e-CIS. Into esebenzayo, engxenyeni yesidakamizwa i-Ingavirin, i-vitaglutam, ngokusho kwesitatimende