Ukuhluleka kwama-hormone kubesifazane, izimpawu, izimpawu ezivela emva kwesikhathi esithile ngemuva kokuqala kwawo, ngokuvamile zibangelwa izifo eziphathelene nokugula. Cabanga ngalokhu kwephulwa ngokuningiliziwe, ake sithi izizathu, izibonakaliso zezifo ze-hormone kubesifazane, izindlela zokuqedwa.
Uhlelo lwe-endocrine lwesifazane
Iminyango eyinhloko yesimiso se-endocrine ibhekwa njenge-hypothalamus ne-pituitary gland. Ngokushesha, lezi zingxenye zobuchopho zilawula izinqubo zomsebenzi wezinye izigulane ze-endocrine, phakathi kwazo:
- i-thyroid ne-parathyroid;
- izigulane eziyingozi;
- i-pancreas;
- ama-ovari.
Isimo sohlelo lokuzala sithonywa ngokuqondile ngamahomoni wesifazane - i-estrogen ne-progesterone. Lezi zinhlanganisela eziphilayo zibhekene nezinqubo zokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhula, ukwanda kwevolumu, isisu sokuqala. Ngokushesha, lesi senzakalo sihambisana nenqwaba ye-hormonal yokuqala eyenza ukuhluleka kwe-hormone kubesifazane, izimpawu ezivela ekuphileni kowesifazane izikhathi eziningana (ukubeletha, ukuyeka esikhathini sokuqala).
Izimbangela zokuhluleka kwe-hormone kubesifazane
Izimbangela ze-hormonal malfunction zihlukahlukene kangangokuthi odokotela ngokuvamile bakuthola kunzima ukukhipha into ethile. Ezimweni eziningi, ngemva kokuthola ukuxilongwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, ukuhambisana kwezimbalwa kubonakala. Ngenxa yalokhu, izimbangela ezibangela uhlelo lwe-hormonal ukusebenza ngokungalungile zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amakhulu amaningana:
- Umonakalo ongokwemvelo ohlelweni lwe-hypothalamic-pituitary (ukuhlukunyezwa kobuchopho, i-encephalitis, izicubu zobuchopho).
- Ukuphulwa kwesimiso sezinzwa (izimo ezicindezelayo njalo, ukudlula, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo).
- Ukuphulwa komsebenzi we-cortex ene-adrenal ne-gland yegciwane (izicubu, hypothyroidism , hyperthyroidism).
- Ukuhluleka kokusebenza kwesibindi kungenxa yokuthi i-hormone metabolism ivela ngokuqondile kule nhlangano futhi ukugula kwayo kubangela izinguquko ze-hormonal.
- Ukukhubazeka kwezinso - ukwephula ukuhoxiswa kwe-metabolites kuyathinta kakhulu ama-hormone egazini.
- Isici se-Hereditary - sidlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ukungalingani, okuvame ukubonakaliswa esikhathini esibucayi.
- I-pathologies yama-congenital yesimiso se-endocrine - sibonakaliswe esikhathini sokukhulelwa ngokubambezeleka kokubasha, ukuqala kwesikhathi kokuya esikhathini noma ukungabi khona kwabo ngemuva kwesizinda semvelo se-hormonal.
Ukuhluleka kwe-Hormonal emva kokubeletha
Ukuhluleka kwe-Hormonal emva kokuzalwa kwengane - okwenzeka kaningi emisha. Izizathu zokuphulwa okunjalo zingaba ziningi. Kulokhu, ukuthuthukiswa kwabesifazane abathile kubangela ngokuzimela, ngokungaziphathi kahle kwabo, ukunganaki iseluleko odokotela. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuhluleka kwama-hormone emzimbeni kwenzeka njengenkinga yokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuhambisana nenqubo yokulethwa kwezidingo. Ukuze kubangelwe ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal kwabesifazane, izimpawu, izimpawu zazo ezizobe zibalwe ngezansi, kungaba yizici ezilandelayo:
- umsebenzi omude - umsebenzi obuthakathaka wabasebenzi, ngaphambili ukuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid;
- ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokulahla;
- ukwandisa izinqubo ezingasetshenziselwa ukutheleleka;
- sebenzisa, njengoba kunqunywe udokotela, wokukhulelwa kwe-hormonal;
- ukungondleki;
- akunakwenzeka ukushiya imikhuba emibi (i-nicotine, utshwala).
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Hormonal nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
Ukuhluleka kwamahomoni kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala kuhlotshaniswa nezinqubo zokuqedwa kwesistimu yokuzala. Ngakho ama-ovari aqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone angaphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kuthinta kabi izinqubo ohlelweni lokuzala - ukugeleza kokuya esikhathini kunesidingo, kungabi khona no 1-2 imijikelezo elandelanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-atrophy kancane kancane yegciwane lesitho sangasese livela - izakhiwo ze-muscular zilahlekelwa ukuqina kwazo futhi zishintshwa yizicubu ezihlangene. Ngenxa yalokho, isibeletho ngokwawo sinciphisa usayizi, kukhona ukwephulwa kwesizinda se-hormonal kwabesifazane abanezimpawu zabo:
- ukuwohloka kwenhlalakahle jikelele;
- ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi;
- ukubonakala kwamagquma kukhona umuzwa wokushisa okungazelelwe;
- ukungahambi kahle endaweni yangasese - ukuma, ukunganaki.
Izifo zesimiso se-endocrine
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesizinda se-hormonal kuhambisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene zesistimu ye-endocrine. Ngokuvamile zihlobene nokusebenza okungalungile kwegciwane le-thyroid. Ngakho uma i-hypothyroidism, ukukhiqizwa okwanele kwe-thyroxine yegciwane, ukuhlushwa kwe-estrogens egazini nakho kuyashintsha. Lokhu kuthinta isimo sowesifazane, ukusebenza kwesistimu yokuzala. Ukubonakaliswa okuvamile ngalezo zinguquko yilezi:
- ukwephulwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini ;
- ukungabikho kokuya esikhathini;
- ukubonakala kwemfihlo yokungena ngaphakathi.
Ukuhluleka kwama-Hormone kubesifazane - izimpawu
Ukuhluleka kwama-hormone akukhona ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho-ke i-symptomatology ivela kancane kancane. Njengoba inqubo ye-pathological iqhubeka, ukubonakaliswa kuyacaca, kuguqule kakhulu indlela yokuphila yokuphila. Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwe-hormone kwabesifazane zilandelayo:
- Ukugeleza okungavamile, okungavamile kokuya esikhathini. Ukuphulwa kokuya esikhathini kungaba nemibono ehlukile. Ngokuvamile, abesifazane bayaqaphela ushintsho ngokungazelelwe emtheni wegazi lokuya esikhathini - ukwehla kule nkhomba. Inyanga zonke iyanqamuka, ilahleka imijikelezo engu-1-2, ivele ngaphambi kwesikhathi esinqunyiwe, ngezinye izikhathi phakathi nomjikelezo.
- Ukungaphumeleli ekusebenzeni kwesistimu yezinzwa zomphakathi. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lokuphulwa olubhekene nezinguquko ezibukhali zemizwelo, ukubukeka kokucasuka, ukungaqapheli ukushesha, ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amantombazane angabona ukwehla kwamakhono emqondo, okwesikhashana.
- Inzuzo yesisindo. Izinguquko emlandweni we-hormonal zithinta isisindo. Izinga eliphansi le progesterone livuselela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwezicubu. Ukuntuleka kwama-hormone T3 no-T4 kuholela ekunciphiseni kwe-metabolism, okubangela ukugcoba kwamafutha
- Nciphisa noma kungabi khona kwesifiso sobulili.
- Shintsha ukubukeka kwezipikili nezinwele. Uma umsebenzi wesimiso se-hormonal uhluleka, amantombazane ayaqaphela ukwanda kwezinhlamvu ze-nail, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, amathiphu athathwa kancane.
- Shintsha isimo sesikhumba. Isikhumba sivame ukukhanya ngenxa yomsebenzi okwandisiwe wezingqungquthela ezisabekayo. Phezulu kunezintambo, ukushayeka.
- Ukhathala okwandisiwe, ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Abesifazane bayabona ubuthakathaka ngokungazelelwe, ngisho nangemva komsebenzi omfushane. Ukulala ebusuku kufushane, ukulala ubuthongo kuqhubeka.
- Ukuphulwa komsebenzi wokuzala. Kwezinye izimo, ukwehluleka kwama-hormone kubantu besifazane, izimpawu, izibonakaliso zazo ezihlukahlukene, kubonakala ekuhlolisweni okuphelele mayelana nombangela wokungakhulelwa (ukungabi nokukhulelwa komnyaka noma ngaphezulu uma uhlela ukukhulelwa).
Ama-acne anehluleka kokuphefumula
Ebiza izibonakaliso zokuhluleka kwe-hormone, odokotela ngokuvamile babonisa ushintsho esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuvame ukuthinta isifuba, ubuso, emuva. Ama-acne akhiwa kulezi zindawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimonyo akulethi umphumela ohlala njalo - izimpumputhe ziyanyamalala okwesikhashana futhi zivele futhi. Ngenxa yezinguquko ezinjalo, amantombazane amaningi akha izinkimbinkimbi ezingaba yizifo eziphazamisayo, ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okuqhubekayo nokucindezeleka.
Isisindo sokuhluleka kwe-hormonal
Ukumangalela ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal, izimpawu zazo ezikhonjisiwe ngenhla, into yokuqala abesifazane abayishoyo ukwanda okweqile kwesisindo somzimba. Kulokhu, izinguquko zangaphandle, njengokukhula kwesisu, ukwanda kwevolumu kungase kungabi khona. Isisindo samantombazane anjeziwe ngenxa yokwephulwa kwamanzi kagesi. Uketshezi oluthe xaxa kugcinwa emzimbeni, izicubu ziyavuvukala. Ukwenza isisindo somzimba sibe njalo, abesifazane kufanele bashintshe ukudla kwabo, balandele imithetho ethile.
Izinwele ebusweni besifazane
Ukuphazamiseka ngokushesha kwe-hormonal kubangela ukubukeka kwezinwele ebusweni bamantombazane. I-symptomatology enjalo ibonakala nge-hyperaandrogenism - ukwanda kwezinga le-androgens (ama-hormone wesilisa) egazini. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuphazanyiswa kokusebenza kwezakhiwo ezinjalo ezifana nezama-ovari nama-gland adrenal. Lezi zinhlayiya odokotela zihlola kuqala uma zibeka imbangela yokubonakala kwezinwele ebusweni. Ngokuqedwa kwento eyenza lokhu kubonakaliswe kokungalingani kwe-hormonal, ukubukeka kowesifazane kuthola ukubukeka kwemvelo.
Ukuhluleka kwamaHormon - yini okufanele uyenze?
Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwe-hormonal, odokotela benza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesiguli, bebeka imbangela yalesi sifo. Ngokuvamile, ukuqedwa kwayo kuholela ekujwayelekile kwesizinda se-hormonal. Isisekelo sokwelashwa yizidakamizwa ze-hormonal. Basiza ukugcina ukuhlushwa kwe-hormone ezingeni elidingekayo, ngaphandle kwempawu nokubonakaliswa kwesifo, ukunciphisa inhlalakahle yomfazi. Ukuze ufeze umphumela, ukukhipha ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, ngemuva kokusola ukuphulwa, owesifazane kufanele:
- Vakashela ukubonisana kwabesifazane.
- Hlola ukuhlolwa okhethwe udokotela, uhlole.
- Landela izincomo nama-aphoyintimenti atholakele.
Ukuhluleka kwe-Hormonal - yikuphi ukuhlolwa okumele kunikezwe?
Ukuthola ukwehluleka kwesizinda semithi ye-hormone ekuqaleni, ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwemibonakaliso yemitholampilo, odokotela banquma ukuhlola izifundo ze-laboratory. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zisekelwe ekuhlolweni kwegazi ngamahomoni. Izinto eziphilayo zithathwe emthonjeni we-ulnar. Kuye ngohlelo luni odokotela abahlolwa ngayo, lezi zinhlobo zezivivinyo ezilandelayo zingabelwa:
1. Uhlelo lokuzala. Hlela izinga lama hormone ocansi:
- I-LH (i-hormone i-luteinizing);
- i-progesterone;
- i-estradiol;
- i-prolactin.
2. Ingubo yegciwane. Yenza ukuhlolwa ezingeni:
- i-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating (TSH);
- ama-hormone ajwayelekile: T4 no-T3.
Lezi zifundo zivame kakhulu. Basiza ukunquma isimo jikelele somzimba, isimiso se-endocrine sonke. Uma izinkomba zihlukana nemigomo ebekiwe, izifundo ezengeziwe ze-hardware zenziwa:
- I-Ultrasound;
- i-tomography;
- izivivinyo zokusebenza.
Ungabuyisela kanjani isizinda se-hormonal?
Ngokuphulwa okunjalo, njengokwehluleka kwama-hormone kwabesifazane, ukwelashwa kukhethwe ngabanye, ngokuhambisana nesizathu esinqunyiwe. Izinyathelo zokwelapha zenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- ukuqedwa kwesici esibangela ukwehluleka;
- ukuqiniswa kwesizinda se-hormonal ngemithi.
Indlela yokulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuhluleka kwe-hormonal?
Ukuphazamiseka kwama-hormonal kwabesifazane kuhambisane nokwanda kwesisindo somzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, lo mbuzo uvela: kanjani ukunciphisa isisindo? Izincomo zezidakamizwa zilandelayo:
- ukulandelela ikhalori yemikhiqizo edayisiwe;
- inhlangano yokudla okuncane;
- Ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo equkethe uketshezi emzimbeni (inyama ebhemayo, ama-pickle);
- ukukhishwa kwemikhiqizo equkethe ama-carbohydrate asheshayo - izimpahla eziphekwe, amaswidi.
Odokotela abangochwepheshe bayeluleka ukwenza:
- ukudlala amaprotheni;
- amavithamini (A, C, D, E);
- amaminerali (iodine, selenium, i-zinc);
- ukusungulwa kwezinsuku zokulayishwa;
- ukuqapha inani lamanzi abilayo (okungenani amalitha amabili);
- ukuzivocavoca njalo.
Ukukhulelwa uma kuhluleka kwe-hormonal
Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesizinda sama-hormone kubesifazane ngokuvamile kuba isizathu sokungabikho kokukhulelwa. Kulesi simo, ukunyamalala kwezinqubo ze-ovulatory, ngenxa yokuthi isini lesikoli asivuthwanga. Kubuye kwenzeke ukuthi izinkinga ziphakama ngemuva kokukhulelwa - ukuphulwa kokufakelwa, ukukhulelwa kuphazanyiswa isikhathi esifushane (ukungabi khona kweprogesterone). Ukwelashwa kunqunywe kuye ngokuthi imbangela yesifo. Ukugqugquzela izinqubo ze-ovulatory zisebenzisa:
- I-Clomid;
- Serofen;
- Clostilbite.
Ukungabi ne- progesterone , okwenza ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal kubantu besifazane, izimpawu, izimpawu zazo ezixoxwa ngazo kulesi sihloko, zenzele imithi yezidakamizwa eziqukethe:
- I-Duphaston;
- Utrozhestan.