I-COPD yisifinyezo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Isifo se-etiology engelahleki e-COPD ivela ku-ingress yezinto ezinobuthi ezinqeni ze-bronchi kanye ne-lungs kanye nodhuli nama-gesi. Odokotela baxwayisa: I-COPD yisifo esiyingozi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhomba izimpawu zayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izimpawu ze-COPD
I-COPD yisifo esiqhubeka eminyakeni eminingana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubonakaliswa kwezifo kuphuthumayo ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi isimo sezempilo sesiguli sihla kakhulu. Ukukhushulwa kwe-COPD kuvame ukubonakala njengezimpawu zokutheleleka okubangelwa ukutheleleka ngegciwane lesandulela ngculazi noma i-baconial bronchitis. Ngemva kwesikhashana, kukhona ukuthuthukiswa okwesikhashana esimweni, kodwa izikhathi eziqhubekayo zokuhlukumezeka azigwemeki. Njengoba i-COPD iqhubeka, kukhona ukuthambekela kwezikhathi ezinzima zesifo. Izimpawu ezisemqoka kumuntu omdala okuvumela ukuba usole ukuthi i-COPD yilezi:
- ukukhwehlela okungapheli, okubi nakakhulu ekuseni;
- inani elikhulu le-sputum e-viscous eyabanjwa ngokukhwehlela;
- dyspnoea ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesifo ngisho nomthwalo kancane;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo;
- ubuthakathaka obungapheli emasimini, ukwehla amandla okusebenza;
- ikhanda kanye nosizi;
- ukulala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zamaphaphu, izimpawu ezivamile zeCOPD ziphawulwe, njenge:
- shintsha ngobukhulu besifuba (okuthiwa "umphongolo wesibopho");
- ukubuthakathaka kokuphefumula kanye nenhliziyo umsindo;
- i-cyanosis - ushintsho embala wesikhumba, ziba ziphaphathekile nge-bluish tinge;
- ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yomlomo wesibeletho.
Ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha udokotela udonsela ukunakekelwa kwezibonakaliso "zenhliziyo yepulmari" :
- lapho ulalele ukuhlukaniswa kwezwi lesibili le-cardiac ne-pulmonary component;
- ukulalela ukushaywa kwesondo;
- i-edema yomgwaqo ibonakala;
- ngezinye izikhathi kukhona ukuqhuma kwe-ventricle efanele yenhliziyo ngenxa ye-hyperventilation yamaphaphu.
Ngeshwa, i-COPD ivame ukutholakala ngezigaba ezishesha kakhulu, lapho isimo sesiguli siba nzima futhi singenathemba.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD
Ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD kwenziwa ngesisekelo se-spirometry. Le ndlela eyisisekelo yokuphenya yinkinga yomsebenzi wokuphefumula kwangaphandle. Isiguli sinikezwa ukuphefumula kakhulu kuqala, bese - njengokuphuza okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha exhunywe kudivayisi, izinkomba zihlolwa futhi ziqhathaniswa nomkhuba. Ucwaningo lwesibili lwenziwe ngesigamu sehora, ngaphambi kokuvumela isiguli ukuba siphule imithi ngokusebenzisa i-inhaler.
Ukwengeza, izindlela ezilandelayo zokuhlola zingabelwa:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele;
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-sputum jikelele;
- izinkomba zokuqukethwe kwegesi egazini;
- i-bronchography;
- i-bronchoscopy ;
- ECG;
- I-X-ray itholakala nge-tomography;
- i-fluorography noma i-roentgen.
Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-COPD kuqinisekiswa, isifo sengculazi siqala ukubhekana nodokotela we-pulmonologist. Ngesikhathi esifanayo phakathi nokucindezeleka kwesifo, isiguli sinconywa ukuba sihlale
Ukunakwa sicela! Ochwepheshe be-pulmonary baxwayisa ukuthi ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu engozini yeCOPD. Lesi sifo siqala cishe abangaba ngu-15% ababhemayo abanolwazi. Ukubhema okungahambi kahle nakho kuyimbangela enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kwesifo esiyingozi, ngakho ababhemayo akufanele bacabange nje ngempilo yabo, kodwa futhi nokuphepha kwabathandekayo babo.