Ukuhlolwa kokubeletha

Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuhlola abesifazane abakhulelwe, okuvumela ukuthi kutholakale okungavamile okungalingani kwe-fetus, noma izibonakaliso ezingaqondile zezinkinga ezinjalo. Kubhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezilula kunazo zonke, eziphephile nokufundisa zokufundisa omama abalindele. Ukuhlolwa kuhloswe kulawo mahlolo aqhutshwa kakhulu, okungukuthi, kubo bonke abesifazane abakhulelwe ngaphandle kokunye.

Ucwaningo luqukethe izakhi ezimbili:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwesimo sezinto eziphilayo ngaphambi kokubeletha - ukuhlaziywa kwegazi elimnyama lomama ukucacisa izinto ezithile ezibonisa ukugula okukhethekile.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic ye-fetus.

Ukuhlolelwa ngaphambi kokubeletha kwe- trisomy kungenye yezifundo ezibaluleke kakhulu okungeyona impoqo, kodwa kunconywa ukuthi uma umama ozayo engaphezu kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, uma izingane ezinezifo ezingezansi zofuzo sezivele zizalwa emndenini, futhi uma kunomthwalo wefa. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kusiza ukukhomba ingozi, okungukuthi, okuyikho, amathuba okuzalwa kwengane ene-Edwards isifo (ama-chromosomes angu-trisomy angu-18 - ukungalungi okuningi kwezitho zangaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuphuza kwengqondo), isifo se-Down (i-trisomy 21 chromosomes) noma i-neural tube defect (isib. Ukuhlukanisa umgogodla), i-Patau syndrome (i-trisomy 13 ama-chromosomes - amaphutha amakhulu ezitho zangaphakathi nangaphandle, idiocy).

Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kwe-1 trimester

Esikhathini sesithathu sokuqala, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuthoma kwamaviki angu-10-14 futhi kuvumela ukunquma ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus kufana nesikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunokukhulelwa okuningi, ngabe umntwana ukhula ngendlela evamile. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-trisomy 13, 18 no-21 nayo ihlolwe. Udokotela we-ultrasound kumele alinganise isikhala esibizwa ngokuthi i-collar space (indawo lapho umthamo ukhiqiza khona entanyeni phakathi kwezicubu ezithambile nesikhumba) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okungajwayelekile ekuthuthukiseni ingane. Imiphumela ye-ultrasound iqhathaniswa nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi lomfazi (izinga le-hormone yokukhulelwa ne- RAPP-A ilinganiswa ). Ukuqhathaniswa okunjalo kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwekhompyutha olucabangela izici zomuntu ngamunye wesifazane okhulelwe.

Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kwe-trimester yesibili

Ku-trimester yesibili (emavikini angu-16 kuya ku-20), ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa nase-AFP, hCG nase-estriol yamahhala, futhi i-ultrasound ye-fetus yenziwa futhi ingozi ye-trisomy 18 no-21 ihlolwe. Uma kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi kukhona okungalungile ngane, khona-ke isiqondiso sinikezwa ukuhlola okungahambi kahle okuhlobene nokubhoboza kwesibeletho nokuqoqwa kwegazi le-amniotic fluid and fetal, kodwa ngo-1-2% wamacala enqubo enjalo yimbangela yokucindezeleka kokukhulelwa ngisho nokufa kwengane.

Ku-trimester yesithathu, emasontweni angu-32-34, i-ultrasound yenziwa ngenhloso yokuthola ukukhubazeka okutholwe isikhathi eside.