Izingane eziningi zithanda ukuzinja izinja namakati emgwaqeni, kodwa izilwane zivame ukuhambisa izifo ezihlukahlukene. I-Lishay enganeni ibhekwa njengenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ze-dermatological. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha, njengoba inkinga itholakale, ukuze iziqhumane zingakaze zisakaze kuwo wonke umzimba.
Izimpawu zokulahla izingane
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, abazali kufanele baqonde futhi bazi ukuthi i-lichen kubantwana ibheka kanjani. Lesi sifo sinesihluthulelo sesikhumba, esibangelwa i-fungus ye-parasitic (i-microspores), ebonakala ngokuphulwa kwe-epidermis. Izici zayo eziyinhloko yizi:
- Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo sibonisa izindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-hyperemia) ngokuvuvukala okuncane. Isikhumba esingaphansi kwabo sihlale sishayekile.
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-lichen emntwaneni ibuyele emahlombe, emilenzeni, emlonyeni nasesisu, nasezintweni ezingavamile - ezipikili nasekhanda.
- Ezimweni ezingakunaki, ingane ingathola ukushisa komzimba, futhi amantombazane lymph akhula ngobukhulu.
I-lichen ekhanda lomntwana inesibonakaliso esikhulu - izinwele eziphukile ekuphakameni okulodwa (cishe ngo-5-8 mm), futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukudonsa okubukhali. Ngisho nezibonakaliso eziyinhloko zesifo kungenziwa wanezela ukuthi emkhakheni wokugxila kwakha umqulu ophethe umbala obala. Iqukethe ama-pimples amancane (amaphilisi), okuyinto ephakama kancane phezu kwesikhumba esithintekile, futhi ngaphakathi kwendawo ibonakala abanye.
Ukuphumula okulula
I-Herpes simplex ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-vesicle. Kubonakala ngokuvuvukala kwesikhumba nge-encane, egcwala uketshezi olucacile, ama-pimples. Lesi sifo sinesikhundla sesibili (emva komkhuhlane) ngokusakazeka kwayo, futhi abathwali begciwane bangabantu abangaba ngu-90% emhlabeni wonke. Ukutheleleka akukwazi ukuphulukiswa ngokugcwele, ngakho ukubuyela emuva kuvame ukuvela.
Ngokuvamile zikhona:
- ebusika;
- ngezimo ezicindezelayo;
- lapho kushisa;
- ngezifo ezithathelwanayo.
I-pink lichen enganeni
Ifomu eliphephile kakhulu lesi sifo i- pink lichen enganeni , ukwelashwa kungenziwa ekhaya, kodwa ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela. Ukuze uhlolisise kahle, udinga ukuhlola. Kubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba noma ukutheleleka kwe-pathogenic ezinhlobonhlobo eziwela esikhumbeni. Ukuqubuka kungase kwenzeke ngokunciphisa ukuzivikela emzimbeni ekwindla-ebusika.
Lokhu kuncipha kwenzeka emntwaneni ebusweni, emuva, emlenzeni nasesisu ngesimo senkundla evulekayo kusukela enkabeni kuya emaphethelweni. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:
- ukuzulazula esakhiweni se-rash;
- i-stain ingaba yindilinga futhi ifakwe oval, futhi ububanzi bayo bufinyelela ku-3 cm.
- imifucumfucu ihlanganiswa ngesikhumba esincane;
- isikhumba kule ndawo soma kakhulu;
- ibala liphilisa ngaphakathi kwamasonto amathathu.
I-ringworm ezinganeni
Ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi yini eyenza izimpawu zezingane zibe nezimpawu, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi indawo yokulimala yi-scalp yenhloko yengane. Ngokubukeka, ukugxila kufana nesigxobo esinqunywe ngokungalungile, futhi sona ngokwawo sishaya nama-flakes. Ukufeza leli fomu kulula kakhulu ngokuxhumana nomuntu siqu, izinto zokuhlanzeka (amathawula) nezinye izinto. Lesi sifo sivame ukusabalalisa ezikhungweni zemfundo futhi sinesikhathi eside sokukhushulwa.
Tinea ezinganeni
Izinhlobo zokulahla izingane zihluke kakhulu, kodwa ezinzima kunazo zonke zikhwabaniswa. Lesi sifo singahlala iminyaka eminingana futhi sinezinkinga ezihlukahlukene, ngakho-ke ukwelashwa kufanele kuqaliswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Isizathu sokuqhamuka yi-virus engena emzimbeni wengane nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kodwa sibonakala ngokubuthakathaka komzimba.
U-Lishay enganeni ubonakalisa efomu:
- ukushisa komzimba okuphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi ngezingulube;
- ukuqhuma (kufana nama-bubbles) kuwo wonke umzimba, ogcwele uketshezi, kuhambisane nezinzwa ezibuhlungu kakhulu;
- ingane izwa ikhanda eliqinile.
I-lichen flat elibomvu nganeyingane
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-lichen zingadlulela efomeni elingavamile, okuyinto enzima kakhulu ukuyenza. Leli fomu lesi sifo alitholakali ezinganeni, kodwa kubonakala njengamabala abomvu agcwele uketshezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho:
- i-center itches futhi ibuhlungu;
- imfucumfucu ivela ezandleni nasesiswini, futhi ezimweni ezingavamile - emagqumeni amancane omlomo womlomo;
- Indawo yokunqoba ibangela ukuzwa okungathandeki kwengane.
I-Pityriasis lich multicolored lichen
Ngokuvamile, i- pityriasis lichen enganeni nayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-multi-colored. Kubonakala sengathi izindawo ezinamabala aphuzi azinayo izibonakaliso zokuvuvukala. Ukwelashwa kwalolu hlobo lwesifo kuqondile kakhulu futhi kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondiswa kwesidokotela. Le ndawo iqhubekela phambili endaweni efudumele futhi enomswakama, ngakho-ke izingane ezinezikhukumeza ngokweqile zivame ukuvezwa kuyo kaningi. Imfucumfucu ithinta ubuso bomntwana nentamo, isakazeka ngokushesha futhi iholele ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene.
Kunokuba ukhathaze ilanga emntwaneni?
Abazali kufanele baqonde ngokucacile ukuthi ukwelashwa kokunciphisa izingane ekhaya kungenzeka kuphela emva kokuhlolwa okuphelele ne-dermatologist, ehlanganisa:
- ukutholakala kokutholakala kwesibungulu kwi-laboratory ye-dermatovenerological (isifundo se-mycological);
- ukuhlolwa ngesibani sezinkuni;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngokutheleleka;
- ukususa endaweni ethintekile ukucacisa uhlobo lwesifo.
Embuzweni wokuthi ukwelashwa kwengane kumntwana angaphendula kanjani udokotela kuphela, ngoba le nqubo ixhomeke ngokucacile ngesigaba kanye nokuhluka kwesifo. Ngefomu elilula uzokwaziswa ukuthi uphathe indawo, ulandele imithetho yokuhlanzeka kwakho futhi uhambisane nokudla okhethekile, futhi uma kunzima kakhulu - bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa ingane ngokuphelele futhi bamnike ukwelashwa okunamandla.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-dermatologist ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kokutheleleka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, abazali kufanele:
- Ungavumeli ingane ukuba ixoshe izilonda.
- Ukugqoka izingubo zabo zokwakheka kuphela ze-cotton ukuze umswakama ungagcini phezu kwesikhumba futhi umphumela wokushisa awuveli.
- Ungavumeli isayithi ukuthi ibonakaliswe ngamanzi.
- Sebenzisa ama-disinfectants efulethini.
- Ngokuvamile phatha amathoyizi nezinto zekhaya.
- Ukuhlanzwa kwansuku zonke kwendawo.
Ukwelashwa ukulahla ingane kungadlulela emavikini amabili kuya ezinyangeni eziningana, ngakho-ke abazali kudingeka babonise ukubekezela nokubekezela. Odokotela banquma imithi kuye ngokuthi isimo. Ngokuvamile babhala:
- amafutha antifungal;
- imithi yama-antiviral;
- inkambo yokubuyisela umkhuhlane wezingane.
Amathebulethi asuka ku-lichen kubantwana
Uma kunesifo esinjalo njengezinsana ezinganeni, ukwelashwa kanje:
- Ukuhlukaniswa kwengane emphakathini kuyadingeka.
- Izindawo ezithintekile ziphathwa ngemithi (amafutha, ama-creams, ama-shampoos, ama-aerosols) nesisombululo se-i-5% se-iodine.
- Bhala izidakamizwa ezikhethekile (Griseofulvin).
- Izinwele ezisekhanda zihlungiwe.
Kuye ngohlobo lokunciphisa izingane ukuqoka amaphilisi ahlukene:
- kwi- Exoderil engamanga
- nge-shingles - i-Acyclovir;
- nge pink and red lishy - Loratidine noma Tavegil.
Amafutha for lichen izingane
Lapho kunengane emlonyeni wengane, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuphatha amathanga ngamafutha ahlukahlukene ngokusekelwe ezithandweni zemvelo, okumele kukhululeke ukuhlunga, ukunciphisa ukugxila futhi kube nomphumela wokunciphisa esikhumbeni. Imithi ephumelela kunazo zonke ihlanganisa:
- I-Miconazole - i-antifungal ointment, isetshenziselwa ukulwa nokuqothula okunemibala eminingi. Sebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa izikhathi ezingu-2 ngosuku kuze kube yilapho amabala ayanyamalala ngokuphelele.
- I-Mikoseptin - yenziwe ngesisekelo se-zinc, esusa ukuvuvukala nokubuyisela isikhumba. Isetshenziselwa izinkoma.
- I-Clotrimazole - isetshenziselwa i-pityriasis. Isidakamizwa sinesenzo esikhulu futhi sinomphumela we-antimycotic. Isetshenziselwa ukukhushulwa izikhumba izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku ngezingqimba ezincane.
- I-Zalain i-ointment esekelwe ku-naphthyfine, ene-antimicrobial effect futhi ilwa nenqubo yokuvuvukala.
- I-Lamisil imithi elwa namagciwane anomthelela omkhulu ezilonda. Ingasetshenziswa kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala.
Amakhambi omphakathi wokulahla izingane
Ochwepheshe abaningi abayincoma ukwelashwa kokulahla izikhambi zomuntu ezinganeni, ukuze bangalimazi ingane. Zingasetshenziswa kuphela ngokuhambisana nezidakamizwa zokwelashwa futhi emva kokuvunyelwa udokotela. Izindlela eziphumelela kakhulu yizo:
- I-Eggshell, idinga ukukhululeka kusuka kumaprotheni ne-yolk, kanye ne-bubble ene-liquid (ihlala phansi) ukuphatha amathanga e-epidermis.
- Iziphuzo, ezigubha isikhumba esithintekile.
- Ufulawa we-Rye, uhlungwa futhi uhlanzwa, bese uhamba ngendwangu yensimbi isetshenziswa kwi-foci.
- Inhlanganisela yamafutha we-castor nejisi ka-garlic, esetshenziselwa imizuzu eminingana ezindaweni eziyinkinga.
- I-tincture kumaqabunga e-birch kufanele isetshenziswe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku ukuqubuka, izinsalela ze-compress akufanele zisuswe.