I-anemia ingaba yisifo esizimele, futhi njengesifo esivumelanayo eziningana zezifo. Kusukela olimini lwesiGreki, igama elithi "anemia" lihunyushwa ngokuthi i-anemia. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezibonakaliso ezivamile ze-anemia, isibonelo, ubuthakathaka, isizungu, isikhumba esilula, i-arrhythmia, i-dyspnea, nabanye.
Izinhlobo ze-anemia kubantu abadala
Ukubunjwa kwegazi kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu angenye yezingxenye zayo ezibalulekile. Isisekelo se-erythrocytes i-hemoglobin, "eyenza" igazi elibomvu ligcwalise nge-oxygen, ebaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umzimba.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-anemia kumuntu omdala.
Ukuntula i-Iron okunempilo
Efaniswa nokunciphisa inani le-hemoglobin ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi. Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zokuntuleka kwe-iron anemia njenge-hypochromic ne-microcytic. Isibonakaliso sombala wegazi siphansi, izipikili ziphula futhi ziphula, izinwele ziphuma.
I-anemia ye-Hemolytic
Lapho amangqamuzana e-erythrocyte ebhujiswa ngokushesha kunalokho awakwazi ukukhiqiza umnkantsha wamathambo.
Isifo se-anemia yesifo
Kubangelwa izifo zofuzo. Amaseli e-erythrocytes, anesimo se-biconvex nxazonke, nale nhlobo ye-anemia ithatha imidwebo ye-crescent, eyinkimbinkimbi enkulu ekuthuthukeni kwayo okusheshayo phakathi kwegazi. Ngenxa yalokhu, amangqamuzana omzimba alamandla oksijini.
I-anemia enenhliziyo
Uma kunesifo se-folic acid ne- vitamin B12 ngenxa yezifo zendlela yokugaya.
I-anemia ye-aplastic
Lapho izicubu zethambo zikhiqiza amangqamuzana ambalwa wegazi elibomvu. Kuvela ngenxa yemiphumela yama-radiation ahlukahlukene, izinto ezinobuthi nezinobuthi, kanti nesici esiyifazo sithonya futhi.
I-anemia ye-posthemorrhagic
Kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi okunzima, isibonelo, ngokulimala okuvamile, ukuphela kwesisu, isilonda esiswini, isisu, umdlavuza.
Izinhlobo ze-anemia kubantu besifazane
Abesifazane bathambekele kakhulu ekudleni kwegazi kunamadoda. Izizathu zisobala - ziyisikhathi esiningi kakhulu, izifo zesisu, ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, ukubambelela ekudleni, imifino yemifino. Kubesifazane, ngokuvamile kubonakala sengathi i-hemolytic,
Ukunqunywa kohlobo lwe-anemia ngokuhlaziywa kwegazi
Ukuthola i-anemia, udinga ukunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-anemia yiziphambeko ezinkomba ezinjalo:
- i-hemoglobin egazini ayifinyeleli 100 g / l;
- I-erythrocyte engaphansi kuka-4 * 1012 / l;
- okuqukethwe kwe-iron emaqenjini egazi kungaphansi kwe-14.3 μmol / l.
Uma kukhona ukuphutha okunjalo, udinga ukuhlola okuningiliziwe kwegazi ukukhomba uhlobo oluthile lwe-anemia.