Ukuhlukaniswa kokulimala kuvumela odokotela ukuba banqume ngokunembile izindlela nokuphathwa kwalolu hlobo lokulimala.
Ukushiswa kokuqala kokuqala
Lona ukulimala okushisayo okulula. Ukufanisa ukubomvu nokuvuvukala okuncane. I-degree yokuqala ishisa ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokuphathwa okhethekile uma kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-5 kuya kwezingu-12. Cishe ayishiyi lutho, ngaphandle kokukhanya okubonakalayo kwesikhumba, okugcina futhi kudlule. Kodwa uma uthola ukushisa kokuqala, udinga ukulinganisa ubukhulu bokulimala. Kwezinye izimo kufanelekile ukwenze isinqumo mayelana nesidingo sokwelashwa:
- uma i-degree yokuqala ishisa ithatha okungaphezu kwezingu-10% zomzimba;
- esimweni lapho i-degree yokuqala ishisa, ithatha ngaphezu kwe-1% yomzimba, ithinta ubuso, izandla, izinyawo;
- ukushiswa kwamajwabu amehlo kanye namehlo.
Ubufakazi obunjalo bubangelwa ukuthi i-hyperthermia yengxenye enkulu yomzimba ingaholela ekwephuleni ukuguqulwa komzimba wonke, futhi ibuye ibe negalelo ekuthuthukiseni ukwethuka kobuhlungu.
I-degree yesibili ishisa
Ukushisa okunjalo kubhekisela ekulimaleni kolunye uhlobo olulula, ngaphandle kokunqotshwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu zomzimba noma izitho ezisetshenziswa kakhulu (amehlo, izinkophezelo, izandla, izinyawo). Ikhula ngokumelene nesizinda somthelela onamandla wezinto ezishisayo noma zamakhemikhali. Imvelo yeso sigameko iwubuqili obunamandla nokuvuvukala kwesikhumba ngokubonakala kwe-blisters egcwele uketshezi olucacile. Kanye nokushiswa kwezinga lokuqala, ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka kuphela lapho kwenzeka ukutholakala okukhulu kwezilonda zesikhumba noma izilonda ebusweni, izandla, izinyawo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma ukwelapha i-degree yesibili ukushisa, akufanele uphule igobolondo le-blister noma ususe uketshezi kubo.
Kungcono ezimweni ezinjalo ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ukwephulwa kwemvilophu kwenzeka ngokwemvelo noma ukubona udokotela.
I-third degree burn
Lokhu ukulimala okunzima kakhulu okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi indawo noma usayizi. Kukhona ama-subspecies amabili okushisa kwesithathu: 3A no-3B. Imvelo ye-3A ukushisa ihlukaniswa umonakalo ohlangothini olujulile lwe-epidermis, kanye ne-dermis, ukwakha kancane kancane kwe-tema u-edema nezihlungu ezibuhlungu ezishesha ngokushesha.
Ukunciphisa isifo sobuhlungu kuhlotshaniswa ne-necrosis yokuphela kwezinzwa. Ama-blisters angase engekho, kodwa, njengomthetho, kanye nokushisa kwesithathu, ukushiswa kwezinga lokuqala nelesibili likhona. Ngakho-ke, ama-bubbles angabonakala emaphethelweni enxeba elishisayo. Njengoba ukuphulukiswa kokushisa okunjalo, izicubu ezifa zibuye zithathelwe ezinye ezintsha. Ngokuvamile lokhu kuthunyelwa kwenzeka ngokubukeka kanzima. Ebonakala ngokubheja ezandleni nasemuva kwezandla. Ngokushisa kwe-3B, isihluthulelo sesikhumba esijulile senziwa ngokubunjwa kwesikhumba. Ukwenqaba izicubu ze-necrotic kwenzeka kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-12, bese kuqala ukuphulukiswa kwesilonda esishisayo. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwesithathu kungahlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-30.
Izinhlobo namazinga okushisa
Ukuzimisela kwezinga lokushisa kuncike ekutheni kutholakala kanjani ukushisa. Izinhlobo zokushisa:
- ukushisa;
- amakhemikhali;
- ugesi.
Ngakho, uhlukanise amazinga alandelayo wokushisa okushisayo:
- I-1-st - ukuhlukunyezwa okungokwenyama kwesikhumba nge-reddening elula kanye ne-hypostasis engadingekile;
- Umonakalo wesibili wesikhumba nokubunjwa kwe-edema ne-blisters eneqhwa elicacile;
- I-3 (A & B) - umonakalo wesikhumba ojulile olandelwa yi-necrosis yazo zonke izingqimba zesikhumba sesikhumba;
- Ukulimala okuyi-4 nokujulile kwesikhumba, ngaphansi kwesisu, imisipha noma ngisho namathambo amathambo, ukuphela kwemizwa kanye namathenda, okulandelwa yi-necrosis yazo zonke izindawo ezithintekayo.
Amazinga okushisa kwamakhemikhali ahlukaniswe ngesilinganiso esifanayo ne-thermal. Kodwa isikhathi semvelo yesisindo esinobudlova kubalulekile. Isibonelo, ukwelashwa kwama-acid okushisa ngekhadididi kuzohluka ngezindlela zokuphatha ukushisa ngama-alkali.
Izinga lokushisa kagesi kunzima ukunquma, ngoba kukhona ukulimala kwangaphakathi kwezicubu, ezingabonakali ekuqaleni. Ukushisa ugesi, ezimweni eziningi (uma kungekho voltage ephakeme kakhulu ishisa ngokushisa okulandelayo okushisa) kubonakala njengamaphuzu amabili emaceleni kokubili okufakwayo nokukhipha kwamandla kagesi. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa kagesi lihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine.