Kungani izingane ezizalwa nge-Down syndrome?

I-Down's syndrome yisifo esiyinto evamile yezofuzo: ngokusho kwezibalo, ikhona emntwaneni owodwa osanda kuzalwa ngamakhulu ayisikhombisa. Ukuthola lesi sifo kungaba ukuxilongwa kokubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kodwa ekugcineni ukwelaphe ingane ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuzalwa, imithi yesimanje ayikwazi. Ngakho-ke, abazali abaningi esikhathini esizayo bakhathazeke kakhulu ngombuzo wokuthi kungani izingane ezine-Down syndrome zizalwa nokuthi zingakuvikela kanjani. Phela, ukwehluleka kokuthuthukiswa ngokwengqondo nangokwenyama kweziguli ezincane kubalulekile futhi akulungiswa ngaso sonke isikhathi ngokuthatha imithi nokuqeqeshwa okujulile.

Izinto ezibangela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo

Imithi yanamuhla iye yasungula ukuthi izizathu ezichaza ukuthi kungani izingane ezine- Down syndrome zizalwa azixhomeke neze esimweni sezwe, ubuzwe bukababa nomama, umbala wabo noma indlela yokuphila, kanye nemibandela yomphakathi lapho umndeni uhlala khona.

Lesi sifo sibangelwa ukuba khona kwe-genotype yengane ye-chromosome eyengeziwe. Kuwo wonke amangqamuzana omzimba womuntu aqukethe ama-chromosomes angu-46, anesibopho sokudluliswa kwezici ezivela kubazali ezinganeni. Zonke zihanjiswa: owesilisa nowesifazane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ukungasebenzi kahle kwezakhi zofuzo kwenzeka, ngakho-ke i- chromosome engama- 47 ivela emaqenjini angu-21 ama- chromosomes. Yingakho izingane zizalwa, ukuphulukiswa okuphelele okungenakwenzeka, ngoba esikhathini sethu, ukwehlukana kofuzo kungenakukwazi ukulungiswa.

Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe izici ezibaluleke kakhulu, ithonya lingaholela ekubukeni kwengane egulayo:

1. Ubudala bomama budlula iminyaka engu-33-35. Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ingozi yokuba nendodana noma indodakazi nge-Down syndrome iphakeme nakakhulu kulabo besifazane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuqala ukuguga komzimba lapho kungakhipha amaqanda angenasifo, noma izifo ezithintekayo ezithombeni zobulili zesifazane. Ngokuvamile omama abanjalo ngaphambi kokuzalwa bazalwa izingane ezifile noma bafa besencane. Ngakho-ke, uma usengozini, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-amniocentesis inconywa, lapho i-amniotic fluid ithathwa khona bese kuhlaziywa okufanele. Ungayinaki le nqubo: uma ufunda umbuzo wokuthi kungani ingane ene-Down syndrome ingazalwa, odokotela baye basungula iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Uma kubantombazane abancane abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25 amathuba okubeletha usana olunezifo ezinjalo ngu-1/1400, kwabesifazane ababeletha, abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ubudala, ingozi ikhulu kakhulu: ngokwesilinganiso, isifo esisodwa sabantwana abangu-350.
2. Isici se-Hereditary. Nakuba kwaziwa ukuthi amadoda anesifo esinjalo ayinamandla, abesifazane abangama-50% abane-Down's syndrome bangase babe nenzalo. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, izingane zizuze lesi sifo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuthi kudingekile yini ukuthi uqhubeke nomzimba onjalo.
3. Ubudala bukayise. Esinye sezizathu zokuthi ingane ingazalwa kanjani ukuthi ubaba uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-42 ubudala. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ikhwalithi yesilisa iyancipha kancane kancane, ngakho ukukhulelwa kweqanda elinesimo esingaphansi kwesimiso kanye nesengozini sokuthuthukisa lesi sifo esibucayi esiyinkimbinkimbi kungaphezu kwalokho.
4. Imishado phakathi kwezihlobo eziseduze kakhulu. Akukhona ngengozi ukuthi emasimini amaningi emhlabeni akwenqatshelwe ukushada hhayi izihlobo kuphela, kodwa ngisho nabazala bomzala nabazala bomfowabo abafowabo nodadewabo.
5. Ochwepheshe baye basungula ukuthi kungani izingane ezizalwa nge-Down syndrome zizalwa ngezinye izikhathi: omdala lona wesifazane wayekhona ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwentombazane, amathuba amakhulu okuzalwa komzukulu ogulayo noma umzukulu.