I-test clotting test

Ukuqothula ngegazi yikhono elibaluleke kakhulu kunomzimba ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi lapho izindonga zemithambo yegazi zilimazekile, futhi ama-clots wegazi ahlakazeka lapho engasadingeki. Umqondo wegazi coagulability awuhlanganiswa ngokungahambisani nesistimu ye-homeostasis, umsebenzi wokugcina igazi. I-homeostasis inezinhlobo ezimbili:

1. Isisekelo - i-platelet ye-vascular. Ngalo, ama-platelet abamba ndawonye bese enza lo okuthiwa "i-thrombus emhlophe", lapho amapulletti ehlala khona.
2. I-secondary - coagulation (naye - i-coagulation yegazi). Ngalo, ukuvinjwa okunamandla kwendawo emelekile nge-fibrin clot kudalwe, okubizwa nangokuthi "i-red clot". Leli gama lanikezwa ngoba imishini ye-fibrin ngokuyinhloko iqukethe ama-erythrocytes.

Ngakho-ke, inqubo yegazi coagulation kunzima kakhulu futhi indima yayo emzimbeni ibaluleke kakhulu. Noma yikuphi ukugula okuhlobene nokugaya igazi kungabonisa izifo futhi kuholele kuyo. Kumele futhi kucaciswe ukuthi isigaba sokugcina se-homeostasis yi-fibrinolysis, lapho i-clot yegazi ihlehla khona lapho umkhumbi uthola futhi isidingo se-fibrin clot sanyamalala.

Izinkomba zokuhlaziywa kwegazi coagulability

I-test coagulation test ibizwa nangokuthi i-coaguloramma. Ukuze uthathe ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuvala i-clotting, udinga ukucacisa isibonakaliso salokhu. Ngezifo eziningana, ukubola kwegazi kungahle kuphazamiseke, futhi ukutholakala kwabo kuyisisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhono lokuqhaqhazela:

• izifo ezizimele;
• umsebenzi wesibindi ongavamile;
• izifo zenhliziyo;
• i-varicose veins;
• isifo sikashukela mellitus ;
• i-hemochromatosis .

Futhi, ukuhlaziywa kwe-coagulation kuyadingeka ezimweni ezithile:

• ukukhulelwa;
• Isikhathi se-postoperative noma se-preoperative;
• ukulawula ukwelashwa kwama-anticoagulants;
• Uma ukusola kokulahlekelwa kwegazi okwesikhathi eside kuyadingeka, isheke sokuvala i-clotting liyadingeka.

Ukuchazwa kokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuvala i-clotting

Ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokujwayelekile kokuhlaziywa kwegazi, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ebhokisatri ngayinye lezi zinkomba zingase zihluke kancane, ngakho-ke igama lokugcina ludokotela oya khona. Kumele futhi kuqondwe ukuthi ama-coagulogram ahluke ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuye ngokuthi yi-trimester.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuphelele kwe-clotting kuqukethe izinkambiso ezingu-8, ezinikeza ukulinganiswa kwe-clotting yegazi:

1. Isivivinyo segazi sokuvala isikhathi. Isikhathi sokuvala isikhathi sinama-5-10 amaminithi (ngenxa yegazi elimnyama, kanye ne-capillary - imizuzu emibili). Ukwenyuka kwepharamitha kubonisa i-coagulability ephansi, futhi ukwehla kokuqedwa ngokweqile.
2. I-APTTV yisikhathi esithathiwe se-thromboplastin. Umkhuba uvela kumasekhondi angu-24 kuya kwangu-35. Ukwanda kwesikhombisa kubonisa amandla amancane we-coagulation, futhi kunciphisa ngesikhathi sokuthi u-hypercoagulability.
3. Inkomba ye-prothrombin yisikhathi se-prothrombin, esifundwa ukuhlola indlela yangaphandle yokuvala i-clotting. Isilinganiso sivela ku-80 kuya ku-120%. Ukunciphisa kule nkomba kubonisa ukuthi i-hypercoagulable, nokwanda komsebenzi owenziwe wegazi we-coagulation.
4. I-Fibrinogen iyiprotheni e-plasma. Ngokuvamile isibonakaliso sivela ku-5.9 kuya ku-11.7 μmol / l. Kungakhula ngokuvuvukala, ukukhulelwa, ukushisa nokuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo. I-slide ingakhuluma nge-DIC syndrome noma izifo zesibindi.
5. Isikhathi se-Thrombin ukuhlolwa kwesigaba sokugcina se-coagulation. Ngokuvamile, lesi sibalo sivela kumasekhondi angu-11 kuya kwangu-17.8. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-fibrinogen, i-hyperbilirubinemia, noma ukwelashwa nge-heparin, kungase kube nokwanda, futhi kunciphise ngesikhathi - ngenani elikhulu le-fibrinogen egazini, noma nge-syndrome ye-ICE.
6. Isikhathi sokubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-plasma sivamile - kusuka kumasekhondi angu-60 kuya kwangu-120.
7. Ukubekezelelana nge-plasma ne-heparin. Njengamanje, lolu vivinyo alusetshenziswanga ngaso sonke isikhathi. Umkhuba uvela emaminithini amathathu kuya kwangu-11.
8. Ukuphinda kwe-clot yegazi. Ngokuvamile ipharamitha isuka ku-44 kuya ku-65%.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-clotting kwegazi kwenziwa kanjani?

Isivivinyo se-coagulation yegazi ngokuvamile senziwa nge-in vitro, kodwa, ngokwesibonelo, ekuhlolweni kokugaya igazi lonke - i-thromboelastography, isilinganiso sokulinganisa izimo ze-Invivo kungenzeka.

Ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele ukuvala ama-clotting, amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa akufanelekile ukudla. Igazi lokuhlaziywa lithathwe emthanjeni ukuze lihlolwe igazi eliyingozi. Ukuhlola ikhono lokugcoba i-capillary blood kanye namaplatelet okwanele ukuhlaziya igazi emunwe.