I-primer yokudla okunomsoco yezitshalo ze-aquarium iqukethe inqwaba yezinto eziwusizo ezihlinzeka ngamanzi ohlelweni lwempande lwezingcweti zokuhlobisa, ngokukhula kwabo okungcono, ukuthuthukiswa nokubhekana nokucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokutshala nokuqaliswa kwe-aquarium.
Udinga izakhi emanzini?
Inhlabathi ye-Aquarium enezakhi, izinkomba zayo zekhwalithi nezakhi ezilinganisiwe zibaluleke kakhulu ekusungulweni nasekuphileni kwe-aquarium. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lusebenza njenge-biofilter ephumelelayo elwa namakhemikhali e-nitrogen, ngakolunye uhlangothi kusiza ukukhula okunethezeka kwamaqembu athile wezitshalo ze-aquarium. Ama-aquarist amaningi awaziwayo aveza izimpawu eziningi eziwusizo wenhlabathi enezakhi zezitshalo ze-aquarium, ngosizo lwazo:
- kunomsoco wezakhi ezinomsoco ezingadingekile;
- ukumnyama nokubola kwezimpande kukhishiwe;
- izitshalo zithola imishini edingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni;
- Amaminerali akha amanzi alinganisiwe futhi angathinti izinga le-pH.
Iyiphi i-primer engcono kakhulu kwezitshalo ze-aquarium?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi hlobo luni lomhlabathi oludingekayo ezitshalweni ze-aquarium, qhubeka nokuphi uhlobo lwezinto eziphilayo ohlela ukuzisebenzisa, kuyoba yini ubuningi babo, ukubunjwa kwekhwalithi ye-substrate kumele kuhlangabezane nezimfuneko zokuqukethwe kwabo. Ukuze uthole ukukhetha okunengqondo kwenhlabathi ye-aquarium yakho, udinga ukucabanga kusengaphambili hhayi kuphela ngezinhlobo zezinhlanzi nezitshalo, kodwa futhi mayelana nokuklanywa jikelele, kunezinqubo ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile okufanele zicatshangelwe:
- Izitshalo ezinezimpande ezingakhiwa phansi, inhlabathi enesakhiwo esihlelekile isadingeka;
- Isistimu yezimpande ezinamandla idinga ingxenyenamba eqinile noma ephakathi;
- Ubuningi bomhlabathi obufanele izitshalo eziningi ngu-5-7 cm;
- isici esibalulekile ukudla kwenhlabathi, khetha okunye okucebile nge-microelements;
- Umhlabathi omuhle kakhulu wemvelo, wemvelo.
Ukuqina komsoco ku-aquarium
Umhlabathi wezitshalo ze-aquarium kubalulekile njengomthombo wokudla okunomsoco ohlelweni lwempande futhi njengenjaza yamanzi , ukuvimbela ukukhiqiza amabhaktheriya. Uma ungqimba lomhlabathi luncane kakhulu, ungaphansi kwamamentimitha amathathu, awukwazi ukuvimbela ukukhula kwama-bacterial anaerobic. Emhlabathini, izinto eziphilayo zixazulula, ukuze zingagcini kuso, ubukhulu besendlalelo buyadingeka ngo-4-5 cm, imingcele enjalo ifanele inombolo enkulu yezitshalo.
Ungasebenzisa indlela yokubeka izingqimba ezintathu zenhlabathi ku-aquarium:
- ingxenye engezansi (2-4 cm) - laterite ehlotshiswe ngensimbi noma igravel, enezinhlayiya zobumba, isetshenziselwa ukuqukethe amapelisi kulowo okufaka umanyolo obuningi obunamaminerali;
- ungqimba ongaphakathi (2 cm) - umhlaba ohlanganiswe ne-peat nesihlabathi, unganezela amabhola ngobumba, umanyolo kanye nokudla;
- ungqimba olungenhla (4-5 cm) - igrafu elincane elihlanganiswe nesihlabathi, likhonza ukumboza ungqimba ongaphambilini, olungashukumisa amanzi, kulula ukubeka amatshe okuhlobisa noma ezinye izinto ezihlose ukuhlobisa umklamo we-aquarium.
Ukugijima kwamanzi emhlabathini onomsoco
Ukuqala i-aquarium kunquma izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ozozibona kulo, futhi ngalesi sisekelo, uthenge noma wenze inhlabathi efanelekayo izakhamuzi nezitshalo ze-aquarium. Inqubo yokuzakhela i-aquarium yenziwa ngezigaba eziningana:
- Ngemva kokugcoba i-aquarium ngamanzi agijima, uthele inhlabathi kuwo, futhi ugeze futhi uhlanganiswe nohlu, ungqimba lu-2-3 cm;
- Faka isihlungi nesistimu yokukhanyisa;
- gcwalisa i-aquarium efudumele (ngaphansi kuka-+25 degrees) ngamanzi, kuze kube yingxenye yevolumu. Thela kahle, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inhlabathi;
- Tshala izitshalo ngokubeka abade kunazo zonke eduze nodonga olungemuva, ukukhulula insimu yokudoba inhlanzi;
- engeza amanzi ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube uphawu olukhethekile lwe-aquarium;
- vula isihlungi nokukhanyisa ;
- zihlanganisa ama-biocultures adingekayo azosungula ukulinganisela kwemvelo yamanzi, ungakwazi ukwengeza umquba, ukuze uthuthukise kangcono izimpande zezitshalo. Isikhathi esithile, qapha ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezinhlelo zokusekela impilo, izinkomba zokushisa kanye nezimo zamanzi;
- lapho ukukhanyisa kuvaliwe (ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka), wehlise inhlanzi ibe yi-aquarium imizuzu engu-5-10 ebhodini lokuthumela, ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa, bese ukhulula iphakheji, uligcwalise ngamanzi e-aquarium bese ukhulula inhlanzi;
- ngosuku lokuqala lokuhlala e-aquarium musa ukuzama ukuncelisa izinhlanzi, emva kokucindezeleka abaye bakubona, bangashiya ukudla, kungcono ukukwenza ekuseni.
I-Primer for izitshalo ze-aquarium ngezandla zabo
I-primer yokuthenga izakhi ezitshalweni ze-aquarium inekhwalithi elilodwa elihle - li-granular, lokhu kuqeda ukubukeka kwe-turbidity, kodwa kubhekene nezindleko zokwengeziwe ezengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, abaqalayo abaningi be-aquarists bacabanga ukuthi bangayenza kanjani inhlabathi enomsoco we-aquarium ngokwabo.
Awekho amafemu awaziwayo adalule uhlu lwezithako kanye nesilinganiso sabo sokulinganisa, kodwa izakhi eziyinhloko ezisetshenzisiwe zisasaziwa. Kunezici eziningana ezidingekayo:
- I-Organic. Lokhu kungaba njengensimu yezitshalo, nomquba, ukwenza imisebenzi yokwehlukanisa inhlabathi nokugcwalisa izakhi.
- I-Clay. Iphethe umthwalo wokuqoqa, wandisa impilo yomsebenzi wenhlabathi enezakhi.
- Peat. Inikeza izinga elifanele le-asidi kanye nezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwezimpande zezitshalo.
- I-Microelements. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izithasiselo ezikhethekile ezinomphumela omude, ezithengiswa ezitolo, zisetshenziselwa amanani amancane.
- Isebenze ikhoni. Inani elincane lizovikela ngokumelene ne-toxin ngokubola.
- Sand. Ikhulisa ivolumu.