Labo abazovakashela i- Indonesia bayoba nesithakazelo emasikweni nasekwenzeni, izinkambiso zamasiko zombuso. I-Indonesia yizwe elinamaqembu amaningi, ngakho-ke kufanele sikhulume kabanzi nge-multiculturalism. Isiko sase-Indonesia sathonywa kakhulu yizinkolo ezithi abantu balo - ngokungafani kwamaHindu, amaBuddhism namaSulumane. Futhi ekwakheni amasiko amasiko, amathonya avela ngaphandle - eChina, India, emazweni aseYurophu, ayengaba "abanikazi" balezi zindawo phakathi nenkathi yamaqaba yobuqaba (ikakhulukazi iHolland nePortugal) adlala indima enkulu.
Amasiko wokuziphatha nolwimi
Isiko samasiko nezindlela zamanje zase-Indonesia zakhiwe ngokuyinhloko ngaphansi kwethonya lamaSulumane, okuyinto inkolo evelele ezweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubantu base-Indonesiya, kubaluleke kakhulu le mqondo:
- gotong royong - ukuzimisela ukusiza umuntu owudinga;
- musyawarah - ingxoxo, ukushintshaniswa kwemibono;
- imvume ye-mufakat, ezuzwa ngemva kokushintshaniswa kwemibono ezindabeni ezibalulekile.
I-archipelago isebenzisa izilimi ezingaba ngu-250, ngokuvamile iyingxenye yeqembu lamaMalay-Polynesian. Ulimi olusemthethweni esiqhingini sama-Indonesian; lakhiwa ngesisekelo samaMalaysia, kodwa sinamagama amaningi angaphandle - i-Dutch, isiPutukezi, isiNdiya, njll.
Art
Ubuciko be-Indonesia buye lwasithonywa yinkolo:
- Umculo nomdanso. Amasiko okudansa nomculo-ubuciko bezobuciko asekelwe emlandweni wamaHindu. Amafomu okuqala futhi ahlukahlukene kakhulu yiziko zomculo zabantu baseJava , ezakhiwe ngaphansi kwethonya lamaNdiya, kamuva zathonya isiko kwezinye izingxenye zase-Indonesia. Umculo wendabuko wase-Indonesian ubonakala ngezilinganiso ezimbili: i-5-step selendero ne-7-step pelog. Ingxenye yezinsimbi iyaphumelela ngaphezu kwezwi. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-gamelan - umculo wokuxuba, owenziwe ngokuyinhloko kuma-instrument instruments.
- Ukudweba. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalokhu buciko nakho kwathonywa amaHindu (izithombe eziqala zavela lapha ekhulwini le-7 AD, futhi zifanekisa kakhulu izigcawu ezivela emasikweni amaHindu nama-Indian epics), futhi kamuva - iBuddhism.
- Izakhiwo. Izakhiwo zase-Indonesia ziye zathola ithonya eliphawulekayo lalezi zinhlangano zenkolo. Ngandlela-thile, i-Indonesia iyisici, ngokugcina imikhuba namasiko eHindu namaBuddha, ukwakha amathempeli ezinkolo ezehlukene ngaphakathi kwethempeli elifanayo, izici ezivamile.
- Ukudweba. Kodwa umdwebo wase-Indonesia wathonywa kakhulu amazwe aseNtshonalanga, ikakhulukazi - isikole saseDutch. Umsunguli wesikole sase-Indonesia esihle kakhulu u-Raden Saleh, umdabu waseJava, ofundiswa eNetherlands.
Ubuciko bezwe
Enye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zobuciko bendabuko kulezi ziqhingi yi-batik, isiko sakhe esiza lapha eNdiya, kodwa kamuva sathuthukiswa futhi sathola izici zomhlaba. Eminye imikhiqizo yendabuko yabantu base-Indonesia nayo kufanele ibizwe ngokuthi:
- ikat - indwangu eboshwe ngesandla ebuchwepheni obukhethekile, lapho izintambo ze-warp zidwetshwe ngemibala ehlukene, futhi amadada ahlala e-monochrome;
- ingoma - indwangu yeselk , eboshwe ngesiliva kanye / noma izintambo zegolide, lapho izintambo zezinsimbi eziyigugu zihamba phezu kwesisekelo;
- isikhali - isizwe sase-Indonesian isizwe - induku ene-asymmetrical blade, inomqondo onamandla onamandla;
- Ukuhlobisa ngezandla .
Ikhishi
Isiko se-Gastronomic sase-Indonesia sakhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya lamanye amazwe, ngokuyinhloko eChina. Izitsha eziningi lapha ziboleka ekudleni kweShayina; ezinye zazo zahlala zingashintshi, abanye bathola ukunambitheka kwezwe. Kodwa e-Indonesia, njengaseMbusweni ophakathi, irayisi yilona mkhiqizo omkhulu.