I-gland yegciwane iyisitho esibaluleke kunazo zonke, ekusebenzeni kwayo kuxhomeke esimweni nasemisebenzini yazo zonke izinhlelo zesitho zomzimba. Yilezi gland ezenza izinto ezikhethekile ezisebenzayo - ama-hormone asithinta ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omzimba futhi alawulwe izinqubo zemithi. I-pathologies ye-gland yegciwane ihlanganisa ukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene emsebenzini obalulekile wenyama yonke.
I-Hypoplasia (hypoplasia) ye-gland yegciwane iyisifo sofuzo esibonakala ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Lezi zifo ziqala ukuthuthukiswa kwazo ngesikhathi sokubeletha futhi zingahlanganiswa nokuqukethwe okwanele kwe-iodine emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelwe, kanye ne-gland yegciwane ekhona kuye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwazo zonke izicubu zomzimba kuvame ukuphawula, nakuba i-hypoplasia yengxenye ye-gland yegciwane (isibonelo, i-lobe kwesobunxele) ngezinye izikhathi ihlangene.
Uma ukwehluka okunjalo kungokwemvelo (eyesibili), njll. etholakala kubantu abadala, kuthiwa i-atrophy ye-gland gland. Nokho, igama elithi "hypoplasia" livame ukusetshenziswa ukuchaza leso sifo. Indlela yokwenza i-atrophy ye-gland ihlotshaniswa nokuncipha kancane kancane emthamo wezicubu zayo ezisebenzayo ngenxa yokufa kwe-thyrocytes - amangqamuzana angamahloni wegciwane le-thyroid, eveza ama-hormone. Ngenxa yokungabi nama-hormone, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypothyroidism siqala.
Izimbangela ze-hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane kubantu abadala
Masiqokomise izimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-atrophy ye-thyroid:
- izifo ze-pituitary gland, lapho i- hormone i-TSH , ethinta umsebenzi we-gland gland, ayakhiwanga;
- ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-thyroid ze-autoimmune genesis;
- Ukusebenzisa isikhathi eside izidakamizwa ze-thyreostatic ezivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwamahomoni wegciwane;
- ukwelashwa nge-iodine yama-radioactive, ukunqwabelana kwe-iodine emzimbeni;
- ukuwohloka kwegazi okwenziwe izicubu zegland;
- izicubu ezinonya ze-gland yegciwane.
Izimpawu ze-hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane
I-pathology ikhula kancane kancane, ngakho-ke izimpawu ze-hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane aziveli ngokushesha. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoplasia kungaba:
- ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala;
- ukukhubazeka kwememori;
- ukucindezeleka;
- isinciphiso sesifiso socansi;
- isikhumba esomile;
- izipikili ezinamahloni , ukulahlekelwa izinwele;
- ukushisa komzimba kwehla;
- ukungabi nesifiso ngokumelene nesizinda sesisindo esandayo;
- ukuzamazama kwenhliziyo;
- ukugeleza okwesikhashana nokude kwesikhathi.
Esigabeni esithuthukile, uphawu oluphawulekayo luyi-edema ye-fat subcutaneous, ehambisane nemisebenzi ebonakalayo neyengqondo. Kukhona ukukhukhuma okuqinile kobuso, ukukhukhuma kwamajwabu amehlo, izikhwama ngaphansi kwamehlo, ukuntuleka kwesibonakaliso sobuso.
I-Echopriznaki hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane
Hlola ubukhulu obuqondile begciwane le-thyroid, ngaleyo ndlela uqinisekise ukuxilongwa kwe-hypoplasia, kungenziwa kuphela nge-ultrasound. Ukulinganisa ubukhulu besitho kwenziwa futhi kuqhathaniswa nemingcele etholakalayo ngezinga leminyaka. Inkomba enkulu
Ukwelashwa kwe-hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane
Ukwelashwa kwe-hypoplasia ye-gland yegciwane kuncike ekutheni izinga lokukhubazeka (okulinganiselwe, olunzima, njll), inani lezinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa futhi, yiqiniso, izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kwalo. Ukutholakala kwamaseli we-gland akunakwenzeka, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthatha imithi yokuqeda noma ukunciphisa izimpawu zesifo. Kukhona nesidingo sokudla njalo izidakamizwa ze-hormonal (ukuguqulwa kwesifo). Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kunqunywe.