Izifanekiso zaseKorea

Inkolo yendabuko eNingizimu Korea yiBuddhism, iqhutshwa ngu-22.8% wabantu. Elizweni, ubuKristu, amaSulumane nama-shamanism nawo wonke umhlaba. Ukuze izakhamuzi zendawo zithole ithuba lokukhulekela onkulunkulu bazo, amathempeli ahlukahlukene atholakala kulo lonke izwe.

Ulwazi olujwayelekile ngama-Buddhist shrines

Isiqondiso esivamile kakhulu sobuBuddha embusweni yiMahayana noma i- "Great Chariot". Ibonakala ngesimo seZen futhi inezikole ezingu-18. Okudumile kunazo zonke yi-Choge.

Emakhulwini eminyaka amaningana, ubuBuddha buye baba nethonya elinamandla ekubunjweni kwamasiko kanye namasiko ezweni. Ukubonakaliswa kwenkolo kungabonakala emidwebo eminingi, imibukiso, imidwebo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamadolobha. Ukubonakaliswa okucacile kakhudlwana kule nkolelo yizethempelini zomlando ezitholakala kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Korea.

Inani labo lidlula izinkulungwane eziyi-10, ezinye zifakwe ohlwini lweMagugu Lomhlaba we-UNESCO, ezinye zingumcebo kazwelonke waseKorea. Amathempeli amaningi aseBuddhist agcina izinto eziyigugu nezinsimbi ezivulekile. Cishe wonke amagama amathempeli afakwa isilawuli "-sa", ehumusha ngokuthi "ithempeli".

Isakhiwo ngasinye sinezakhiwo zayo kanye nomhlobiso, kepha kuzo zonke izindawo zithi:

1. Gates Ilchkhulmun (ngokusekelwa okulodwa) - kuthiwa yiHathalmun. Zibonisa ubunye bomzimba nomphefumulo we-pilgrim, kanye nesifiso sakhe sokwazi ukuthi uqobo lwakhe luni. Ukuwela lo mzila, izivakashi zihamba emhlabeni ovamile futhi zingene embusweni kaBuddha.
2. Imifanekiso yase-Pudo- ovoid enezinsika zangempela. Nansi umlotha wama-monks ashisayo nama-ringlets (amabhola), okufakazela ubungcwele bomuntu oshonile. Amakholwa athola isibusiso eduze nalezi zikhumbuzo.
3. I-Cheonvanmun isango lamakhosi asezulwini, ayenziwa njengamanye amazwe ahloniphekile futhi aklanyelwe ukuxosha imimoya emibi. Ngokuvamile banama-pagoda, idrako, ama-saber noma umcibisholo ezandleni zabo.
4. I-Pulimun yindlela yokuya e-nirvana noma inkululeko. Zifanekisela ukuvuswa kwengqondo nokuba yindlela yenkolo.
5. Igceke elingaphakathi - imingcele yalo emkhakheni wezakhiwo zichazwe izakhiwo ezehlukene, lapho izintshumayelo, ukuzindla kanye nokucwaninga kwe-dharma kuqhutshwa.

Amathempeli amaBuddha angu-10 adume kakhulu eKorea

Elizweni kunezinombolo eziningi zamathempeli, edume kakhulu kunazo zonke:

1. Sinhyntsa - itholakala emthambekeni we- Soraksan entabeni . Ukwakhiwa kubhekwa njengethempeli elidala kunazo zonke zeZen Buddhism emhlabeni. Yakhiwa ngo-653 AD, emva kwalokho yabhujiswa izikhathi eziningana ngenxa yemililo futhi yabuyiselwa futhi. Kukhona isithombe esikhulu sikaBuddha, senziwe ngethusi futhi sinesisindo esingamathani angu-108.
2. Ithempeli lezinkulungwane zamaBuddha lisendaweni yehlathi lamahlathi kulelizwe. Uyisethi yemidwebo emide kaShayamamuni, ehlangene embuthanweni. Phakathi nendawo isithombe esiyimitha-mitha seBodhisattva esithathwe ngethusi futhi ehlezi kwi-lotus.
3. I-Ponyns iyithempeli lasendulo elisenhloko-dolobha yezwe emthambekeni weNtaba yeSudo. I-shrine yakhiwe ngo-794, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 laliqothulwa ngokuphelele. Okwamanje isakhiwo sibuyiselwe ngokuphelele futhi sithatha abahambi. Bonke abavakashele lapha bangaphinda baphinde baphinde bajabulele usuku oluthile emonini futhi bazizwele kuye konke okujabulisayo empilweni enjalo.
4. I-Haeins ingenye yamathempeli amadume kakhulu eBuddhist esifundazweni esimele iDharma. Lapha kugcinwa imibhalo engcwele ye "Tripitaka Koreana", inombolo yayo engaphezu kuka-80 000. Zidweqwe ngamapulangwe enziwe ngamapulangwe futhi zifakwe ohlwini lweMagugu Lomhlaba we-UNESCO. I-shrine itholakala esifundeni saseKensan-Namdo eNtabeni iKayasan .
5. I-Pulgux - igama lesakhiwo lihunyushwe ngokuthi "indawo yezindela zezwe lamaBuddha." I-monastery ihlanganisa izinto ezingu-7, eziyiMali kaZwelonke. Ithempeli ngokwayo lifakwe ohlwini lweMagugu Lomhlaba we-UNESCO (kanye ne- grotto yeSokkuram ). Nasi isibonelo sokuqala sencwadi ephrintiwe emhlabeni, eyenziwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-VIII AD. ephepheni laseJapane.
6. I-Thondosa - iyinkimbinkimbi yezindela ezihlala edolobheni laseYangsan emthambekeni weNtaba yaseYonchuksan. Lena enye yamathempeli asemqoka e-Order of Choge eNingizimu Korea. Lapha kugcinwa izinhlamvu zangempela zeBuddha kanye nengxenye yezingubo zakhe. Esigodini sezindela asikho isithombe esisodwa sikaShakyamuni, abahambeli bakhulekela kuphela izinto ezingcwele.
7. Ithempeli lasePomos liseBusan City eNingizimu Korea eNtabeni iKimjonsan . Liyinkimbinkimbi yethempeli, okuyinto endala kunazo zonke ezweni futhi inendawo enkulu. I-monastery yezinkuni yakhiwa ngo-678 yi-monk Yisan. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI, amaJapane ashisa indlu. Ngo-1613, ukuvuselelwa kwaqala lapha, ngenxa yokuthi insimu yanda.
8. I-Chogesa - ithempeli likhona engxenyeni eyinhloko yeSeoul futhi yinhliziyo ye-Korean Zen Buddhism. Isakhiwo esikhulu lapha iTaunjeong, esakhiwa ngo-1938. Ihlotshiswe ngamaphethini we-tanchon, futhi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo kukhona isithombe seBuddha Sokgamoni. Egcekeni lenkimbinkimbi ungabona i-pagoda eyisikhombisa, lapho umlotha wamakholi ugcinwa khona. Eduze umnyango ukhula 2 izihlahla zasendulo: i-pine emhlophe ne-sophora. Ukuphakama kwabo kufinyelela ku-26 m, kanti iminyaka idlula iminyaka engu-500.
9. UBonguunsa - ithempeli lisendaweni yaseSeoul futhi liyisendulo lasendulo. Yakhiwa ngekhulu le-VIII. I-shrine yakhiwa ngesitayela sezakhiwo zobuciko futhi ihlotswe ngemidwebo nemidwebo ye-filigree.
10. I-Hwännensa yithempeli legrako eliphuzi noma lenkosi. Kwakuyizikhungo zobuBuddha ngesikhathi seSilla. Lapha kugcinwa izinhlamvu zenkolo ezihlonishwa kakhulu, ezitholakala ngesikhathi sokucwaningwa kwezinto zakudala.

Amasonto angama-Orthodox eNingizimu Korea

Lesi siqondiso senkolo yobuKristu saqala ukukhuthaza kuleli zwe ngekhulu le-XIX. Lokhu kwaqondiswa umsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli weSonto Lama-Orthodox yaseRussia. Ngo-2011, inani lamakholwa lalilinganiselwa ku-3 000. Kunezinzalamizi ezimbili:

• umsebenzi ongokomoya ongowokubusa kweSonto Lobu-Orthodox laseRussia;
• I-Constantinople, enesifundazwe saseKorea esifundeni sezwe.

Uma ufuna ukuvakashela amasonto angama-Orthodox eKorea, ke unake amabandla anjalo:

1. ISonto laseSt. Nicholas laseMyra liseseSeoul. Yakhiwa ngo-1978 ngesitayela saseByzantine. Lapha ungabona izithombe ezimbili zasendulo: i-Monk Seraphim yeSarov noMama kaNkulunkulu weThikvin. Balethwa kuleli zwe yizithunywa zevangeli zokuqala. Izinkonzo zikaNkulunkulu esontweni zenziwa eKorea njalo ngeSonto.
2. ISonto LaseSt. George Elihlukumezayo - i-shrine itholakala eBusan, eduze kwesiteshi sesitimela. Izinsizakalo lapha zenzeka njalo ngeSonto lokugcina lenyanga enkulumweni yeSonto iSlavonic.
3. I-Church of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary Ebusisiwe - yakhiwa ngo-1982, futhi ngemva kweminyaka engu-18 kwakhiwe kabusha. Ngenxa yesilinganiso esinganele sezwe, i-monasteri inesitayela esingesiko se-Orthodoxy. Isonto lisendaweni yesiteji esine-4 esiteji sokugcina. Unayo isikole senkolo. Iphasishi ibanjelwa amakholwa aseKorea angu-200.

Yimaphi amanye amathempeli akhona eNingizimu Korea?

Kunamanye amasonto angamaKristu kuleli zwe, hhayi kuphela ama-Orthodox. Lokhu kufaka:

1. I-Yoyyido isonto lamaProthestani elisePentecostal eligcwele, elibhekwa njengelinye lamazwe amakhulu kunawo wonke futhi linamasonto angama-24 e-satellite. Insizakalo lapha iyenzeka ngeSonto ngezigaba ezingu-7, isakazwa emhlabeni wonke nge-satellite ithelevishini ngezilimi ezingu-16.
2. I-Mendon yiCathhedral yamaKatolika ye-Immaculate Conception ye-Blessed Virgin Mary. Isakhiwo siyisikhumbuzo somlando nesakhiwo futhi sisohlwini lwempahla kazwelonke ngaphansi kweNombolo 258. Nansi kungcwatshwa iziqu zabafel 'ukholo basekhaya abafa emzabalazweni wenkolo.