Lesi sifo kubhekwa njengesikhathi esibucayi sokuqala kwesifo senhliziyo senhliziyo, esichazwa ngengozi ephezulu ye-infarction ye-myocardial noma ukufa. Angina engazinzile ihambisana nenqubo yezinguquko efomini kanye nemvelo yokuhlaselwa kwe-angina. Ukubonakaliswa kwe-pathology kusivumela ukuba sikubheke njengengaphakathi phakathi kwe- infarction ye- myocardial ne-angina pectoris, kodwa izinga le-ischemia alanele ukwenza imbangela ye-myocardial necrosis.
Ama-angina-ahlukene angaguquki futhi angakhawuleki
I-angina ipectoris eqinile evela emzimbeni othile. Isibonelo, isiguli siyazi ukuthi uzozizwa engavamile, emva kokuhamba isigamu sekhilomitha. Uyazi nokuthi kungenzeka ukuba unqobe isifo sobuhlungu ngokuthatha i-nitroglycerin.
Ukuziqhenya kwenkambo engaqiniseki ye-angina ukuthi izibonakaliso zayo zingazibonakalisa lapho umuntu esesimweni sokumisa, futhi ukuthatha amaphilisi amabili e-nitroglycerin ngeke asisize ukuqeda ubuhlungu. Leli fomu lesi sifo lihlanganisa i-angina, eyatholwa kuqala.
Ngokuvamile, uhlobo olungaqiniseki lwesifo yisimo esandulele i-infarction . Ngakho-ke, emva kwe-angina pectoris, i-convalescence noma i-infarction ye-myocardial kungenzeka.
Angest pectoris engazinzile - ngezigaba
Ngokuvamile, uma ucabangela lesi sifo sebenzisa izigaba ezakhiwe yiBraunwald, owazile izigaba ezintathu zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo. Kulokhu, ukuphakama ekilasini, kungenzeka ukuthi kunezimo ezinzima:
- Ukubukeka kokubonakala kokuqala kwe-angina engazinzile yokuhlupha izinyanga ezimbili.
- I-angina yokuphumula, ephazamisayo phakathi nenyanga yonke ngaphandle kwamahora angu-48 okugcina.
- Ifomu elimangalisayo lama-angina emahoreni angu-48 edlule.
Izimpawu ezingenakwenzeka ze-angina
Lesi sifo sihambisana nokuhlaselwa, kodwa uma ulungisa i-anamnesis, ungakwazi ukubona izimpawu zokuqhubeka okungaqiniseki angina:
- Imvamisa yokwanda kwezingcuphu kanye nokuguquka ngokwemvelo yenkambo yabo, eyabonakala ezinyangeni ezimbili zokugcina;
- ukutholakala kokushona ebusuku nokuphumula;
- cishe okokuqala okokuzibonakalisa i-angina ukubonakala kokugubha;
- ngaphambili kwasiza i-nitroglycerin yalahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-angina engazinzile
Ukuthola izimpawu zesifo kuhlinzekela izibhedlela eziphuthumayo. Iziguli zinqunywe i-ECG, umnikelo wegazi wokuhlaziywa, ukuhamba kwe-myocardial scintigraphy. Inqubo yokwelapha kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezilingo ezilindile odokotela.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kuqukethe ukukhululeka kobuhlungu, ukuvimbela izimpawu ezintsha ze-angina engazinzile nokushaywa yisifo se-myocardium. Ngenxa yokuthi imbangela yalesi sifo ijwayele ukubhujiswa kwe-plaque eyakhiwe ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-thrombus, isiguli sigxile ikakhulukazi i-aspirin, i-beta-blockers, i-nitrate.
Ama-nitrate asetshenziselwa ukusebenza kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Ngosizo lwabo, yandisa imithanjeni, unciphise ukucindezelwa okutholakala yi-ventricles. Lezizinto nazo zinempahla yokuhlanza i-coronary kanye nekhono lokuvimbela ukwakheka kwe-thrombi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-beta-adrenoreceptors kunganciphisa inani lezinyosi zenhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukufunwa kwe-oxygen okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-myocardium. Futhi, lesi sidakamizwa sandisa isikhathi sokukhipha ama-coronary perfusion, okwenza kube lula ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi ku-myocardium.
I-aspirin inqanda umsebenzi we-cyclooxygenase, okuholela ekhiqizweni kwe-thromboxane, into enesakhiwo se-vasoconstrictor. Ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-aspirin, ingozi yokubunjwa kwe-thrombus iyancipha.