Ukuzwa, uma ikhanda libuhlungu, lijwayele umuntu ngamunye. Abanye abantu bajwayele ukubona lokhu njengento engabalulekile, futhi bengacabangi ngesibangela sokubukeka kobuhlungu, basuse nephilisi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, lesi sibonakaliso ngokuvamile sibonisa izifo ezinzima ezidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile.
Izinhlobo zamakhanda
Uma ikhanda libuhlungu, lokhu akusho ukuthi izinzwa ezivela ezicubu zobuchopho, ngoba azikho izilawu ezibuhlungu kuzo. Ubuhlungu buvela futhi buvela ekucaseni noma ukuhlukumeza kwesinye sezici ekhanda noma entanyeni lapho kunezinkinga zokuthola ubuhlungu: i-periosteum yamathambo e-skull, ama-craneal kanye nemisipha yomgogodla, intamo nomsizi wekhanda, imishanguzo, imithanjeni, izono zangasese, amehlo, izicubu ezingaphansi, i-membrane . Lapho i-receptor yezinhlungu ithola ukuvuselela okuthakazelisayo, ithumela isibonakaliso kumaseli ezinzwa zobuchopho, ukubika ubuhlungu endaweni ethile.
Kuye indawo, imvelo nezimbangela zomsuka, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsizwa, kodwa kungase kunzima ukubona izinhlobo ezithile ezidinga ukulandelwa isikhathi eside kwesiguli kanye nochungechunge lwezifundo. Ikhanda lihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
- Okuyisisekelo - lezo ezingahlotshaniswa nezifo eziphilayo kanye nezinkinga zomzimba emzimbeni, ngokuvamile zivela ngokungahleliwe futhi ziyizimele ezizimele ezizimele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: i-migraine, ubuhlungu bezinkinga, ubuhlungu beqoqo, isifo esingenasifo se-paroxysmal hemicrania (akuvamile).
- Sekondari - kubangelwa yizi noma ezinye izifo ze-pathologies futhi zivela ngokumelene nesizinda sabo, senza njengenye yezimpawu, futhi zingabangela izici ezibuhlungu. Leli qembu liqukethe izinhlobo eziningi zobuhlungu: ukudakwa, isifo esithuthumayo, isono, i-hypertensive, i-myogenic, i-neuralgic, i-vascular nokunye.
Inhloko yesifo
Elinye igama lezokwelashwa zalolu hlobo lobuhlungu yilona ikhanda lezinhlobo zokuhlukumeza. Ngokwezibalo, cishe amaphesenti angu-90 wezinkinga ezibangelwa ikhanda ahlupheka nalesi sibonakaliso. Ngokuvamile lokhu kungakhathazeki ngokuqina okuncane noma okulinganisela kuchazwe njengokucindezela, ukuvimbela, ngomzwelo wezinkinga emisipha yentamo nekhanda. Ezimweni eziningi, izinzwa zendawo zihambisana ngokulinganisa, ikhanda libuhlungu ebunzini, iso, ubuhlungu emasimini, esifundeni separietal.
Ukubukeka kwesibindi kuyinto ejwayelekile engxenyeni yesibili yosuku, kusihlwa. Ukuhlaselwa okujwayelekile kubamba amahora angu-4-6, kepha ngezinye izikhathi uphawu lukhona izinsuku eziningana, amasonto ngisho neminyaka. Uma ikhanda lihlala lilimaza, "i-headache engapheliyo yoluhlobo oluthile" iyatholakala. Ngokufana nobuhlungu, ngokuvamile ukubonakala okunjalo kubonakala: ukukhathala, ukwehlisa ukuhlushwa, ukuntuleka kwesifiso, ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Kulesi simo, ubukhulu bobuhlungu abukhathaniswa nomsebenzi womzimba, ukukhanya nomsindo akubalulekile.
Ubuhlungu be-Cluster
Ukuhlaselwa okungajwayelekile futhi okuzenzekelayo okuvelayo okuzwakalayo okubuhlungu kakhulu, okuqala ukubeka indlebe, bese ikhanda nelanga lilimaza kakhulu (kaningi ngakwesinye isandla), ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu bubonakala endaweni yethempeli, ebunzini, emathunjini. Ukuhlaselwa kobuhlungu kuphila isikhathi esifushane, kodwa landela uchungechunge ngomunye ngezinsuku ezimbalwa, amasonto, izinyanga. Phakathi nosuku ngokuvamile kuvame iziqephu ezintathu, ezigulini eziningi ubuhlungu buphawulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokunemba kwe-clockwork mechanism.
Ngaphezu kokubhoboza okukhulu, ukuqothula, ukuhlunguphaza, iziguli ziphawula ukubonakala kwezibonakaliso ezilandelayo:
- ubomvu nokuvuvukala kwamehlo;
- ukulila;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ubomvu buso;
- ukuminyanisa kwamanzi;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula;
- umbono ongenalutho;
- isilinganiso senhliziyo esheshayo;
- ukuvusa okuqinile.
Isiguli ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwekhanda lezinhlanzi ze- cluster asikwazi ukuhlala esimweni esithulile, sibheke njalo indawo lapho ubuhlungu obungenakuzwa khona kakhulu.
Amakhanda - aguqa
Olunye uhlobo oluyinhloko lwezinsizwa i-migraine, ngokuvamile evame ukuhlaselwa njalo. Ukuzwa okubuhlungu kwezinye izimo kulandelwa i-aura - isethi yezimpawu ezithile, phakathi kwazo:
- ukucubungula (ukuhlolisisa, okubonwayo, ukunambitheka, okwenzakalayo noma okubhaliwe);
- umbono ongenakwenzeka;
- inkulumo ehlelekile;
- isiyezi kanye nabanye.
Eziningi zeziguli, i-aura ivela kanyekanye nobuhlungu ekhanda. Ngenye ingxenye yeziguli azikho i-aura, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa, ikhanda libuhlungu njalo futhi lihlanza noma kukhona ukukhanya, ukuphosa.
Uma i- migraine ikhanda liyingxenye eyodwa ngokuqina okuhlukile, igxila ubuhlungu emathempelini, ezingxenyeni zangaphambili, ezise-ocular kanye nama-maxillary, kaningi kakhulu esifundeni se-occipital. Iziguli zichaza ukuzwa njengokutshala, ukuqhubeka, ukukhulisa kunoma yikuphi ukucasula. Iziqephu zivame ukugcinwa izikhathi ezingu-2-8 ngenyanga, zivela nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku, kuhlanganise nobusuku. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaselwa kwe-migraine kuhlotshaniswa nokucindezeleka kwangaphambilini, ukudlula ngokweqile, ukusebenzisa iziphuzo ezithile nezitsha, imithi, izinguquko zesimo sezulu.
Isihloko se-Sinus
Enye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zezikhanda zomsuka wesibili, lapho ikhanda nekhala libuhlungu, kuyisihlungu sesin. Ukubukeka kwalo kubangelwa ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yesono esisodwa noma ngaphezulu - izoni zomoya ezisezintweni ezisezintweni zendawo ebusweni be-skull. Ngokuvamile ukukhathazeka kubangelwa ukufakwa komgodi oxhumanisa lesi sinus ngesigxobo somzimba, okwenza ukuba i-mucus iqoqe esonus futhi ikhulise ukucindezela.
Kanye nobuhlungu, obunomqondo ocindezelayo, obunokucindezela futhi obugxile emehlweni, ebunzini, emathunzini, emlonyeni omkhulu, ukuvuvukala kwezono ( sinusitis ) kuneminye imibonakaliso:
- khipha emakhaleni;
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- umuzwa ongenakwenzeka wokunuka;
- ubuthakathaka.
Ukuzwa okungazwakalayo kuyathuthukiswa ngokuguqula ikhanda nokucindezela ekuhloleni kwesigamu esithintekayo.
Izinwele - Izimbangela
Uma izimbangela zezinyosi ezivela emzimbeni wesibili zingachazwa ngesifo esithile, lapho i-symptomatology iyanyamalala, ubuhlungu obuyinhloko buyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuyihlolisisa nokuthola izici ezibenza bakhuthele. Zonke izinhlobonhlobo zobuhlungu obuyisisekelo aziqondi kahle, futhi kunezinkolelo eziningi zemvelaphi yazo. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalezi zinzwa kuthiwa:
- ukufeza;
- ukukhathazeka ngokomzwelo;
- umsebenzi womzimba;
- imikhuba emibi;
- ushintsho esizindeni se-hormonal;
- hlala endaweni engakhululekile;
- hlala egumbini elithengisayo;
- ukusebenza ngokwemvelo;
- ukwephulwa kokulala;
- ukushintsha kwendawo yesikhathi.
Sibala izifo ezivame ukuvusa ikhanda lesinye lesibili:
- ukuphefumula kwesifo se-cerebral ;
- ukucindezeleka komzimba;
- izicubu zobuchopho;
- i-glaucoma;
- i-meningitis ;
- i-encephalitis;
- i-osteochondrosis yomlomo wesibeletho nezinye.
Ukukhanda ikhanda
Uma ikhanda ngezinye izikhathi libuhlungu kakhulu, futhi izinzwa zifana nemvelo, zitholakala endaweni efanayo, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukusola ama-echoes okulimala kwe-craniocerebral, i-osteochondrosis yesifunda somlomo wesibeletho, i-migraine. Ukuze uqonde imbangela, kubalulekile ukuhlaziya izimo lapho kubonakala khona ukukhathazeka, okuyiqinisa, yikuphi ukubonakaliswa okwenzeka ngokufana.
Ukukhanda ikhanda kubangela
Ikhanda elihlala njalo, elidlulayo, elibangela ubuthakathaka, linciphisa ukusebenza kahle futhi lithinta indlela ejwayelekile yokuphila, kuvame ukubonakaliswa kwenqubo eyingozi yokwelapha. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubangelwa ukubonakala kwezimo ezihlukahlukene ze-neoplasms ezinhlobonhlobo zobuchopho: izicubu ezinobuthi nezingozi, ama-cysts, aneurysms njalonjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda lingagula njalo ngaphansi kwethonya lezingozi zomsebenzi, imithi.
Kuthiwani uma ikhanda lami libuhlungu?
Ezwa uphawu olubuhlungu, wonke umuntu ucabanga ukuthi angasusa kanjani ikhanda ngokushesha. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi bangazibandakanyi nemithi yokwelashwa, kepha ukuze bafune usizo lwezokwelapha ukuze bahlolisise, banqume ukuthi yini ebangela ukuthi ukhethe ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kudokotela kuyadingeka ezimweni ezinjalo:
- inhloko ekhanda yabonakala ngokuzumayo futhi okokuqala;
- ubuhlungu buhambisana nokulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukwephulwa kokuphefumula, ukuhlanza, ukungabikho komzimba, ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo, ukukhubazeka;
- ubuhlungu obukhulu ekhanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- Ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu okukodwa kunamandla kakhulu kunakuqala.
Amalungiselelo ekhanda
Ukwelashwa kwekhanda kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezimbangela zokubonakaliswa futhi kunconywe udokotela. Ngokuvamile, ukuqeda isibonakaliso, izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zinconywa ezinikezwa kuma-pharmacy ngaphandle kwemithi:
- Ibuprofen;
- I-Paracetamol;
- I-Citramon;
- Kodwa-shpa;
- Analgin;
- I-Aspirin;
- I-Spazmolgon;
- I-Tempalgin;
- I-Pentalgin;
- I-Baralgin.
Ukubhubhisa kusuka ekhanda
Inqubo elula kodwa ephumelelayo ixuba kusuka ekhanda ekhaya. Okokuqala, emva kokuthatha isikhundla esiphezulu esimweni sokuhlala, ungakwazi ukusikhipha yonke isikhumba somzimba ngethiphu leminwe yakho, ikhefu lokusikhipha noma umshini wokusikhipha ikhanda, welula imisipha yentamo namahlombe. Uma ukuphumula kungafiki, ungathinta amaphuzu wokugubha okwenziwa ezindaweni ezilandelayo:
- emigodini yesikhashana eduze nomngcele wezingxenye zezinwele;
- maphakathi nendawo ye-occipital;
- emazingeni aphakeme kakhulu emashiya;
- emkhatsini wegceke lomhlathi ophansi kanye nenqubo ye-mastoid yethambo lesikhashana;
- eseceleni kuka 2-3 mm ukusuka ekhoneni elingaphakathi leso elibhekene nekhala.
- phakathi kwesithupha nesithombe sangaphambili.
Amakhambi omphakathi wekhanda
Ukuze unciphise isimo, uma nsuku zonke ikhanda libuhlungu, izikhambi ezilandelayo ezilula zizosiza:
- Yenza ibheji elishisayo (imizuzu emi-5-10).
- Faka imizuzu embalwa emathempelini iqabunga eligcotshwe iklabishi, iqabunga lomvini noma isinhlamvu.
- Sika i-clove kagalikhi ngesigamu bese uphonsa ikhanda, amathempeli nangemuva kwekhanda.
- Faka i-lavender, i-eucalyptus, i-rosemary noma i-mint.
- Phuza itiye ku-sage, i-linden, i-mint, i-primrose.