AFP - kuyini?

Ngokuvamile, besifazane, besesimweni, banikezela izivivinyo eziningi, kuhlelwe futhi ngokusho kwemithi kadokotela, ohola ukukhulelwa. Futhi uma, ngokwesibonelo, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-progesterone yiyiphi, i-AFP yiphi nokuthi yikuphi igazi elachitheka ngoba liyaziwa ngambalwa.

I-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) iyingxenye yeprotheni eyenziwa ngokuqondile esibhedlela nesibindi semibungu.

I-AFP ishintsha kanjani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Isetshenziselwa ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngezinhlobo ezehlukene zokukhubazeka esigabeni sesisu sokuthuthukiswa komntwana. Esikhathini sokuqala sokuthuthukiswa, le phrotheni ikhiqizwa ngumzimba ophuzi. Kakade kusukela ekuqaleni kweviki lesi-5 lokukhulelwa, ingane iqala ukuyikhiqiza yona yedwa. Ngakho-ke, i-alpha-fetoprotein idlala indima yokuvikelwa kwe-fetus, ngaphandle kwamathuba okulahla umbungu ngomzimba womama.

Njengoba ukuhlushwa kwe-AFP emkhunjini kuyanda, ukugxila kwayo kukhula egazini likaMama. Ngakho-ke, izinga eliphezulu lamaprotheni lingamaviki angu-13-16 kuphela. Yingakho i-AFP inokukhulelwa okuqhubekayo, owesifazane ozenzayo ngalolu suku. Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwalokhu amaprotheni kufinyelela emavikini angama-32-34, emva kwalokho kancane kancane kunciphisa. Ngakho, ngonyaka ongu-1 izinga le-alpha-fetoprotein emzimbeni wemvuthu lifinyelela inani elivamile.

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-AFP kunqunywe kanjani?

Ngokuvamile, abesifazane abakhulelwe, banikela ngegazi ku-AFP, abazi ukuthi kuyini, futhi ngokufanele, abazi amazinga okujwayelekile. Ukukwaziswa okujwayelekile emazweni amaningi ekuqhubeni ukuhlaziywa okunjalo yi-MoM (ephakathi). Kubalwa ngokubala inani elilinganiselwe kumanani we-protein-level pre-set. Kulesi simo, isikhathi esithile sokukhulelwa yisici sokubaluleka kwayo. Indlela evamile ye-AFP ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ukuguquka kokuhlushwa kwalokhu amaprotheni ngaphakathi kuka 0.5-2.5 MoM.

Uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwe-AFP ngaphezu kwalokhu kuvamile, odokotela bacabanga ukuthi kune-pathology ebusweni noma ukuphulwa emzimbeni wesifazane okhulelwe. Ngakho, isithombe esifanayo singabonwa lapho:

• ukukhulelwa okuningi ;
• i-necrosis yesibindi;
• ukuhlukumeza kwe-tube ye-neural ye-fetus;
• ukwelashwa kwodonga lwangaphakathi lwesisu;
• i-hernia embilical emntwaneni .

Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa nini ku-AFP?

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kokunquma izinga le-AFP kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kungasetshenziselwa ukucacisa izifo zamadoda hhayi abesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngakho-ke, kaningi uma kukhona ukusola kwe-oncology, izinga le-AFP lenza indima ye-oncomarker, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu odlula ukuhlaziywa owaziyo ukuthi uyini. Ngakho ukwanda kwezinga lala maprotheni emzimbeni kungabangelwa yi:

• umdlavuza wesibindi, ama-pancreas, i-colon;
• isisu se-bronchus;
• i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
• i-hepatitis eguquguqukayo yegciwane;
• ukwehluleka okungenangqondo kwe-renal.

Njengoba ubona, uhlu lwezifo lapho kuhlaziywa khona lokhu kukhulu kakhulu.

Kulungile kanjani ukunikela ngokuhlaziywa kwe-AFP?

Ukuhlaziywa kwe-AFP ngokwayo akusizi ngokwanele. Ngakho-ke, njalo idatha yakhe isekelwa yi-ultrasound. Ngokuvamile ekukhulelweni, kanye nokuzimisela kwezinga le-alpha-fetoprotein, izinga lama hormone e-placental linqunywa, okwenza umjozi wezifo ukuhlola isimo sesimiso sezinyosi ze-fetus. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngokuzimisela kwe-gonadotropin ye-chorionic egazini.

Ukuqhuba lesi sifundo, igazi lisuswa emthanjeni wesifazane okhulelwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isikhathi esifanele singamaviki angu-14-15, kodwa ucingo lungenziwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwamasonto angu-14-20. Njengokuhlolwa okuningi, i-AFP yenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho, ekuseni. Kulesi simo, emva kokudla kokugcina kufanele kuthathe okungenani amahora angu-4-6.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziywa kwe-AFP kuvumela ukuhlonza okwesikhashana kokukhubazeka kwengane.