Uma umntwana okhulelwe eqala ukugula esibhedlela, odokotela akalizwanga i-alamu. Lokhu kuyinto evamile kakhulu futhi yemvelo, eyakhokhisa ukwelashwa okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, lapho esekhulile, amehlo aphuzi kanye nesikhumba kungabangela abazali ukuba bakhathazeke. Ziyini izibonakaliso zesifo sofuba futhi kufanele ngenzeni uma ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa? Ake sizame ukuqonda lo mbuzo.
I-hepatitis ezinganeni - izimpawu
Lapho nje ingane ifika ezweni futhi isesibhedlela, kubalulekile ukubeka imishanguzo emibili: eyodwa ngokumelene nesifo sofuba (okuthiwa yi-BCG), kanti eyesibili - ngokumelene nesifo sofuba esibhedlela B. Ukuqaphela igciwane akuyona ingozi. Kubantu abadala, lesi sifo senziwa ngezici zobuntu, futhi ezinganeni zingathuthuka kalula. Yingakho eneminyaka eyizinyanga ezintathu nezinyanga eziyisithupha, izingane ziphinde zenziwe kabusha. Umgomo wokulwa ne-hepatitis A unikezwa izingane ezineminyaka engama-3 futhi ziphinde zenziwe eminyakeni emithathu nengxenye. Kodwa-ke, akuyona igciwane njalo eliphoqelelwe emzimbeni wengane, kusiza ukugwema lesi sifo. Ngakho-ke, umzali ngamunye kufanele azi ukuthi angabona kanjani izimpawu ze-virus ezintathu ze-hepatitis enzalweni yakhe:
1. I- Hepatitis A. (isifo sikaBotkin). Ungangena emlonyeni ngokudla, kanye nangesiguli nale gciwane noma ngezandla ezingcolile. Ifomu ejwayelekile kakhulu yesifo sofuba. Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kubhekwa ngumkhuhlane ophezulu, izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane (ubuthakathaka, izikhukhula, ikhanda, ama-aches kuwo wonke umzimba). Khona-ke isibindi nesiphetho semathunjini siqala ukulimaza. Ezinganeni, lezi zimpawu ngeke zibonakale kalula. Ingane ingakhononda ubuhlungu nobukhulu ku-hypochondrium efanele futhi inqabe ukudla. Uhudo nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke. Ebusuku, ingane ingase ihlukunyezwe ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, kungenzeka ukuba umbala umchamo emgqeni wobhiya, kanti udoti luyabalazwa.
2. I- hepatitis B. (serum hepatitis). Okuyingozi kakhulu kunezinhlobo zangaphambili. Kungadluliselwa ngobisi lomama, igazi, amathe kanye nezinyembezi. Izimpawu ze-hepatitis B ezinganeni zinzima kakhulu ukunquma. Kodwa-ke, uma kungumbuzo walolu hlobo lwesifo, kufanelekile ukunaka izikhalazo nezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- izinsini eziphaphayo kanye ne-nosebleeds;
- ukwanda kwesibindi, ama-pancreatic ne-bile ducts;
- ukwanda kokushisa;
- ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungakwesokudla kwesisu
- ukushayeka esikhumbeni.
3. I- Hepatitis C. Ifomu eliyingozi kunazo zonke lesi sifo. Igciwane linempahla eguqukayo njalo, evumela ukuba iphile iminyaka eminingi emzimbeni womuntu. Izimpawu ezisemqoka zokutheleleka: ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, ukungabi nesifiso sokudla, ukubala kwesikhumba okuphuzi, ukumnyama komchamo kanye nokucaciswa kwesikhumba. Ngokuvamile, ngesifo, kungase kufike ukuthuthukiswa okucatshangelwayo, okungama-80% amacala okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi isifo sofuba esingapheli singenzeka. Ezinganeni, ingaba yinkimbinkimbi noma imnene.
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo luphathwa ngokuphumula kombhede kanye nokudla okuqukethe amafutha yemifino, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate angcolile, imifino emisha, izithelo namajusi. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwenhlalakahle nokuphumula, amalungiselelo okucholeretic kanye nemithi yokwenza ngcono izinqubo zamathambo ezinqamuzana zesibindi zengezwe ekwelapheni. Endabeni ye-hepatitis B, izidakamizwa ze-antiviral zingezwa. Ukushisa kwesibindi e-Congenital ezinganeni kuphathwa ngendlela efanayo, kepha ukugcina ukudla okunempilo kuyadingeka kuyo yonke impilo.