AmaMyuziyamu eVatican

Iningi leqoqo lezinto zobuciko zobuciko kanye nemlando, eqoqwe eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu yiSonto LamaRoma Katolika, ligcinwa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu ze "Vatican Museums" (Musei Vaticani). Isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esitholakala ngakolunye uhlangothi odongeni, sinama-galleries angu-54, okuvakashelwa minyaka yonke izivakashi ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-5.

Amaminithi namahora okuvula amaMyuziyamu aseVatican

Imyuziyamu yokuqala yasungulwa uPapa Julius II ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16. Singasho ukuthi umlando weqoqo elidumile emhlabeni laqala ngokutholakala kwesithombe se-marble "Laocoon namadodana akhe". Lesi sithombe sitholakale ngoJanuwari 14, 1506, futhi inyanga ngemva kokuqinisekiswa kobuqiniso bayo, ithengwe kumnikazi futhi ifakwe niche ekhethekile kwelinye lamakhosi aseVatican , eBelvedere , ukuthola ukufinyelela jikelele.

Yonke inkimbinkimbi iyatholakala ukuvakashelwa nsuku zonke kusukela ngo-9 ekuseni ukuya ku-6: 00 ebusuku. Amavikikiki: njalo ngeSonto nazo zonke amaholidi angokwenkolo. Ngaphandle kweSonto lokugcina lenyanga, uma kungekho ukugubha kwenkolo - lezi zinsuku ngaphambi kuka-12: 30 ukungena kweMicrosoft Museum kuyi-free. Ihhovisi letikiti livala ngo-16: 00; Ngandlela-thile, emva kwalesi hora ngeke uvumeleke ukungena kumamyuziyamu, noma ngabe uthenge ithikithi kusengaphambili. Izakhiwo ze-museum zivaliwe: 1 no-6 Januwari, 11 Febhuwari, 19 no-31 Mashi, 1 Ephreli no-1 Meyi, 14-15 Agasti, 29 Juni, 1 Novemba kanye namaholide kaKhisimusi ngo-25-26 kuDisemba.

Ngingayitholaphi ithikithi emaMyuziyamu aseVatican?

1. Ebhokisini lebhokisi leyinkimbinkimbi yemyuziyamu uqobo, kukhona njalo umugqa, kodwa awupheli.
2. Ungakwazi ukukhathazeka kusengaphambili ngalolu daba bese uthole i-voucher kusayithi lemyuziyamu noma ejensi lokubuka indawo, izindleko zalo ezengeziwe yi-€ 4. Kodwa ulondoloza isikhathi: i-voucher, ephrintiwe noma efundekayo kuthebulethi, i-cashier ehlukile isebenza.
3. Ithikithi lingabhalwa kusayithi kusengaphambili ngosuku nosuku oluthile. I-voucher ephrintiwe kufanele iboniswe ngaphandle kokulinda isevisi ekhethekile eduze nabashicileli kanye nephasiwedi yakho futhi ukhokhe ngokugcwele.

Iyini i-Complex Museum Complex?

I-complex yezinyuziyamu zeVatican iqoqwe ngezici ezikhethekile zomhlaba zothando, ezihlukaniswe ngamahholo ngezizathu ezithintekayo noma ezakhiweni.

1. I-Gregorian Egyptian Museum yasungulwa ngo-1839, igcina ubuciko beGibhithe lasendulo kusukela ekhulwini leminyaka lesi-3 BC. Okuthakazelisayo ikakhulukazi yi-sarcophagi yamaharahara, izithombe zezinkulunkulu zaseGibhithe nababusi, izidumbu ezincane, ama-urns kanye namapyriri. I-museum ihlukaniswe ngamakamelo ayisishiyagalolunye, okunye okunikezwa kuzo izithombe zaseRoma zama-II-III eminyaka.
2. Njengemyuziyamu yangaphambilini, iMugrigi yaseGregorian Etruscan yavulwa kuPapa uGregory XVI, ehlonishwa yizo zombili iminyuziyamu ezibizwa ngegama. Ukuvezwa okuyinhloko kweyamamyuziyamu kuyona okutholakala emvubukulo yasemizini yasendulo eningizimu ye-Etruria. I-museum ihlukaniswe ngamahholo angu-22 ngokuphathelene nemiboniso. Okuthandwa kakhulu yisithombe se-altare se-Mars (ikhulu le-4 BC), imidwebo yemabula e-Athena, imikhiqizo emihle kunazo zonke ze-ceramics, ingilazi ne-bronze.
3. Iqoqo elingavamile lamakhandlela ekhulu lama-II ukusuka e-Otrikoli lifakwa kulokho okuthiwa iCandelabra Gallery . Futhi kunezithombe ezithakazelisayo, ama-vases, ama-sarcophagi nama-frescoes. Eceleni kwalo yiGalleries degli Arazzi, lapho kudwetshwa khona imidwebo emihle eyishumi, eyadalwa ngokusho kwemidwebo yabafundi bakaRafael.
4. Iqoqo elikhulu likaPapa wemidwebo ehlukahlukene namathepistri adalwe phakathi nekhulu le-XI-XIX ibizwa nge- Vatican's Pinakothek . Imidwebo endala kunazo zonke e-Pinakothek yidumo elidumile elithi "Last Judgment".
5. Ngo-1475, izwe labonakala liyimfihlakalo kakhulu futhi likhulu kakhulu ukuba lifinyelele iMtapoli yaseVatican . Sekuyiminyaka engamakhulu ayisithupha, sekuqoqiwe izincwadi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-600 ezinyathelisiwe, imibhalo engaba ngu-150 000 yesibalo kanye nenani elifanayo lokuqoshwa, iqoqo elithakazelisayo lamamephu ezwe, izinhlamvu zemali, ama-tapestries namakhandlela. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zamahholo, umnyango uvunyelwe kuphela kumapapa kanye namakhulu angamakhulu ososayensi bezwe.
6. Imyuziyamu yemifanekiso yasePius-Clement isendaweni enhle kunazo zonke yeBelvedere Palace. Ukwakhiwa okuthakazelisayo kuhlukaniswe yi-Animal Hall, i-Rotund Hall, igalari yama-busts, iHholo le-Cross Cross, iHholo lamaMuses kanye negalari yezithombe, kanye namahhovisi amabili: ama-masks no-Apoxymena. I-museum inezithombe eziningi ezinhle zamaRoma nezesiGreki.
7. Izinto zokudala ze-Antique ziqoqwa emnyuziyamu weChiaramonti , ingxenye yayo eyinhloko yikhilomitha eduze kwezindonga zazo, ama-busts, ama-reliefs kanye ne-sarcophagi yenkathi yamaRoma. Kwamanye amakamelo amathathu uzothola umlando wamaRoma, imfundiso yamaGrisi kanye neqoqo elikhulu kunazo zonke lama-Greco-Roman imibhalo yamaqaba nobuKristu.
8. Enye yamakhilomitha amancane amancane e-Vatican Museum complex inikezwa kwiGalari ye-Geographic Maps . Iqukethe amabalazwe amane anemifanekiso enemibala ebonisa izinto zeSonto LamaRoma Katolika, izingqikithi eziningi zenkolo nemicimbi ebalulekile yomlando. Konke lokhu kudalwe ngesicelo sikaGregory XIII ukuhlobisa isigodlo sikaPapa.
9. Umculi omkhulu wase-Italy u-Raphael, othunywe uPapa Julius II, wapenda eVatican amakamelo amane, manje esaziwa njengoRafael Stantsi . Ama-fresco wangempela e-"Athenian School", "Ukuhlakanipha, ukulinganisa kanye namandla", "Umlilo eBorgo" nabanye abayeki ukumangaza ngobuhle babo.
10. I-Apartments Borgia yizindawo zokudalwa ngokukhethekile zikaPapa uBorgia-Alexander VI. Izindonga zamakamelo zidwetshiwe ngamaFresco amahle kakhulu ngezigcawu zeBhayibheli zabaculi abadumile namakholi.
11. I-Pio-Cristiano Museum igcina imisebenzi yenkathi yokuqala yamaKristu emahholo ayo. Lapha, i-sarcophagi yezindawo zokungcwaba kwamaRoma ibonakala kabanzi ngokulandelana kwesikhathi. Omunye wemiboniso evelele kakhulu emnyuziyamu yilo mdwebo othi "UMalusi Omuhle", owawunjalo umhlobiso we-sarcophagi, futhi cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu leminyaka emva kokubuyiselwa kwaba umfanekiso ohlukile.
12. Imyuziyamu yezithunywa zevangeli ezithandwa yi-ethnological isendaweni ye-Lateran Palace, namuhla inezindlu ezingaphezu kwekhulu eziyizibonakaliso ezivela emhlabeni wonke: amasiko enkolo emazweni amaningi, njengeKorea, eChina, eJapane, eMongolia naseTibet, nase-Afrika, e-Oceania naseMelika. Ungakwazi ukutadisha izihloko zokuphila kwansuku zonke kanye namasiko abantu bakwamanye amazwekazi, ingxenye yemyuziyamu ifinyeleleka kuphela ososayensi.
13. I-Nikcolina Chapel yikamelo elincane elidwetshwe izigcawu ezivela empilweni kaSt Stephen noLornzo emakhulwini eminyaka neshumi nambili nanhlanu. Umlobi wemisebenzi eyingqayizivele yi-monk-iDominican Fra Beato Angelico.
14. Ingxenye edume kakhulu futhi yasendulo yamaMyuziyamu aseVatican, iSistine Chapel , iyomangalisa ngokuchichima kobuciko bayo ngisho nabakhenkethi abayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izazi-mlando zezobuciko zincoma ukutadisha uhlelo lwe-frescos kusengaphambili, ngakho kuqondakala futhi kuyathandeka.
15. I-museum yomlando yeVatican ingumncinyane kunazo zonke, uPapa Paul VI wasungula ngo-1973. Imibukiso yeminyuziyamu inikezwe emlandweni weVatican ngokwayo futhi inakekele emotweni, izimoto, isifenqo samasosha, izinto zansukuzonke nezindlu zangasese zokugcoba zamapapa, izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, izithombe nemibhalo.
16. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ngo-1933, uPapa Pius XI wasungula i- Lucifer Museum engaphansi kweSonto le-Sacred Heart of the Martyr eVatican. Igcina ubufakazi bokuba khona kukaSathane Emhlabeni, kodwa imyuziyamu ivaliwe kwabangaphandle.

Ungayifinyelela kanjani e-Vatican Museums?

Kumnyango omkhulu weVatican Museum Complex uzothola kalula ukuhamba ngezinyawo uma usephakathi kweDolobha elingunaphakade.

Ungase futhi ufike eVatican ngokusebenzisa phansi komhlaba, uma uhamba kulayini A; ukuyeka okudingekayo, okuvela kuwo imizuzu engaba ngu-10 ukuya emnyango: "I-Museum yaseVatican", "Ottaviano" no "S.Pietro". Inombolo ye-tram elula 19 ilandela ukumisa "Piazza del Risorgimento", okuyizinyathelo ezimbalwa ezisuka odongeni lweVatican.

Ngokuphathelene nemizila yasemadolobheni, konke kuxhomeke kulokho okudliwayo komuzi:

• Cha. 49 uzokuyisa emnyango, ume - ngokuphambene;
• Imizila No. 32, 81 no-982 yahlukanisa ukuma nge-tram ekhonjwe ngenhla;
• Imizila No. 492 no-990 idlulisa "imoto ye-Via Leone" eliseduzane, okuyilapho uhamba khona imizuzu embalwa nje futhi ukhona kusayithi.