Ngonyaka odlule iSuku Lwabesifazane Lomhlaba Wonke saphendukile kahle eminyakeni eyikhulu ubudala. ENgqungqutheleni Yomhlaba Wonke Yabesifazane AbaseSocialist, eyayibanjelwe eCopenhagen ngo-Agasti 1910, ngokuphakanyiswa kukaClara Zetkin, kunqunywe ukuthi kunqunywe usuku olukhethekile ngonyaka ozinikele emzabalazweni wabesifazane ngamalungelo abo. Ngonyaka olandelayo, ngo-March 19, imibukiso emikhulu yenzeka eJalimane, e-Austria, eDenmark naseSwitzerland, lapho abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi bahlanganyela khona. Ngaqala kanjalo umlando ka-Mashi 8, ekuqaleni "Usuku Lomhlaba Wonke Wabafazi emzabalazweni wokulingana kwezomnotho, ezenhlalakahle nezombusazwe."
Umlando weholidi 8 Mashi: inguqulo esemthethweni
Ngo-1912, imibukiso emikhulu ekuvikeleni amalungelo abesifazane yenziwa ngoMeyi 12, ngo-1913 - ngezinsuku ezahlukene zikaMashi. Futhi kusukela ngo-1914 usuku loMashi 8 lwagcina lubekwe, cishe ngenxa yokuthi kwakuyiSonto. Ngonyaka ofanayo, usuku lomzabalazo wamalungelo abesifazane lugubha okokuqala eRussia yaseTsarist ngaleso sikhathi. Ngokuqhamuka kweMpi Yezwe I, umzabalazo wokuqeda ubutha wanezelwa ezidingo zokukhulisa amalungelo omphakathi wabesifazane. Umlando weholide ngo-Mashi 8 wabuye wahlanganiswa nezenzakalo zika-08.03.1910, lapho kuboniswa khona abasebenzi besifazane ekuthungeni nasezimbonini zezinwele eNew York okokuqala, befuna inkokhelo ephakeme, izimo ezingcono zokusebenza kanye namahora amancane okusebenza.
Ngemva kokubusa, amaBolshevik aseRussia ahlonipha uMashi 8 njengosuku olusemthethweni. Kwakungekho inkulumo yomsakazo, izimbali kanye nesifazane: ukugcizelela kwakuwukuphela komzabalazo weklasi nokubandakanyeka kwabesifazane embonweni wokwakhiwa kwezenhlalakahle. Ngakho kwaqala umjikelezo omusha emlandweni wosuku luka-Mashi 8 - manje leli holide liye lasakazeka emazweni ekamu lezenhlalakahle, naseNtshonalanga Yurophu selikhohliwe ngokuphepha. Isenzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni weholide ngo-Mashi 8 kwaba ngo-1965, lapho kumenyezelwe usuku ngosuku e-USSR.
Iholide ka-8 Mashi namhlanje
Ngo-1977, i-UN yamukele isinqumo No. 32/142, esihlanganisa isimo sosuku lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kodwa-ke, emazweni amaningi lapho usabubhiyozwa khona (iLosos, iNepal, i-Mongolia, iNorth Korea, iChina, i-Uganda, i-Angola, i-Guinea-Bissau, iBurkina Faso, iCongo, iBulgaria, iMakedoniya, iPoland, i-Italy), yiLusuku Lwamanye amazwe ukulwa namalungelo abesifazane kanye nokuthula emhlabeni jikelele, okungukuthi, umcimbi wokubaluleka kwezombangazwe nezenhlalakahle.
Emazweni ekamu laseSoviet, naphezu komlando wokuvela ngo-Mashi 8, bekubekho inkulumo yimuphi "umzabalazo" isikhathi eside. Siyakuhalalisela, izimbali nezipho zithembeke kubo bonke abesifazane - omama, abafazi, odade, izintombi, abasebenzisana nabo, abancane nezintombikazi omhlalaphansi. Inqatshelwe kuphela eTurkmenistan, eLatvia nase-Estonia. Kwezinye izifunda azikho iholidi elinjalo. Mhlawumbe, ngoba kukhona udumo olukhulu loSuku lukaMama, olwenziwa emazweni amaningi ngeSonto lesibili ngoMeyi (eRussia - ngeSonto lokugcina ngoNovemba).
Zihlobene kanjani ngoFebhuwari 23 no-Mashi 8?
Iqiniso elihle kakhulu kusukela emlandweni kazwelonke weholidi ngo-Mashi 8. Iqiniso liwukuthi udumo oludumile lweFebhuwari ka-1917, olwalusungula isisekelo se-October Revolution, lwaqala ePetrograd emhlanganweni omkhulu wabesifazane ophikisana nempi. Izenzakalo zakhula njengebhola le-snowball, futhi kungekudala isiteleka esikhulu, ukuvukela okuhlomile kwaqala, uNicholas II waphikisana. Okwenzekile ngokulandelayo kuyaziwa kahle.
Ubuhlungu bokuhleka yilokho ngoFebhuwari 23, ngokusho kwesitayela esidala - lena yi-Mashi 8 entsha. Kulungile, ngolunye usuku ngo-Mashi 8 wabeka ukuqala komlando wekusasa le-USSR. Kodwa u-Defender of the Fatherland Day uhlelwe ngezikhathi ezithile kwezinye izenzakalo: February 23, 1918, ekuqaleni kokubunjwa kwe-Red Army.
Kusukela emlandweni wokugubha ngoMashi 8
Bewazi yini ukuthi usuku olukhethekile lwabesifazane lwalukhona eMbusweni wamaRoma? AmaRoma asetshenzelwe mahhala (amathronti) agqoke izingubo ezinhle, ahlotshiswe ikhanda nezingubo ngezimbali futhi avakashela amathempeli ka-Vesta unkulunkulukazi. Kulolu suku, abayeni babo babanikeze ngezipho ezibizayo nezihlonipho. Ngisho nezigqila zathola izikhumbuzo ezivela kubanikazi babo futhi zadedelwa emsebenzini. Akunzima ukudla
AmaJuda anakho iholide - iPurim, okuyinto ikhalenda yenyanga iwela njalo ngonyaka ngezinsuku ezahlukene zikaMashi. Ngosuku lowesifazane onamandla, indlovukazi enesibindi nohlakaniphile u-Esteri, owasindisa amaJuda ngobuqili ekubhujisweni ngo-480 BC, eqinisweni, ngezindleko zamashumi ezinkulungwane zamaPheresiya. Abanye bazama ukuxhuma ngqo i-Purim nomlando wemvelaphi yeholide ngo-Mashi 8. Kodwa, ngokuphambene nokucabangela, uClara Zetkin wayengewona ongumJuda (nakuba umJuda wayeyindoda yakhe u-Osip), futhi akungabazeki ukuthi wayezocabanga ngokuhlanganisa usuku lomzabalazo wabesifazane besifazane baseYurophu eholidini lamaJuda.