Izazi zezokwelapha zihlukile, ngakho akubona wonke umuntu ongatshela ukuthi isiphi isazi se-audiologist, ukuthi ungubani nokuthi yiziphi izimo zokubhekana nazo. Lo dokotela akakho kuwo wonke umtholampilo, ngakho isidingo sokuvakashela kuye kuvame ukubonakala ngengozi.
Ubani lokhu futhi yini ephilisa isazi se-audiologist?
Uma kwakukhona umbuzo othi "udokotela ungumhlengikazi wezilwane - ngubani lo", kunamathuba aphakeme ukuthi akudingeki ukuvakashela lochwepheshe. Lona i-otolaryngologist encane-iphrofayili encane, onentshisekelo ekutadisheni izibalo zezinhlangano zokuzwa. Kuyasiza ngezifo ezibangelwa ukubeletha nokutholwa, kukhona ochwepheshe abenza imisebenzi yokubuyisela umsebenzi ojwayelekile wendlebe. Ukuxilongwa kokuzwa kuyingxenye yentshisekelo yaloluchwepheshe, kodwa kuphela uma kukhona ukusola kokusebenza kabi, izitho ezihlobene.
Uthini umhlengikazi?
Isiqondiso esiyinhloko somsebenzi ukukhomba nokwelapha izifo zezinzwa zokulalela. Umsunguli wezinto eziphilayo, ngesisekelo sezinkinga ezikhonjiwe, ukhetha izindlela zokubuyisela umsebenzi ojwayelekile noma uncoma usizo lokuzwa. Thola ukuthi yini eyenziwa yi-audiologist, ubala abantu abangu-10% abanezinombolo ezihlukahlukene zezinkinga zokuzwa. Isikhathi esithile umuntu angase angacabangi ngisho nokuba khona kwabo, ngoba ubuchopho buyaqedela abangaboniwe.
Ukuze uthole ukuthi isiphi isazi sezidakamizwa esithathayo, ubani okumele athole ukwelashwa, abantu ababeka engozini ku:
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- umkhuba wokulalela umculo ophezulu ekhanda;
- umsakazo we-otitis osindayo;
- bahlale njalo ezindaweni ezinomsindo ophakeme;
- ukulimala kwekhanda;
- ukuthatha imithi (antibiotic ye-neurotoxic);
- izinkinga zezifo;
- ukuphazanyiswa kokuzalwa kwangaphakathi kwesakhiwo sezitho zokuzwa.
Uphi ukwelapha izidakamizwa?
Uchwepheshe angabeka imithi, enze inqubo ye-physiotherapy noma inqubo yokuhlinzwa. Okushiwo yi-master-surdologist, ngubani osevele ecacile, uhlala eqonda ukuthi yiziphi izimo angasiza ngazo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphulwa okulandelayo.
- Isifo sikaMénière , esibonakala ngokunqotshwa kwezindlebe eziphakathi, okuholela ekuzweni umsindo ezindlebeni nasekulahlekelweni kokuzwa.
- I-otosclerosis.
- I-neurinoma ye-Acoustic iyisisu esinamandla esiholela ekungalingani.
- Ukulahleka kokuzwa kwe-Aural.
- Ukulimala kwendwangu ye-tympanic.
- Memeza ezindlebeni . Isifo esithathwa yi-audiologist kufanele sibe yingxenye yamakhono akhe, okungukuthi, leyo miphumela akufanele ibangelwe izinkinga zezinye izinhlelo zomzimba.
- Ukuzwa ukulahlekelwa ngenxa yomsindo. Ciza umsindo ophakeme kakhulu ungabangela ukuhlukana kwendwangu ye-tympanic nokulimaza amangqamuzana ezinwele, umphumela uzogcwalisa isithulu.
Nini ukubiza ucwaningo lwezilwane?
Akuwona wonke ama-polyclinic onalo mchwepheshe, ngakho ukwamukela umelaphi wezokuzwa kungenziwa ngesinyathelo somuntu siqu ogulayo. Bheka udokotela uma izinkinga ezilandelayo zenzeka.
- Ukunciphisa ubuningi bokuzwa.
- Umsindo kanye nobuhlungu ezindlebeni.
- Izinkinga ekunqumeni umthombo womsindo.
- Izinkinga ezinengqondo yokukhuluma. Isebenza nakwabantwana, kaningi abakwazi ukuqala ukukhuluma ngenxa yale nkinga. Kulokhu, umsakazo wezingane uzokusiza.
- Kudingeka ukwandise ivolumu ye-TV noma umsakazo.
- Ukungaqondakali kwenkulumo ngesikhathi sokuxoxa ngocingo.
Usamukela kanjani umamukeli?
Ekuhambeni kokuqala, udokotela kumele enze lokhu okulandelayo:
- ukutadisha umlando wezokwelapha;
- ukuhlola;
- ukuhlolwa kwamandla okuzwa;
- ukuhlolwa komngcwabo wezindlebe.
Ngokusekelwe kolwazi olwamukelwe, ukwamukela udokotela wezidakamizwa kuyaqhubeka nokuqokwa kwelashwa noma ucwaningo olwengeziwe. Kungaba:
- iTympanometry - ukuhlolwa kokuzwa ngezikhathi ezahlukene kanye nesimo se-tube yokuhlola;
- i-electrocochleography - isetshenziselwa ukuzwa izindlebe ezithandekayo, isizungu;
- i-otomicroscopy;
- i-reflexometry;
- i-audiometry.
Udokotela angaluleka isiguli ukuthi axoxe nabanye ochwepheshe bezinye izinhlaka - isazi sezinzwa, udokotela wezingane, udokotela ohlinzayo, i-cardiologist. Kuyadingeka ekukhunjweni kwezifo, izibalo ezihlanganisa ukukhathazeka kokuzwa. Isiboniso esivamile sokuncoma okunjalo ukukhona komsindo ezindlebeni, lesi sibonakaliso singakhuluma ngezinkinga ngomgogodla noma emithanjeni yegazi.
I-audiologist ihlola kanjani ukuzwa?
Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwakukhona indlela eyodwa kuphela yokwakha ikhwalithi yokuzwa: udokotela wadlwengula izwi futhi wabuza isiguli ukuba siyiphinde. Manje le ndlela isetshenziselwa, ungabona ngisho nokuthi isazi se-audiologist sihlolisisa kanjani ukuzwa kwengane ngosizo lwakhe, kodwa kunezinye izindlela ezihlukile. Zisetshenziselwa ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe nokuthola ukuzwa kwezingane ezincane. Esikhathini esilandelayo, imisebenzi yenzelwa:
- ukucwaninga kokuzindla;
- ukucindezelwa kwendlebe ephakathi;
- incazelo yokumelana kwama-acoustic emgodini wangaphandle wokuhlola;
- ukuhlaziywa komsebenzi wekhanda le-tympanic.
Amathiphu we-audiologist
Ukuze ungazitholi ukuthi ngubani lo wesazi sezidakamizwa, futhi ukubhalisa naye ekwamukelwa, udinga ukugcina izinyathelo zokuqapha. Ngisho noma zingekho izinkinga zokuzwa, asikho isidingo sokuzwa umkhawulo wokukhuthazela komuntu siqu. Ukunganaki ukuhlolwa okuvamile nakho akusifisi, isazi se-audiologist-audiologist singabuyisa ukuzwa noma sithuthukise kakhulu izinga lempilo, kodwa kungcono ukungamniki izizathu ezingadingekile zokusebenza.
Indlela yokugcina ukuzwa?
Uchwepheshe wezinto eziphilayo akusizi nje kuphela ukuqeda izinkinga eziye zavela futhi ukhethe ukusiza okuzwakalayo okuzwayo, kodwa futhi utshela indlela yokugcina ukuzwa kuze kube sesikhulile.
Izincomo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- Ukwelapha. Umkhuhlane ovamile ungaholela ezinkingeni zomphimbo nendlebe, futhi uma ukunakekelwa okwanele kuzoholela ekwehleni kokuzwa.
- Imithi. Ezinye izidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi ama-antibiotic, nokusetshenziswa okungalawulwa kungalimaza isimo sokulalelwa. Kungcono ukubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi enjalo.
- Ukuvikelwa. Uma uvakashela echibini noma uhlala ogwini, kuphakanyiswa ukuvikela izindlebe zakho emanzini. Ama-earplugs afanelekayo noma i-cotton swabs, ehlanganiswe ne-petroleum jelly noma amafutha yemifino.
- Umsindo. Ingozi yomsindo ingaphezu kwama-decibel angu-80, enokuhlala njalo ezindaweni ezidlula umngcele, udinga ukusebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile.
- Ukucindezela. Endizeni ngesikhathi sokufika nokuqedwa, udinga ukuvula umlomo wakho ukulinganisa ukucindezela, futhi ngemuva kokuba indiza izoba usizo ukuhlala okuncane ngokuthula. Endabeni yokuhudula ngokudonsa, umuntu akufanele anqabe imithetho yesikole ukuze angatholi i-barotrauma.
- Ama-plugs we-Sulfuric. Kungcono ukubeka ochwepheshe ukuba abasuse.
- Ukungabikho kokulayisha ngokweqile. Ukuzwa izitho zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zangaphandle, ngokuhlala njalo endaweni yomsindo okhulayo, ukuzwela komcwaningi wokuhlola kuzoncipha.