Uma ingane izalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, lokhu akusho ukuthi ikhophi encane yengane evamile. Izingane ezinjalo ziyahlukahluka ngesisindo esincane, umzimba ongenasiphakamiso, izimpikiswano zesikhumba ezibiziwe (ezibomvu), ukuthuthukiswa kwamalungu angokwenyama zangaphandle kanye nezinye izici. Ukuze ingane yokuqala ikhule ngendlela evamile, idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Izinyathelo zokubeletha kuqala
- Ukunakekelwa okukhulu kwezingane . Izinsana zangaphambi kwesimiso nezinhlelo ezibalulekile zomzimba zingena ekuvuseleleni. Uma ingane ingakwazi ukuphefumula yedwa, ibeka ku-kuvez, ehlonyelwe i-apparatus ye-ventilation yokufakelwa. Izingane ezingenayo i-reflex esondayo zithola ubisi lwama-mother ngokusebenzisa i-nasogastric tube. Iningi lezingane ezisendlini yokuvuthwa lixhunywe kumadivayisi amaningi: ama-droppers, izinzwa zenhliziyo, izinga lokushisa nokuphefumula.
- Ukwelashwa okunamandla kwezinsana . Ingane, oqala ukuphefumula eyedwa, idluliselwa ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okukhulu lapho kungekho khona idivayisi yokufakelwa umoya. Ingane ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwevez, ngoba umzimba wakhe awukazanga ukugcina ukushisa komzimba ngokuzimela. Futhi ekukhumbuleni kukhona ukunikezwa okwengeziwe kwe-oxygen. Kulesi sigaba, indlela yokwelashwa, ebizwa ngokuthi indlela ye-kangaroo, ivamile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane kufanele ixhumane nomama futhi izwe izwi layo. Ingane esiswini sikamama noma emathunjini igcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba ngokuphelele, ukuphefumula kwakhe kubuye kuqinise, futhi umzimba uthola microflora ewusizo esheshayo alulame.
- Ukunakekelwa kokulandelwa . Izingane, ezisebenza ngendlela evamile yazo zonke izinto, nokho zidinga ukubonwa isikhathi eside kochwepheshe abazokwazi ukubona ukuphambana ngesikhathi bese bezilungisa.
Izici zokunakekela izingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi
Emva kokukhipha esibhedlela, umntwana udinga ukunakekelwa ekhaya okukhethekile, okufaka:
- ukugcina umbuso wokushisa omuhle we-22 ° C kanye nomswakama okungenani u-60%;
- ukuvinjelwa kokuxhumana kwangaphandle nabantu abangabazi kanye nokuvikelwa okwenziwe ngezifo;
- ukudla njalo isikhathi eside esifubeni noma ukondla ingxube ekhethekile equkethe ama-multivitamine nezithako ezidingekayo;
- inzalo yamabhodlela, izingono kanye nezesekeli zokudla;
- ukuhlinzeka ingane ngezingubo ezikhethekile ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, okuyinto elula ukuthatha futhi igqoke.
Ukugcinwa kwazo zonke izimiso zokunakekelwa kwabahlengikazi kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kunomthelela ekuvumelaneni ngokujwayelekile kwezingane kuya kwezimo zemvelo.