Ukuphambana okungaqondakali kwemisipha, okuvame ukutholakala ezinganeni - lokhu kuyimifantu. Ake sibone ukuthi yini okumelwe yenziwe uma ingane ishaya.
Izimbangela zokuhlukunyezwa ezinganeni
Ukuzizwa kungenzeka ezinganeni ezineminyaka ehlukene. Ngokuvamile, ukutholakala kwabo kuhlobene nemiphumela emibi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokubeletha nangesikhathi sokuqala kwengane. Ukungaqali kobuchopho ezinganeni ezincane kubangelwa ukuthambekela kokuphuthuma kwe-edema yobuchopho lapho bengena emzimbeni wokutheleleka, ubuthi kanye nokutholakala kokutholwa.
Zonke izigameko ezinganeni zihlukaniswe njengesifo sokuphuza (ngesifo sokuphuza) futhi hhayi isithuthwane, okuyinto futhi, ihlukaniswe ngalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- ukuphazamiseka ekuphefumuleni kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa;
- ukuxinwa kwezifo ze-hemolytic zomsana;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulimala kwekhanda;
- ukuxuba emathunjini ebuchopho;
- ukuhlukunyezwa ekuqaleni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo (umkhuhlane, i-SARS, i-encephalitis, i-meningitis nabanye);
- ukuphefumula kwe-febrile - ukuxubana ekushiseni okuphezulu kwengane.
Izingane zithola kanjani izidakamizwa?
- ukulahlekelwa kokwazi (okuvame kakhulu);
- ikhanda elikhanda,
- amazinyo aqinile, amehlo agqoke;
- isikhumba sezindebe;
- ukukhishwa kwezandla nezinyawo;
- Izindebe ziphenduka uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingane ingakwazi ukuzimanzisa.
Izimpawu zokuhlukunyezwa ezinganeni
- Ngesifo sokugula, ingane ishaya, imfiva, isizungu, izwa imisindo ehlukene engekho omunye ozwayo. Khona-ke kufika ukuphazamiseka, ekupheleni kwayo-ukuphumula kwazo zonke izinsizwa nokulala. Ngemuva kokuba ingane ivuke, ayikhumbuli ukuthi kwenzekani kuye, ikhanda, ikhanda lakhe lilimaza.
- I-intrauterine asphyxia, eyimbangela evamile yokwehluleka kwabantwana abangaphansi konyaka owodwa, ibangelwa ukungabi khona kwe-oxygen egazini. Ngenxa yalokho, ukujikeleza kwegazi kuphazanyiswa, futhi i-edema ye-cerebral ivela. I-asphyxia eqhubekayo ifaka isandla ekucholeni kwe-brain. Ama-cramps ayeka ngemva kokususwa kwengane evela ku-asphyxia nokunyamalala kwe-edema ye-cerebral.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa okubangelwa ukuhlukunyezwa kokubelethwa kubangelwa ukushisa kwegazi. Ukuhlukunyezwa kunomlingiswa wendawo ngendlela yokwehlukaniswa kwemisipha ethile yamalungu noma ubuso. Kodwa-ke, ukuvuthwa kakhudlwana kaningi kuboniswa ngokuthinteka kwe-tonic ngokuphazamiseka kokuphefumula, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umkhuhlane omkhulu. I-fontanel enkulu yengane iqhuma, kukhona ukuhlanza.
- Izifo ezifweni ezithathelwanayo zivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane futhi zibangelwa i-edema ye-cerebral kanye nokunyuka kwengcindezi engavamile. Ngomkhuhlane kanye nemifantu ye-ARVI ingaba ekuqaleni kwesifo, ekushiseni okuphezulu. Ngenkinga yokukhulelwa ebuntwaneni (isishukela, i-rubella, inkukhu ye-chickenpox), ama-cramps angabonakala ngesikhathi sokuqubuka.
- Ukuzikhukhumeza kwengane kungenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphakeme noma ngisho nokuvezwa kwelanga isikhathi eside. Izingane ezinjalo kufanele zinikezwe izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic ngisho nalapho izinga lokushisa likhuphukela ku-37.5 degrees, angeke lithathwe ekugezeni okushisayo, kufanele kube nokushisa ilanga kangcono emthunzini.
Siza ingane nge-cramps
Ngama-cramps, okokuqala, kufanele ucele usizo oluphuthumayo. Ngaphambi kokufika kukadokotela, faka ingane eceleni kwayo, uhlanganise izingubo. Phakathi kwamazinyo, faka i-handkerchief eqinekile ukuze ingane ingalimi ulimi. Uma ukuhlasela kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu - unikeze ukulungiselela ukulwa ne-antipyretic, ungakwazi ukusula umzimba ngeviniga. Uma ingane encane "zashelsya" evela ekulileni okunamandla futhi iphendukile okwesibhakabhaka, kufanele uyisule ngamanzi abandayo, futhi ulethe uboya bekotini nge-ammonia.
Ngokuvamile phakathi nenkathi yokukhula, izingane zihlakulela imilenze emilenzeni yazo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udinga ukudonsa kakhulu ezinzwaneni zakho futhi ubuhlungu buyophelelwa isikhathi ngokushesha. Ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukugxila ezinganeni ephusheni isikhathi eside kunabantwana abathandekayo ngokomzwelo futhi uma ingane ingakhononi nganoma yini ekuseni, ayidingi usizo oluphuthumayo.
Zonke izinhlobo zokuhlukunyezwa ezinganeni, ngendlela eyodwa noma enye, zihlobene nokubeletha okubi noma izifo zokubeletha. Ngakho-ke, kunoma yiziphi izifo ezithintekayo, kudingekile ukuba uthintane nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuze aqede izimbangela zokugaya futhi aphathe isifo esingaba nesifo.