Ukuguga kungaba okuhlukile: abanye abantu asebekhulile banamandla futhi bakhiqiza kuze kube sekuphefumulweni kokugcina, abanye bashintsha ngaphezu kokuqaphela. I-Marasmus ayilona i-pathology engavamile ezweni lanamuhla, okwenza kube nokuhlupheka okuningi kumuntu oshona futhi ikakhulukazi kubantu abaseduze.
Kuyini ukuhlambalaza?
I-Marasmus iyindlela yokukhubazeka yokuqedwa okuphelele kwezinqubo ze-psychophysical, ukuqedwa kwemisebenzi yokucabangela. Ihambisana ne-atrophy yobuchopho, izinguquko ezingenakuguquka ezingxenyeni nezitho zomuntu. Phakathi kodokotela, lesi sifo sinalo igama elivamile "elomile", kubonisa inqubo eqhubekayo yokukhathala nokuphoqa. Lesi sifo siqala kancane kancane, iqembu eliyingozi - abantu abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala. I-Marasmus inezinhlobo eziningana:
- presenilny (ngaphambi kwesikhathi, esaziwa);
- senile (senile);
- i-feedary (ezinganeni nakubantu abadala, ngenxa yokungenisa ngokwanele amaprotheni emzimbeni)
Kuyini senilityility senile?
Ukuhlukumeza okudala kuyisigaba sokugcina sokungaboni kahle komqondo noma ukuwohloka komqondo okuyisifo esibucayi. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa emva kweminyaka engama-60 kuphela, ukuvama kwesifo kuphezulu kusuka ku-10 kuya ku-35% kuwo wonke amacala okuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukwehluleka kwemisebenzi yengqondo ekudemeni kwengqondo kuyinkimbinkimbi yenkinga yesifo futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuphatha. Izici ze-senility yabesifazane:
- kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezimbili kaningi ngaphezu kwamadoda;
- Izimpawu zivame kakhulu;
- ukuphazamiseka kokungcoliswa.
I-Marasmus yomuntu:
- Ukwehlisa okuncane ngenxa yokulinda isikhathi esifushane sokuphila uma kuqhathaniswa nesigamu sesifazane;
- ukwephulwa kwentuthuko kancane;
- ukuxhasana ngokobulili nokukhuphuka okukhulu.
Izimbangela ze-senile senility
I-Marasmus phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile ibonakala kakhulu, lapho emazweni ahlukene iminyaka eminingana kwakukhona imigodi yabantu. I-predominance yabantu abadala asebekhulile ibonisa ngokucacile ukuthi ukuwohloka komqondo kuyinto evamile efuna ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zezenhlalakahle nezempilo ezizosiza abantu, lapho izinsimbi zokuqala eziphazamisayo ziqala, ziqale ukuthatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa izinqubo ezibhubhisayo.
Izimbangela ze-senile senility:
- Isifo se- Marasmus nesifo se-Alzheimer - ubuhlobo obuseduze phakathi kwesifo se-neurogenic esitholwa i-Alzheimer kanye nokubonakala kwe-marasmus kwaqinisekiswa emuva ngo-1910.
- I-Genetic predisposition.
- Izifo zesifo se-Somatic (i-pathologies yesimiso senhliziyo: ukuqina kwesifo sofuba, isifo somfutho wegazi).
- I-oncology.
- Amaphrotheni e-Prion - amaprotheni angaphandle angokwemvelo, avela ekudleni angangena ohlelweni lwesisindo somuntu futhi alubhubhise kanye nesistimu yomzimba.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-psychotropic.
- Isifo sika Pick.
Stasis - izimpawu kanye nokwelashwa
Ukuhlukumeza okudala kuyisifo esinamandla se-multi-organ pathology, okuwukuphela kokuphelelwa yisifo sengqondo esibi . Sekuyiminyaka eminingana imvelo yayisetshenziselwa izinguquko ezonakalisa ukugula, futhi i-marasmus yisimo esibi kakhulu esiyimpawu ezibonakalayo. Ukwelashwa komqondo ophezulu we-dementia akuletha imiphumela futhi kuhloswe ukunciphisa isimo sesiguli, ngakho kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo.
Ukuzizwa kwe-Senile - izimpawu
Bobani abama-marasmists abanjalo emphakathini bayazi kakhulu, ngenxa yemvamisa ephezulu yesifo. Lesi sifo sibonakala kuyo yonke "ubuhle" bayo emva kweminyaka engama-60. Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala - kubiza ukubikezela futhi zonke izimpawu zithuthuka ngesivinini somlilo, okwenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi kusenza sicabange ukuthi izinguquko eziqhubekayo kancane kancane ziqhubeka isikhathi eside. Izimpawu zikaMarasmus:
- ukukhushulwa kwezici ezingalungile zomlingiswa (umuntu ohahayo uba yisisindo esibuhlungu, ukuzithoba kuyinto engapheli yokuzinakekela);
- i-egocentrism eyanda - kunesidingo esikhulayo sokulawula konke;
- abesifazane bahlakulela ukuphazamiseka kwezidakamizwa (bakhononda ukuthi bafuna ukubulala ubuthi noma ukuphanga izihlobo zabo);
- Ukunganakwa nokukhathazeka kwabanye;
- kukhona isifiso sokuhamba ngezindawo zokulahla udoti kanye nezindlu zokugcina ezilethwa kudoti;
- isifiso esingalawuleki;
- izinkinga zememori (izinsuku, izenzakalo, ukuqashelwa - zisusiwe ememori);
- ukudideka kwesikhala;
- i-cachexia - ukukhathala okukhulu.
Indlela yokuphatha ukwehla kwe-senile?
I-Marazmatik ngumuntu odinga ukunakekelwa okuphelele, ukunakekelwa kanye nokwelashwa. Isimo esibalulekile ukuhlinzekwa kohulumeni:
- ocolile, owaziwayo futhi ojwayele imvelo egulayo (akukhuthazwa ukuthutha umuntu ukuthi angajwayelekile, noma ngabe izimo zokuphila ezingcono);
- ukukhuthazwa kokusebenza ngokomzimba (ukubamba iqhaza ekuhlanzeni, ukupheka, imisebenzi ejwayelekile yasemakhaya);
- ukulala kwansuku zonke;
- ukuhamba ngokuhambisana nesiguli epaki;
- ukudla amaprotheni, i-micronutrient kanye nokudla okune-vitamin okucebile (inhlanzi, imifino, imifino, izithelo).
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kuhloswe ukuphatha lesi sifo esiyisisekelo:
- Ama-Neuroprotectors - i-nootropil, i-mexidol, i-cinnarezin.
- Abaphikisi be-calcium - i-verapamil, i-cerebrolysin, i-dilhart.
- Ama-anti-depressants - azafen, tryptophan, amalungiselelo asekelwe ku-St John's wort.
- Antipsychotics - i-clozapine, i-haloperidol, i-dicarbine.
Ukuzwela okudala - yini okufanele izihlobo ziyenze?
I-marasmatic ngumuntu odinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ukunakwa nokubhekwa. Emagxeni omndeni unomthwalo omkhulu, okudinga ukukhuthazela ngokomzimba, ukuziphatha nokucindezeleka okukhulu. Okufanele ukwenze ezihlotsheni uma othandekayo wakhe ewile ku-marasmus, izincomo:
- ukudala induduzo;
- Iklasi lokuqala lokusiza, ukusika, ukubopha izinto - ukuzisusa ezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki;
- ukulawulwa kwemithi yokwelapha;
- ukuthenga isongo ngolunye ulwazi mayelana nesiguli esibhekene ne-marasmus (igama, iminyaka, ikheli kanye nenombolo yocingo yesihlobo) kuzobhalwa;
- phuma imiyalelo yesiguli kulo lonke indlu;
- unakekele intando;
- uma ucasula isiguli, khumbula ukuthi uma usuthandekayo waba "ingane";
- ukwelashwa kwezihlobo zesiguli kumuntu wezokwelapha kuzosiza ukubona isimo ngokukhanya okuhlukile.