I-Viola noma i-Pansy ngokwesayensi okuthiwa i- Virotka violet. Lesi sitshalo esineminyaka emibili sisuka ku-15 kuya ku-30 cm ukuphakama, izimbali zalo zibukeka kakhulu njenge-violet, enkabeni yayo lapho kukhona khona isimo esingavamile. Imibala ihluka: kusuka emhlophe kuya kumnyama nge-shades. Ama-pansies awanamaphutha kakhulu: angatshalwe ngisho nalapho eqhakaza futhi etshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa liwa. Baqhakaza kakhulu (ngasekupheleni kukaMashi - ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli) futhi baqhakaze kakhulu.
Amapansi - ukutshala nokunakekelwa
- Indawo . Ama-pansies ayenomthunzi obekezelayo, kepha uma ekhula e-penumbra, ukuqhakaza ngeke kube okuningi kakhulu, nakuba kunesikhathi eside, futhi izimbali zimbalwa futhi zikhanya.
- Inhlabathi . Inhlabathi evundile neyomhlabathi ifaneleka ukutshala phansi, ngaphandle kokuhlaselwa kwamanzi ashubile, njengoba lokhu kuholele ekubola kwesimiso sesitshalo nokufa kwayo.
- Ukunisela . Udinga ukuphuza i-viola izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngesonto, futhi uma kushisa kakhulu, njalo usuku ngalunye.
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu . I-puff upeses idinga umanyolo obunzima we-mineral nge potassium, i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kanye ne-trace elements. Izithombo kudingeka zidonswe nge-superphosphate kanye ne-ammonium nitrate (20-40 g per m²). Ama-pansies angeke ahlanganiswe nomquba omusha.
- Ukunakekela . Ukuze i-pansy ikhule isikhathi eside, udinga ukususa izimbali eziphelile ngesikhathi, ukuze amabhokisi embewu angahlakuli, njengalapho imbewu ivuthiwe imbali iyeka ukukhula nokufa.
I-Pansy - ukukhiqiza
Kunezindlela ezimbili zokukhulisa amaphoyinti amasha we-bottomes: imbewu kanye nokusika.
Izimpande - ezikhulayo ezivela kumbewu
Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile;
- emabhokisini.
Ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwe-pansies, banezithelo nembewu abayisebenzisayo ukuze bakhulise ngonyaka ozayo. Lapho ukuhlwanyela phansies kuncike ekufuneni isikhathi sokubhakabhaka. Ukuze uthole izimbali ezinhle ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, i-viola kumele ihlwanyelwe ehlobo ngasekupheleni kukaJuni - ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kunyaka odlule. Ezindaweni zokulala noma emibhedeni ehlwanyelwe kahle, abahlwanyeli emigqeni enomdanso. Imbewu ehlwanyelwe itshalwe emva kwamasonto amabili, amasonto amabili emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, ahanjiswa, futhi ekupheleni kuka-Agasti aphinde atshalwe endaweni yezimbali kude no 20-25 s.
Uma ufuna ukuthola izimbali ngonyaka ofanayo, kufanele uhlwanyele imbewu kuqala ebhokisini, bese utshala izithombo ensimini yembali.
- Ukulandelana kwezigaba zomsebenzi:
- Ukulimala kwembewu ye-floores kufanele kwenziwe ngoFebhuwari, ukuhlakaza phezu kwenhlabathi enomswakama, ukufafaza kancane ngendwangu encane yomhlaba.
- Amabhokisi afakwa endaweni emnyama ngokushisa kwe-15-20 ° C kanye nomswakama owanele wendawo.
- Uma imbewu ikhuphuka (amasonto amabili), izinga lokushisa kufanele lihliswe ku-10 ° C bese lifaka isitsha ngehlumela elangeni.
- Ungadonsa izithombo ze-viola ezinsukwini ezingu-10-20.
- Tshala izithombo zembali endaweni evulekile ngoMeyi, ngakho-ke ehlobo sezivele ziqhakaze.
I-Pansy - isakazwa yi-cuttings
I-Cuttings isakazeka ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi iqala ukuqhutshwa ngoMeyi-June.
- Ngesihlahla sinqunywe amahlumela okugcina ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngama-2-3 amafindo.
- Lezi zitshalo zitshalwe endaweni enomthunzi eduze komunye u-0.5 cm, ngokushesha kuhle ukumanzi futhi ufafaze ngamanzi.
- Izimpande ze-cuttings zizovela emavikini angu-3-4.
Uma i-cuttings entwasahlobo, khona-ke i-pansies izoqhakaza ehlobo noma ekwindla zakuqala konyaka ofanayo, futhi uma isondela ekwindla - bese kuthi entwasahlobo yonyaka ozayo.
Ukukhiqiza okunjalo kuvuselela izitshalo ngokwayo, akuvumeli ukuthi izihlahla zikhule, njengoba lokhu kuholela ekudakaleni kwezimbali. Kusukela esihlahleni esisodwa esikhulu ngesikhathi ungathola ama-cuttings angaba ngu-10, futhi lonke ihlobo ngisho nangaphezulu.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-Pansy
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-agrotechnics ye-floores ekhulayo kuholela ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezilandelayo:
- umlenze omnyama;
- i-powdery isikhutha;
- izimpande futhi zibolile,
- ukubona.
Kusuka ezinambuzane, ezivame kakhulu yi- aphid futhi zihleka , ezingalawulwa ngezidakamizwa ezifanele.
Ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo ekufakeni izimila nemibala emihle, ngokuvamile ama-floores asetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izivande zembali namabhaloni.