I-otitis media enhle iwukuvuvukala okusheshayo kwezindlebe zomphakathi we-infectious nature. Lesi sifo sibangelwa amagciwane, amabhaktheriya noma isikhunta. Kukhona namacala lapho i-otitis ine-etiology ye-viral-bacterial. Njengomthetho, ukutheleleka kusuka ezindaweni eziseduze kungena ku-tympanum. Izinto ezibangela lesi sifo yizi:
- i-hypothermia yomzimba ngokumelene nesizinda sokukhulelwa kwengculazi;
- muva nje wabulala izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- izifo ezingapheli zezidakamizwa zase nasopharynx, nasal;
- ukulimala indlebe.
Ubungani bokuvuvukala emsakazweni we-otitis omningi
Kunezigaba ezilandelayo ze-otitis media:
- i-catarrhal;
- i-serous (exudative);
- i-purulent.
I-catarrhal i-otitis imithombo yabezindaba ivame ukukhula ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Ukuvuvukala okuvela ekhondweni eliphezulu lokuphefumula kuthatha izinambuzane ezimangcwabeni zethubhu lokuhlola futhi kubangele ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yayo yokuvivinya, yokuphuza umoya nokucwenga. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ukucindezela emgodleni wezindlebe, i-transudate - isiliva esingenalo ukuvuvukala - igeleza kusukela nasopharynx.
I-serous enhle (exudative) otitis media iqala ngokuqhubeka kwe-catarrhal otitis. Kulesi simo, uketshezi olukhishwe ku-tympanum luba nokuvuvukala. Ukwelashwa okwenziwe ngokugcwele kulesi sigaba sesifo kuholela ekubuyiseleni. Ukungabikho kokwelashwa okufanayo kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni i-fibrosing otitis media, eyakhiwe ezicukwaneni zendlebe ephakathi, izibazi ziholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzwa okuqhubekayo.
Umsakazo we-otitis ovuthayo owodwa-ukuvuvukala kwe-purulent ye-membrane yamangqamuzana yesikhumba se-tympanic nokuthunjwa kwezinye izingxenye zendlebe ephakathi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-periosteum. I-excretion ye-pus iholela ekufakeni isilonda nokukhukhula. Ukuqoqwa kwamanzi okushisa kungabangela ukuba ulwelwesi lwe-tympanic lukhuphuke ngaphandle. Uma isiguli singasisi, isiguli singase sibhekane ne-perforation ye-membrane nokuphuma kwe-pus out.
Ukwelashwa kwe-acute otitis media
I-otitis media enhle ithathwa njengesiphalamende, isibhedlela siyabonakala kuphela uma izinkinga zikhula. Isiguli sinqunywe indlebe ye-ear-anesthetics:
- I-Otinum ;
- I-Otypax;
- Anauran, njll.
Ukulungiswa endlebeni kufanele kufakwe emzimbeni wokushisa komzimba, futhi emva kwenkambiso, faka umgudu wezindlebe nge swab coton ngeVaseline.
Ngaphezu kwe-anesthetics, ama-otitis abezindaba asebenzisa amaconsi e-vasoconstrictive:
- I-Halazolin;
- Otrivin;
- I-Sanorin;
- I-Nazivin.
Ukwelashwa okuvamile kuyenziwa ngosizo lwe:
- izidakamizwa eziphikisayo (Diclofenac, Nurofen);
- ama-antibiotics (i-Spiramycin, i-Cefuroxin, i-Amoxicillin);
- kusho ukungcola kwemfihlo (Fluimutsil, ATSTS).
Umphumela wokwelashwa okusheshayo uyagcinwa lapho ithubhu yokucwaninga iqhutshwa futhi ihlanzwa ngezixazululo zama-antibiotic. Lezi zinqubo zokwelashwa zingenziwa kuphela ngosazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-physiotherapy (UHF, i-UFO) inqunywe.