Ukonakala kwenzeka uma kukhona ukucasuka kwamamukeli atholakala emoyeni. Isizathu salokhu singase sibe khona ku-bronchi yomzimba wangaphandle, amanzi, isikhukhula, kanye nenqubo yokuvuvukala. Ama-antibiotics okukhwehlela kubantu abadala akusikho ithuluzi lokukhipha inombolo eyodwa. Udinga ukuzithatha kuphela ezimweni ezithile. Uma kungenjalo, isimo singase sibe sibi nakakhulu.
Kuziphi izimo kunconywa ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ukukhwehlela kubantu abadala?
Abaningi babheka izidakamizwa - izidakamizwa ezinamandla ezikwazi ukubhekana nanoma iyiphi inkinga yempilo. Kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Izidakamizwa neqiniso ziyasebenza kakhulu, kepha kuphela izifo ezivela kubhaktheriya - okungukuthi, lezo ezibangelwa amabhaktheriya.
Njengomthetho, ama-antibiotic okukhwehlela okukhulu kubantu abadala anqunywe uma:
- i-tracheitis;
- i-bronchitis;
- i-pneumonia;
- isifo sofuba;
- I-Pleurisy nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi imvelaphi yebhaktheriya ikhokhiswa kanjani, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlole ukuhlolwa kwe-laboratory of sputum. Imiphumela emihle ingaboniswa ngu:
- izinga lokushisa ama-degrees angu-39 nangaphezulu;
- uhlobo oluqhubekayo lwesifo;
- ukuphefumula okukhulu;
- izimpawu zokudakwa.
Yiziphi antibiotics ezivame ukuthatha uma zikhwehlela kubantu abadala?
Njengoba sekuyaziwa, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukene zezidakamizwa zokulwa nocansi:
- I-Tetracyclines iyanqanda ngokuphumelelayo ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni, kodwa aphikisana nabesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abanezifo zesibindi kanye nabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili ubudala.
- Ngokufanayo, izinto ezinyakazayo ziyasebenza. Kodwa ngokungafani nabameleli beqembu langaphambilini, zibekezeleleke kahle neziguli ezincane.
- Ngokuvamile lapho ukukhwehlela owomile kubantu abadala, ama-antibiotics-aminopenicillin anqunywe. Zichitha izindonga zamabhaktheriya, okubangela ukufa kwalokhu okulandelayo.
- Uma ama-penicillin engasebenzi, ochwepheshe bezosiza nge-cephalosporins. Izidakamizwa ze-antibacterial zaleli qembu zinesenzo eside, ngakho-ke ezimweni eziningi zanele ukuthatha kanye kuphela ngosuku.
- Ama-antibiotics avela ohlwini lwe-fluoroquinolones yokukhwehlela kubantu abadala asekela ngokuphazanyiswa kwenqubo yokwakhiwa kwama-microorganisms e-pathogenic. Ngeshwa, ukuphumelela kwabo ngeke kuhlolwe ngabomama abasha nabahlengikazi, iziguli ezinesifo sokuphuza noma ukungaboni ngaso linye kulo muthi.
Amagama we-antibiotic ethandwa kakhulu asetshenziselwa ukukhwehlela kubantu abadala
- I- Sumamed engcono kakhulu ibonakale ekwelapheni i-angina, i-sinusitis, i-otitis, imfiva ebomvu, i-bronchitis. Thatha kanye ngosuku, cishe ihora ngaphambi noma amahora amabili emva kokudla. Uma ukudlula ngokweqile kungenzeka, izimpawu zesifo sohudo, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.
- I-Macropen imele iqembu le-macrolide. I-dose yansuku zonke evunyelwe kakhulu yemithi ayi-1.6 amagremu. Qhubeka uthatha isidingo se-Macrofen kusukela ngesonto ukuya ezinsukwini ezingu-12.
- I-Azitrox inezinyathelo eziningi ezenzakalelayo. Inkambo yokwelashwa ejwayelekile ihlala ezinsukwini ezintathu kuya kwezingu-5. Ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo, kunconywa ukuthi basebenzise izidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane ngisho nalapho bekhwehlela ezinhlotsheni ezinganakiwe ze-pneumonia yebhaktheriya.
- Ukusuka ngokushesha kufinyelela ezingxenyeni ezijulile zezicubu ezivuthayo. Izinga eliphezulu labantu abadala yi 250 mg. Imithi kufanele ithathwe ngomlomo kabili ngosuku. Iviki yokwelashwa kuyokwanela ukuqeda izimpawu nokuvimbela ukukhwehlela.
Lapha, yimuphi amanye ama-antibiotic angcono ekukhwehleleni umuntu omdala:
- Grammidine;
- I-azithromycin ;
- I-Moxifloxacin;
- Levofloxacin;
- I-Augmentin;
- Ampioks;
- Amoxiclav;
- Tsefpir;
- Cefazolin ;
- I-Clarithromycin.