Ukuluma ukuma kwamazinyo omhlathi ophezulu ngokuphathelene nomuntu ophansi (ukuvalwa kwamazinyo). Abantu abaningi abakaze bacabange ngalokhu, kodwa abanye kufanele bacabange ngalokho okulungile nokungalungile, futhi, ngeshwa, susa le nkinga. Ngokuvamile, kubonakalisiwe ebuntwaneni ngesikhathi sokuvakashela okokuqala udokotela wamazinyo, etshela abazali ukuthi ukulunywa kwengane kudinga ukulungiswa. Kodwa abaningi babo abayitholi le nkinga, futhi bacabanga ukuthi ingane izophuma, futhi ekugcineni iba yinkinga yomuntu omdala osekhulile, nakuba, njengendlela yokubonisa, ukulunga kungcono ukulungisa ebuntwaneni nasekukhuleni, lapho umzimba ukhiwa.
Imiphumela ye-placecclusion
Ekuboneni kokuqala kubonakala ukuthi lokhu kuyinkinga yobuhle kuphela, evezwe kumomotheka ongaphelele. Kodwa empeleni, ukulunywa okungalungile nakho kuholela ekulimaleni okusebenzayo, okubonakalayo kuphela ngesikhathi:
- I-paradontosis. Ngenxa yokulayishwa kwamazinyo angalingani ngesikhathi sokuhlafuna, bayakhulula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, phakathi kwabo kungase kube khona izikhala, futhi ngokufanayo, eminyakeni engama-40 kuyoba nesidingo sokuchitha isikhathi esiningi esihlalweni samazinyo kunanini ngaphambili.
- Inkinga ngama-temporomandibular. Futhi, ngenxa yomthwalo ongalingani ngesikhathi sokuhlafuna, amajoyina afaka amathanga emathambo angokwemvelo angagcina ekukhiqizeni imisindo yokuchofoza uma umlomo uvulwa ngokubanzi, futhi esimweni esibucayi, lesi sikhundla se-dentition siholela emakhanda.
- Inkinga yobuhle. Kubantu abaningi, leli phuzu libalulekile njengempilo yamazinyo, ngoba isimo somzwelo singenxa yokubukeka okwanelisayo. Ngokulunywa okungalungile, iphrofayela yomuntu ingase ibuke kancane, njengokumomotheka.
Ukwelashwa kwe-placecclusion
Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokulungisa i-bite engalungile, umuntu kufanele aqonde ukuthi lokhu kuyinkqubo ende (okungenani iminyaka eminingana), engadingi imali kuphela yesikhathi esithile semali kodwa futhi nokukhuthazela: ushintsho esimweni sokuqokwa kwamazinyo aluveli kabi, nakuba lobu buhlungu bungabonakali, kodwa kuvamile.
Futhi, ngaphambi kokuba uphathe i-bite engalungile, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi udinga ukukhetha i-orthodontist enhle, oyoyivakashela okungenani kanye ngenyanga.
Nakuba ukulungiswa kokulunywa okungalungile kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana (kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzeka noma imfundo yomzimba), sizogxila "emaphakathi" wegolide, okukuvumela ukuba ungalokothi ulale phansi komgogodla wokuhlinza futhi ungachithi isikhathi ekuzivocavoca umzimba okungalungile. Umbuzo wesistimu ye-bracket noma amapulethi.
Imodi yabo yethonya ifana, umehluko wodwa kuphela emalini kanye nokukwazi ukujwayela ukujwayela: ama-braces ayabiza kakhulu, kodwa nabo ungenza ama-dentition aphelele kakhulu, kanti futhi amapulethi ayhibhile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ezinye iziphambeko azikwazi ukuguqulwa.
Ukwelashwa kuqala ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile futhi kuthatha ikhophi ye-plaster ye-dentition, lapho umkhiqizo wokulungisa uzokwenziwa khona. Khona-ke, uma isilungele, ipuleti noma ama-brace aqala ukusetha, futhi ngemva kwalokho njalo ngemva kwamasonto angu-2-3 udinga ukuvakashela udokotela nge-brach. Ngezinye izikhathi izikhathi zokulungisa zifinyelela ezinyangeni ezingu-2, lokhu kuxhomeke kuphela ngakolunye uhlangothi nokuthi iyiphi izinyosi ezilungiswayo.
Izinhlobo ze-placecclusion
Ukulunywa ngokungalungile kwamazinyo kunemikhuba engu-6:
- I-Dystopia. Kulesi simo, amazinyo atholakale e-dentition, hhayi endaweni yawo. Isizathu salesi simo ngokuvamile siwumhlathi omncane namanyo amaningi, kanti ezinye zazo zikhula ngaphezu kwamanye, ziqhubekela phambili phambili.
- Dlulisa phambili. Kulolu cala enye yezinhlayiya ayithuthuki.
- Vula ukulunywa. Amazinyo amaningi kulokhu angavali: noma umhlathi ophezulu noma ophansi ukhulu kakhulu kunomunye.
- Deep bite. Kulesi simo, amazinyo angaphezulu awela amazinyo aphansi ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu.
- Ukulunywa kwe-mesial. Phambili phambili emhlathini ophansi.
- Ukusabalalisa okusabalalisa. Lapha, noma ukuthuthukiswa komhlathi omncane noma ubukhulu obuningi bomhlathi osenhla kuba yinkinga.
Lezi zimpawu zendawo yokufaka indawo zingaboniswa ngezinga elihlukene futhi zihlangane.
Izimbangela ze-malocclusion
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwakheka kwe-bite engalungile: izifo zofuzo nezifo zobuntwana eziphazamise inqubo yokuphefumula. Ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-nipple ebuntwaneni futhi kuholela ekulumeni okungalungile ngendlela yomhlathi omncane.