Umhlaba wezithombo

Isizini siqala izakhamuzi zasehlobo kanye nabalimi beloli ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokushisa kwezulu. Abanikazi abaningi basekhaya bafuna ukukhula nokutshala izithombo zabo emibhedeni. Kukhona ubuqili obuningi kule nkinga elukhuni, ukukhethwa komhlaba ukuze izithombo zingabhekwa njengomzuzu obaluleke kakhulu.

Yini okufanele ibe yindawo yezithombo?

Inhlabathi engakhethi kahle ivame ukuholela ezifweni nokuthuthukiswa okuncane kwezithombo. Yingakho, ngaphezu kokunakekelwa, impilo yezitshalo ezincane zixhomeke kwikhwalithi nokubunjwa kwenhlabathi. Kunezidingo eziningi kulo, nansi ezinye zazo:

1. Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kufanele ibe neqhwa, okungukuthi, ikwazi ukuhlinzeka izitshalo ngezinto ezidingekayo ekukhuleni.
2. Umhlaba ophansi futhi olula uyadingeka ukuze ukhiqize.
3. Okuqukethwe kwezinto ezisenhlabathini kumele kube sezingeni elilinganiselayo.
4. I-acidity yomhlaba yezithombo akufanele ithathe hlangothi.

Futhi lokhu akusikho konke, kodwa uhlu oluyinhloko lwezidingo, ngokubaluleka kokulungele ukulungiselela inhlanganisela yokutshala imbewu kwizithombo. Akumangalisi ukuthi izwe elivamile elivela ensimini alihlali lihambisana nale njongo. Eqinisweni, inhlabathi engcono kakhulu yezithombo iyingxube yezingxenye ezehlukene, isibonelo, i-peat, isihlabathi noma i-humus.

I-Humus ingumthombo we-nitrogen ezitshalweni, yenza umhlaba ompofu ukhule kakhulu. I-Sand iyinhlangano yomhlabathi onamandla okuvula, ukuze umoya unikezwe ezimpandeni kangcono. Into enjalo ethandwa njenge-peat inemikhiqizo emihle kakhulu yomswakama.

Ihlala nje kuphela ukukhombisa ingxenye enkulu - umhlaba. Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi yiliphi uhlobo lomhlaba okufanele lithathele izithombo, khona-ke kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho. Umhlaba ovela ehlathini wezithombo ungenampofu ezakhiweni, kepha uhlanganiswe nama-humus akuyona inkinga embi kakhulu. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuba bathathe inhlabathi hhayi ehlathini ngokwalo, kodwa emabhande asehlathini. Ngendlela, i-turf emhlabathini iphinde ihluke ekubunjweni, ecebile ezakhiweni ezidingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Mhlawumbe into kuphela engenzi ubuhlungu, ukungeza ukukhubeka ngokuxubana ne-peat noma isihlabathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuthiwa imvukuzane umhlaba for izithombo ezifanele izibuyekezo ezinhle. Kukholelwa ukuthi ikhululiwe ezimpungeni zezinambuzane kanye nembewu yokhula, isivele ikhululekile ngempela.

Indlela yokulungisa umhlabathi izithombo?

Eqinisweni, ukwakheka komhlaba, okufanelekile ukutshala inhlabathi kuyinhlobo ehlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukuba ucabangele izici zesiko, izithombo ohlose ukuzenza. Isibonelo, ikhukhamba, ingxube ye-turf nama-humus ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Ngokuba i-pepper neyotamatisi, inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka ku-peat, umhlaba (iqabunga noma i-turf) nesihlabathi. Kulokhu, futhi, ingxenye elinganayo yezingxenye. Ngendlela, isihlabathi sithathelwa kalula yi-vermiculite noma i-perlite. Ukwakhiwa okufanayo kuphelele izitshalo zokuhlobisa.

Uma uzibuze ukuthi uhlakulele izitshalo zeklabishi noma izitshalo zeqanda, xhuma izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba, isanti ne-humus, ezithathwe ku-lobe eyodwa.

Ukulungisela umhlaba izithombo

Noma iyiphi ingxenye yokulungiselela ingxube ingaba umthombo wokutheleleka ngezifo noma izibungu ezibulala izinambuzane. Mhlawumbe okuhlukile yi-peat ne-coconut substrate, ukusetshenzwa ezindaweni okukhiphayo. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha leli zwe kusuka ensimini yakho, yiphathise kabi nganoma iyiphi indlela evumelana nawe. Lapho umhlaba wokuqala uvunwa ekwindla futhi ushiye egcekeni ngokuqandisa kuze kube sezulu lokuqala. Ukugeza amanzi ngamaminithi angu-45 enye indlela yokulwa nezilokazane nezifo.

Uma sikhuluma ukuthi kunesidingo yini ukukhokha inhlabathi yezithombo, le ndlela yokuqeda imithi ikhonjiswa uma uthatha inhlabathi ehlathini noma kusayithi. Ngakho-ke, ukumane ubeke inhlabathi kuhhavini ngehora lehora, ungayilalisa ngama-larvae kanye nezifo.