I-Myasthenia gravis - izimpawu

I-Myasthenia gravis ingenye yalezi zifo ezikhohlisayo, ezithintekayo kakhulu abantu abasebancane. Ngokwezwi elivela kolulwimi lwesiGreki lesi sihloko sihunyushwe ngokuthi "ukungapheleli kwemisipha", okuchaza ngokucacile uphawu oluyinhloko. Ngokwemvelo, asikhulumi ngobuqotho obuthakathaka bomzimba, abantu ababhekana nakho ngemva kokusebenza ngokomzimba. Lapha umbuzo ungathí sina kakhulu - ukukhathala kwe-pathological of the musculature, okuyihloko kanye nentamo.

Izici namaqiniso

Isikhathi sokuqala isifo se-myasthenia gravis sichazwa kumlando we-17th century, futhi ngekhulu le-19 ithola igama elisemthethweni. Ukwelashwa okwanele nokuphumelelayo kwezidakamizwa kwasetshenziswa phakathi nekhulu lama-20, nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezidakamizwa.

I-Myasthenia ihlukaniswa njengezifo ezizimele ze-autoimmune, okungukuthi, lapho umzimba womuntu uqala ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies okubhekiswe kuma cell and tiscues ayo aphilile kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphendula okuvuthayo.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi kaningi ngezimpawu ze-myasthenia gravis lapho kukhona abesifazane, futhi lesi sifo siqala ukuzibonakalisa sisebancane, kusukela eminyakeni engu-20 kuya kwengu-40. Kukhona namacala e-myasthenia gravis esandulela, okungenzeka ukuthi ifa. Lesi sifo singavamile kakhulu, cishe ngo-0.01% wabantu, kodwa odokotela babona umkhuba owenza amacala avamile.

Izimbangela ezaziwayo nezindlela zokuthuthukiswa kwe-myasthenia gravis

Indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-myasthenia isekelwe ekuphuleni noma ukuvinjelwa okuphelele komsebenzi wezingqungquthela ze-neuromuscular. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lama-antibodies, okukhiqizwa yisistimu yomzimba (ukuphendula ngokuzenzakalelayo). Ngokuvamile, indima enkulu kule nqubo idlala i- thymus gland - isitho sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba, lapho kutholakala khona isisu esinamandla. Ngesimo sokubeletha sesifo, odokotela babiza izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zamaprotheni, okubandakanyeka ngokuqondile ekwakheni ukuxhumana kwe-neuromuscular.

Odokotela baveza izici ezithile ezikhungayo ezenza kube nzima kakhulu lesi sifo:

• ukucindezeleka okukhulu;
• ukuphefumula okwejwayelekile kanye neminye imikhuhlane;
• ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu esibukhali (amazwe ashisayo);
• amalungiselelo okwelapha (ezinye antibiotics, beta-blockers, njll).

Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo

I-Myasthenia gravis iveza izimpawu ezihlukahlukene, ezihlangene zibe izinhlobo eziningana:

1. Iso. Kaningi futhi isigaba sokuqala sesifo. Kubonakala ngokunciphisa (i-ptosis) yamajwabu amehlo (noma eyodwa), i-strabismus, nombono ophindwe kabili emehlweni, okungabonwa kokubili ezindizeni eziqondile nezingazungezile. Izimpawu zivame ukushintsha - okungukuthi, ziyashintsha usuku lonke - zibuthakathaka ekuseni noma zingekho, futhi zimbi nakakhulu kusihlwa.
2. I-Bulbarnaya. Lapha, izicubu zobuso ne-larynx zithinteka okokuqala, ngenxa yalokho isiguli sinezwi elimsindo, ukubhekwa kombuso ubuso bubi kakhulu, futhi ukubonakala kwesimo se-dysarthritic kubonakala. Futhi, imisebenzi yokugwinya nokuhlafuna ingaphazanyiswa, phakathi kwesidlo. Ngokujwayelekile, ngemva kokuphumula, imisebenzi ibuyiselwa.
3. Ubuthakathaka emisipha yemilenze nentamo. Iziguli azikwazi bangabamba ikhanda ngokulinganayo, i-gait iphukile, kunzima ukuphakamisa izandla noma ngisho nokuvuka esihlalweni. Kulokhu, ngisho nomthwalo omncane ngokomzimba ukwandisa ukubonakaliswa kwesifo.

I-Myasthenia gravis ingazibonakalisa kokubili ifomu lendawo futhi elahlelekile, elibhekwa njengelikhudlwana, ngoba lingalimaza imisebenzi yesistimu yokuphefumula. Lesi sifo sinomphumela oqhubekayo, ngokubonakala kwamazwe ase-myasthenic ahlala isikhathi eside, hhayi ukudlula ekuphumuleni, kanye nezinkinga ze-myasthenic, ezingabangela ukufa. Ngakho-ke, uma unayo izimpawu, udinga ukubona udokotela.