Ukulungiselela izihlahla zezithelo ebusika ngumsebenzi oyinhloko we-horticulturalist. Phela, lokhu kuphela kuzosiza izihlahla zisinde isikhathi esibucayi futhi zivikeleke ekukhungeni. Ingozi enkulu kakhulu imelwe amaqhwa ngenxa yezimpande zemithi, ingxenye engezansi ye-trunk kanye nemfoloko yamagatsha.
I-Frost yonakalisa kakhulu izimpande zezithelo izitshalo ngokuhlelwa okungenasisekelo ohlelweni lwempande. Ama-plums, cherry, ama-apple - lezi zihlahla zasebusika zihlupheka kakhulu. Emhlabathini onesihlabathi, njengasebusika obunzima kakhulu, amathuba okulimala akhula. Ukulimala ohlelweni lwempande kungabangela ukwehliswa kokukhula, ukulahlekelwa kwezitshalo, ukoma kwemithi nokufa kwabo okunye.
Silungiselela izihlahla ebusika
Ukuze uvikele izimpande ekuqhenqeni ekwindla, imibuthano ekhonjiwe ikhava cishe u-3-4 cm nohlaka lwendwangu. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, okufanelekile kakhulu yi-peat, ngoba ayikho isidleke samagundane. Ungasebenzisi umquba noma utshani. Ebusika obunzima, abalimi basabisa izihlahla ngeqhwa kuze kufike imfoloko yamagatsha amakhulu.
Ukulimala engxenyeni engezansi ye-trunk futhi phansi kwamagatsha ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekupheleni kwebusika ngenxa yokushintshwa okushisayo ezinsukwini ezishisayo bese kuhlaselwa okushisayo ngesikhathi sokushisa ebusuku. Umonakalo onjalo ubizwa ngokuthi ukushisa kwelanga kanye nesithwathwa. Zibukeka njengezindawo ezifile ezomile, kaningi eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga enhlangothini ye-trunk. Kamuva, i-cortex efile iyalandela futhi ixoshe izinkuni.
Ukulimala okunjalo kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ukushintshaniswa phakathi kohlelo lwempande namacembe kuyaphazamiseka. Futhi ezindaweni ezilimazekile amakhowe ahlala.
Ukuze uvimbele ukuqhuma kwamaqhwa, izihlahla ziwela nge-lime nge-lime, zenezela i-sulfate yethusi: ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi zibeka u-2-3 kg we-lime, 300 g we-sulfate yethusi kanye no-1 kg wobumba. Ngo-Mashi, ukugcoba okumhlophe kumele kuphindwe, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi iqhwa livame ukuwa. Ngakho-ke, akuyona into engavamile ukuba isiqu sigubhe amagatsha omzimba wamagatsha ngamaphepha amancane aphethwe ngu-3-4 futhi alungise nge-twine noma ucingo.
Ukulungiselela izihlahla ezincane ebusika
Ezindaweni eziphansi, uma kwenzeka izikhukhula zigcwele izikhukhula, izihlahla ezincane zemithi zimbozwe ngeqhwa, elilimaza i-trunk cortex empande noma ephakeme kakhulu. Kulezi zindawo kucibilikiswa amanzi, futhi ngenxa yobusika bomswakama-ntwasahlobo, ingxenye engenhla kanye nensimu ingalimala emithini emincane. Ngokuvame lokhu lokhu kwenzeka enhlabathini yobumba. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezindaweni lapho amanzi e-meltwater ahlasela khona futhi ukushisa kubambezeleka, ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kwenhlabathi kuyaphazanyiswa. Konke lokhu kuyanciphisa ukukhula kwezimpande futhi kuphazamise isihlahla sonke. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezinjalo kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukususa amanzi.
Izinkinga eziningi ensimini encane ebusika zingaletha amagundane nezinselo.
Amagundane avame ukuthola indawo yokuhlala emasimini ezitshalo zemifino, izinqwaba zomquba, utshani, ama-brushwood, noma ezindaweni ezivinjiwe ensimini. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlanzeka kwesayithi kuyisilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuvikela izihlahla ezincane zomuthi ekulimaleni ngamagundane. Ukuze amagundane angenzi indlela yawo emithini emaqenjini eqhwa,
Indlela yokufihla izihlahla ebusika? Ngokuvamile, kulolu hlelo kuphela. Ekuqaleni, isihlahla somuthi sihlanganiswe ephephandabeni, ngakho-ke sinqwabelana kakhulu futhi sinamathenda. Ingxenyana engezansi kwephahla lokuphahla lijule kancane emhlabathini futhi lifafazwe. Esikhundleni sokuphahlazeka, abanye balimi be-amateur basebenzisa ama-kapron endala. Ngokwesiko, iziqu zahlanganiswa nemhlanga, i-sunflower iziqu, umhlonyane, ama-raspberry amahlumela. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa amagatsha e-fir.
Ukuhlunga ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvimbela iziqu zemithi emincane kusuka ekulimaleni kwasebusika yiqhwa.