I-high blood pressure

I-hypertension esemqoka (i-hypertension) yindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu yomshuwalense. Cabanga ngalokho okubalulekile ukucindezeleka okukhulu, yikuphi ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo, nokuthi uyaphathwa kanjani.

Kuyini ukucindezeleka okubalulekile?

I-hypertension esemqoka ye-arterial isifo esiyinhloko sesifo, ukuxilongwa okukwenziwa ngokuqeda ukucindezeleka komfutho wegazi. Lokhu kuyisifo esingapheli esihlobene nokunyuka kwengcindezi yegazi. Ekuthuthukiseni kwayo, kunezici eziningana ezingabandakanyeka, kubandakanya:

• ukugugulelwa ngokwefa ngenxa yokuguquka kwesakhi;
• ukubhema, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala;
• ukusetshenziswa kwemanzi amaningi (usawoti owengeziwe);
• ukungabi namavithamini athile kanye nama-microelements;
• ukukhuluphala ;
• i-hypodynamia;
• ukucindezeleka njalo;
• ukuguga, njll.

Izimpawu zokucindezeleka okubalulekile

Lesi sifo sivame ukuvela ngokungenakulinganiswa, futhi ukubonakaliswa okuqondile okukodwa isikhathi eside kuphela kungaba ukucindezelwa kwegazi kuphela. I-borderline ibhekwa njengenani lenani le-systolic ("phezulu") kwegazi lika-140-159 mm Hg. Art. futhi i-diastolic - 90-94 mm Hg. Art.

Kwezinye izimo, ezinkathini zokuqala zeziguli, lezi zibonakaliso ezilandelayo zenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile:

• ikhanda ekhanda noma emilonyeni;
• isiyezi;
• izinhliziyo zomzimba;
• umsindo ezindlebeni ;
• umbono kabili emehlweni.

Lezi zibalo zikhuliswa ngenkathi kuphakama okukhulu kwegazi (inkinga ye-hypertensive). Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi kanye nezitsha zokuguqula zakhiwa. Izitho ezihlosiwe ziyi: inhliziyo, ubuchopho, izinso.

Izinyathelo zokucindezeleka okubalulekile:

1. Ukukhanya - okubonakala ngokunyuka kwesikhashana kwegazi (ukucindezelwa kwe-diastolic - ngaphezu kuka-95 mm Hg). Ukujwayelekile komfutho wegazi ophezulu kungenzeka ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.
2. Okulinganiselwe - okubhekiselwe ukwanda okuqinile kwegazi (ukucindezeleka kwe-diastolic - 105-114 mm Hg). Ngalesi sigaba, i-arteriolar encane, i-venule ekwandisa, ukubola kwesimiso ku-fundus ingatholakala uma kungabikho ezinye izifo.
3. Izindleko ezinkulu - ezibonakala ukwanda okuqinile emzimbeni wegazi (ukucindezelwa kwe-diastolic - ngaphezu kuka-115 mm Hg). Ukucindezela komzimba akuvamile ngisho nangemva kokuba inkinga ixazululwe. Kulesi sigaba, ukuguqulwa kwesikhwama se-fundus kubonakala ngokwengeziwe, i-arterio- kanye ne-arteriologicalclerosis, i-ventricular hypertrophy, i-cardiosclerosis ikhula. Kubonakala ushintsho lwezifo kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi.

Ukwelashwa komfutho wegazi ophakeme

Umgomo oyinhloko ekwelapheni ukucindezeleka okubalulekile ukunciphisa ingozi yezinhliziyo kanye nezinye izinkinga, kanye nokufa kubo. Kuze kube sekugcineni, akudingeki ukuthi kunciphise ukucindezelwa kwegazi kumazinga ajwayelekile, kodwa futhi ukunciphisa zonke izici zobungozi. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuqhutshwa iminyaka eminingi.

Iziguli zikhuthazwa ukuba zishintshe indlela yabo yokuphila, okungukuthi:

1. Yeka ukuphuza utshwala nokubhema.
2. Nciphisa isisindo somzimba.
3. Qinisekisa imodi yomsebenzi, ukuphumula nokulala.
4. Yenza impilo yokuphila.
5. Ncishisa ukunakekelwa kwethusi usawoti.
6. Qaphela ukudla nge-predominance yokudla kwezitshalo nokunciphisa ekudleni kwamafutha esilwane.

Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusho ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamandla, ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba eziningana:

• i-diuretics;
• abaphikisi be-calcium;
• ama-agonists e-imidazoline receptors;
• inhibitors ye-enzyme yokuguqula i-angiotensin;
• abaphikisi bama-receipt for angiotensin II;
• α and β-adrenoblockers.

Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa (noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa eziningana) kwenziwa ngudokotela kuye ngesigaba sesifo, iminyaka yeziguli, izifo ezithinta izifo.