Izitho zomzimba ezingenasidingo ezenzeke ngokuzenzekelayo futhi zihambisana nesimo esingavamile sezingxenye zomzimba, umsebenzi we-uncharacteristic motor, ngokuvamile zichaphazela izingane, kodwa futhi zikhona kubantu abadala. I-dystonia yama-muscular iyinhloko noma idiopathic ngamacala angu-90%. Ama-10% asele ahlobene nohlobo lwesibili lwe-pathology.
Izimbangela ze-muscular dystonia syndrome
Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo esicatshangelwayo kwifomu eyinhloko siba nomlando wezinto eziphilayo futhi siqala ukuthuthuka ebuntwaneni bokuqala.
I-dystonia yesibili inezizathu ezilandelayo:
- i-sclerosis amaningi;
- i-cerebral palsy;
- i-drug dystonic syndrome;
- i-encephalitis;
- Isifo sikaWilson-Konovalov ;
- i-pathologies engokwemvelo;
- Isifo sikaHuntington;
- I-Gallerwarden-Spatz syndrome.
Izimpawu ze-dystonia ye-muscular kubantu abadala
Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo zihlanganisa:
- isenzakalo esingajwayelekile esitholakala emilenzeni;
- ukuqina kwemisipha;
- ukuwohloka kokubhala ngesandla;
- ukujibilika okungenasici kwentamo;
- ukunqunywa kwemilenze ngemva kokuhamba okude nokuzikhandla ngokomzimba;
- ukukhazimula njalo kwamehlo.
Esikhathini esizayo, ukubonakaliswa okulandelayo kwemitholampilo kuphawulwe:
- ukuthuthumela kwezandla nekhanda;
- ubuhlungu emisipha kanye nokwehliswa kwemvelo;
- ukuma kwe-pathological (arching of the spine, plantar flexion, stop podvorachivanie stop);
- umsebenzi oqhubekayo womhlathi omncane;
- ukuphambuka kwenhloko nentamo ngakwesokunene nangakwesobunxele;
- ukuphoqa amehlo akho;
- ukunciphisa imisipha yokuhlafuna;
- izwi elibi, elithulu noma eliyinkimbinkimbi;
- i-torticollis ye-spasmodic;
- ukukhubazeka kwenkulumo.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi izifo ezichazwe zibhekisela ezifweni ezingelapheki futhi ziyaqhubeka ziqhubeka. Umgomo wemiphumela yokwelashwa ukunciphisa izimpawu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komsebenzi kanye nokukhululwa okuqinile kwesifo.
Ukwelashwa kwe-dystonia yemisipha
Indlela ehlanganisiwe yokuxazulula inkinga ihlanganisa:
Imithi yokwelapha (medicamentous). Kususa ukulawulwa kwezidakamizwa ze-dopaminergic, anticholinergic kanye ne-GABAergic ehloswe ngokujwayelekile ukwenza izinqubo ze-metabolic nge-neurons. - Ukungena kwe-toxin ye-botulinum. Izindleko ezincane zalesi siphakamiso semisipha, ukuvimbela umzimba ukuba ungathathi izinto ezingokwemvelo.
- Ukuvuselela okujulile kobuchopho ngokusebenzisa ama-electrodes akhethekile.
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba, isethi yokuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Ukwelapha ngesandla, ukusikhipha.