Eziqhingini eziningi ezizimele, ungathola imbali yokuhlobisa (i-second name is-rose-rose), enezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo (cishe ngo-60) nemibala ehlukahlukene engakwazi ukwanelisa ukunambitheka kokubili kwamasimu kanye nomklami wezwe.
Flower mallow - izinhlobo
Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-mallow, umuntu angathola izitshalo zonyaka, ze-biennial nezisetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Imbali ye-mallow, eyinhlobo yeminyaka emibili nonyaka ehlala isikhathi eside, i-blooms kuphela ngonyaka wesibili ngemuva kokufika kwayo emhlabathini. Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-mallow zihlala isikhathi eside, zikhule zibe ngu-180-200 cm, zibe neziqu ezinkulu futhi ziyaqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya emakhazeni, ethandwa kakhulu kuzo zingachazwa kanje:
- Malva kuyinto pink. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu, ezihlakulelwe zikhula zibe ngu-200-250 cm. Izimbali ziqhubeka kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuSeptemba, umbala uvela ezimhlophe, pink, ophuzi, obomvu, i-lilac, i-violet.
- I-Malva ibumbene. Lokhu okuhlukahluka, ngokuba isihlobo sasendle se-mallow ebomvana, asihloniphekile, sinamaqhwa, sihlotshaniswa nezimbali ezinkulu ezikhanyayo eziphuzi.
- I-mallow i-musky. Izinhlobonhlobo ziphansi, ngokungafani nezangaphambili, zinomsindo omnandi, izimbali zitholakala kakhulu, zibukeka zihle kakhulu kusayithi.
- I-Malva ihlathini. Lesi sitshalo sithempelini, siqhakaza zonke izinyanga zasehlobo, sihlukahluka ngemibala ehlukahlukene.
Malva osetshenziswa isikhathi eside
I-flower mallow zisetshenziswa isikhathi eside sezimbali, indawo lapho itshalwe khona ayilahlekelwa ukuhlobisa kwayo kuze kube sekuwa. Lesi sitshalo sithanda ukushisa nokukhanya, ngakho-ke khetha indawo yokutshala okungapheliyo lapho kunelanga eliningi futhi akukho moya kanye nemidwebo. Isixazululo esihle kakhulu sizobe sihlwanyela izitshalo ngezicingo noma izindonga zokwakha, ezinye izinhlobo, ikakhulukazi ezide kakhulu, zidinga i-garter. Ukukhula nokunakekela imbali akulula, isitshalo singakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kalula nezimo zethu zezulu, sidinga ukunakwa okuncane.
Ngonyaka ka-Malva
Izinhlobo zonyaka zamallow zikhula kancane (30-120 cm) kunezikhathi ezikhula isikhathi eside, ngenxa yalekhwalithi ayidingi ukwesekwa okungeziwe. Umnyaka owodwa we-stock-rose unamahlamvu aluhlaza, uhamba kahle, unesiqu esinamandla, awuhambisani nesifo. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo singabizwa ngokuthi umbala ogqamile wezimbali okhulayo ngeziqu, ngamunye wesitshalo ubonakala umangalisa kakhulu.
Isitshalo esinezinyanga ezilodwa esingasetshenziselwa ukutshala singasetshala ezitsheni zomhlabathi noma izimbali, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kubonakala kuhle. Abalimi abaningi bayakwazisa ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zonyaka ngenxa yokungathobeki kwabo, banomsoco, badinga ukuphuziswa izikhathi ezimbili noma kathathu ngenyanga. Ukuvuthwa kwe-blolow kuqala ngasekupheleni kukaJune, kuphelile ngasekupheleni kwekwindla (uma ekwindla kungabanda). Ukuzala ngokuzimela ngembewu, kungakhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka eminingi.
Malva - ukufika
Ukutshala emhlabathini kuveza imbewu kanye nezithombo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, emva kwenhlabathi ivuselela kahle, noma ekwindla ngasekupheleni, ngaphansi kwebusika. Ukuhluma okuhle kunayo yonke imbewu enempilo yamashalofu eminyaka emibili. Ukuze izithombo ezikhulayo, imbewu kufanele itshalwe ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, futhi ku-20 Meyi izithombo ezikhulile zitshalwe ensimini. Uma lesi sitshalo sitshalwe ezitshalweni ngasentwasahlobo, sizohluma ekuqaleni. Khetha isayithi enomhlabathi omile (loam), ogalelwe kahle, ungakhululwa kusengaphambili, ukunambitheka nge-humus.
Isitshalo se-mallow sitshalwe imbewu
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukuba batshale imbewu encane entwasahlobo, bagweme ukutshala kwebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, enhlabathini evuliwe ngaphambili futhi ekhulelwe, yenza izimbobo endaweni ejulile ye-3 cm ebangeni lokungenani ama-25-30 cm komunye nomunye, faka imbewu ka 2-3 kuyo, ufafaze umhlaba kanye ne-pound kancane. Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela inhlabathi isetshenziswe kahle ngamanzi, ikhava ngefilimu ye-polyethylene ukuvuvukala okusheshayo nokuhluma kwembewu.
Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, emva kwezinsuku ezingaba ngu-7-10, i-polyethylene ihlanzekile futhi ihlwanyele izithombo. I-Malva, etshalwe ngendlela evulekile emhlabathini ovulekile, iqala ukuqhuma kuphela ngonyaka ozayo, ehlobo lokuqala lesi sitshalo sakha kuphela isikhwama seqabunga. Uma ukutshalwa kwe-mallow kusuka emzimbeni kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhululekile futhi ngokunakekelwa kahle, kuyoba nokuzimela kwonyaka, emva kwalokho imbali ivuselelwa yedwa.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo ze-mallow?
I-Malva ikhula ngonyaka ozayo ngemuva kokutshala, uma ufuna ukuthola isitshalo sezimbali ngonyaka wokutshala, kuwukuhlakanipha ukukhulisa izithombo kuqala. Ukuze ukhule izithombo, landela imithetho elula:
- ukutshala imbewu ezinqolobaneni ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, ekuqaleni kukaMashi;
- Izitshalo zikhule kahle kakhulu ezitsheni ze-peat, ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Ngokulandelayo, izinkomishi kanye nezithombo ezihlumayo zitshala kalula emhlabathini;
- isitsha esinokumboza izithombo nge-ifilimu noma ingilazi ebonakalayo, ukuhlinzeka nge-microclimate enomswakama nefudumele;
- Qiniseka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokutshala ekamelweni aliphansi kune-18-22 ° C;
- Ukukhula okujwayelekile okutshalayo kwenzeka ngokukhanya okwanele; uma kunesidingo, kuhlelwa ukukhanya okungeziwe;
- spray sprinkles njalo.
Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-mallow emhlabathini ovulekile, ukukhula okuncane kungenziwa kanzima, le nqubo kufanele iphindwe nsuku zonke isikhathi esithile. Nsuku zonke zithatha ama-container amahora ambalwa ngezitshalo endaweni epholile, lokhu kuzosiza isitshalo ngemuva kokufika endaweni evulekile ukuvumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo zemvelo.
Ama-flower mallow - izinsuku zokutshala
Ukutshala izimbali ezincane kungenzeka kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ezitshalweni ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari nasekuqaleni kukaMashi, ukutshala ngoMeyi-Juni emhlabathini, ekupheleni kukaJulayi uzothola i-mallow yezimbali. Ukutshala ukulimala entwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho elandelayo:
- ukhethe isikhathi ekupheleni kukaMeyi, ngemuva kokunciphisa amathuba okushisa ebusuku;
- uma ukutshala kwenziwa ngezinhlamvu, zijulise emhlabathini for 2-3 cm;
- ukutshala izimbali izithombo, shiya phakathi kwezitshalo ibanga lika 8-10 cm.
Abalimi abaningi, bekhetha isikhathi sokutshala amallow, sebezijwayele ngemithetho nemibandela yokulima, bakhetha ukuhlwanyela ekwindla. Kulesi simo, lezi zimiso ezilandelayo kumele zifinyelelwe:
- Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sokutshala ekwindla ngenyanga kaSeptemba;
- Izimbobo kumele zenziwe ekujuleni okungenani ama-3 cm;
- Fafaza nge-peat;
- Ebusika, izithombo zihlanganiswe ngendwangu yetshani noma amaqabunga awile;
- Amahlumela asanda kuphuma entendeni yasentwasahlobo, esindisa kusukela ku-frost.
Ukukhula kwe-Malva
Abaqalayo bezimbali, befunda indlela yokukhulisa i-mallow, bayakujabulela ukuhlakulela le mbali engenakuzithoba, yokuhlobisa isakhiwo sayo. Izidingo eziyisisekelo zokukhula kwe-mallow zimbalwa, futhi zilula kakhulu:
- inhlabathi yokutshala ikhetha okuxekethile (loam), idliwe kahle;
- Indawo yokuzalanisa kufanele ilanga, isitshalo sibekezelela kalula isomiso, kodwa asiyithandi umswakama owedlulele;
- Ukuphuza kudinga ukulinganisa, kodwa njalo;
- njalo wenze ukudla, okungcono kakhulu okungokwemvelo kukhona ama-humus kanye nomquba (2-3 kg per 1 square metre).
Flower mallow - ukunakekelwa
Ukunakekela i-mallow endle kubuye kulula. Lesi sitshalo sikhula endaweni evulekile, kodwa sikhuthazela kalula i-penumbra. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhulule umhlabathi ngendlela ehlelekile, ngezinye izikhathi kungenziwa umanyolo oqukethe i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Njengoba izimbali ze-mallow zikhuphuka phezulu, zigcina zivela ekuphefumulweni komoya, zibophe izitshalo ezikhonkwane eziphakeme. Qinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba unomanzi (amanzi kufanele abe izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto, kuye ngezimo zezulu) futhi kwakungekho ukuqhuma kwamanzi amaningi.
Flower mallow - ukukhiqiza
Phakathi kwalabachwepheshe balimi kunombono wokuthi izimbali ze-mallow zingasakazwa kakhulu yizimbela kunokuba zihlume imbewu futhi zishintshwe emhlabathini obunzima obunzima futhi obunzima, ngakho-ke uhlelo lwabo lwempande luzoqina futhi luhlale luhlala njalo. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-mallow, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo zazo ezimbili noma i-hybrid, ezikhethiwe ngokuzalanisa, zihlakazwa ngokusika, ngokuhlukanisa, kugcinwa izimfanelo ezihlukahlukene, ngoba imbewu yabo ayihlale iphethe izici eziphilayo. Ngokuhlukanisa izicucu ezinkulu kufanele zenzeke entwasahlobo, ehlobo, izihlahla zingadliwa kusukela esitsheni.
Izifo ze-mallow
Ukutshala okufanele nokunakekela mallow kungavimbela ukutholakala kwezifo kule mbali. Ngokuvamile kulezi zitshalo kukhona izifo ezihambisana nomswakama okweqile, ngakho indawo ekhethiwe efanele yokutshala, lapho engeke ikwazi ukuyiqongelela ngokweqile ngemuva kwemvula - iyoba yisiqinisekiso sokukhula kwezihlahla ezinempilo. Izifo ezivame kakhulu ezivela kulezi zimbali ziyi:
- ukugqwala kwamaqabunga;
- isikhumba sebala ne- powdery ;
- isifo somdlavuza;
- i-virus yama-mosaic.
Emva kokuthola izibonakaliso zokuqala zalezi zifo, susa izindawo ezithintekile (ikakhulukazi amaqabunga), uphathe izitshalo nge "Mycosan-B", "Phyto-Doctor", "Trichodermin" noma olunye ukubunjwa okungaqinisekisiwe. Kodwa izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ekulwa nalesi sifo ukuqeda imbangela yokuqala, kungenjalo ukulwa nalesi sifo ngeke kuphumelele.