Ehlobo - hhayi nje kuphela isikhathi samaholide, kodwa futhi nokuphakama kokudla okunobuthi ezinganeni. Ukuze ungalimazi iholidi lomndeni, umuntu kufanele ahambisane nemithetho eminingi elula. Cabanga ukuthi kungani ukudla okunobuthi emntwaneni, izimpawu kanye nokuphathwa kokwelashwa kungenzeka.
Ubuhlungu bokudla - Izimbangela
Izinkimbinkimbi zezibonakaliso zokugula ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kokudla okungalungile noma uketshezi oluthile, kwenzeka kaningi kaningi kunabantwana abadala. Ukuze uvikele ingane yakho ezinkingeni zezempilo, kubalulekile ukuqonda, ngenxa yalokho okuthuthukisa uketshezi kokudla kwengane. Izizathu ze-Causal zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
- Ama-infectious agents - amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, ama-microorganisms ama-protozoa.
- Uketshezi izinto eziqukethwe ekudleni kokudla kwemifino, inyama yezilwane - isibonelo, kuma-mushroom angenakulungiswa, amajikijolo, izinhlanzi, ama-molluscs.
- Izinto ezinobuthi ezinobuthi zingamakhemikhali anobuthi afaka imikhiqizo yokudla lapho ephathwa nge-pesticides nokunye okunjalo.
Uma isitoreji esingalungile (ukungalandeli ne-range lokushisa, impilo yeshalofu, imithetho yokupakisha, njll) nokusingatha okungalungile (ukugeza, ukulungiselela ezimweni ezingekho emthethweni, ukungahambisani namasu okupheka, njll.), Imikhiqizo yokudla ingakwazi ukwandisa ngokushesha amagciwane. Kulesi simo, hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngombono, iphunga, ukunambitheka kungase kubonakale kungalungile. Ukungena emzimbeni wezingane ngamanani athile, ama-pathogens agqugquzela ukudla okunobuthi emntwaneni enezimpawu zesimo kanye nesidingo sokwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Izimpawu zokudla ubuthi ezinganeni
Uketshezi lokudla emntwaneni onamabonakaliso kanye nokwelapha ahluke kakhulu kulabo asezikhuleni ezikhulile ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezinyathelweni ezimbili: okulindelekile kanye nesikhathi somfanekiso okhulayo wesitholampilo. Ekuqaleni, lapho izinto ezinobuthi ziqala ukungena egazini, ungabona ubuthakathaka obuthakathaka, u-malaise, ushintsho lokuziphatha, ukwandisa ukujuluka kwengane.
Bese kulandela izimpawu zokudla okunobuthi ezinganeni, isigaba esilandelayo ekungeneni okugcwele kwe-toxin kanye nezifo ezifuywayo ezingena igazi ngaphambi kokuba zisuswe emzimbeni. Okuyinhloko yilokhu:
- isicasuli;
- ukuhlanza ;
- isifo esiswini esiswini;
- ukuvula;
- isifo sohudo;
- i-blanching yesikhumba;
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- ikhanda;
- umlomo owomile.
Ingakanani ingane enesifo sokudla?
Ukuthi ukudla okunobuthi kubonakala ngeziguli ezincane kuxhomeke ezintweni eziningana: ubudala, inani kanye nohlobo lokudla okudliwe, uhlobo lwe-agent causative yokutheleleka noma i-toxin, izici ezithile. Ngokuvamile, kusukela ngesikhathi sokudla nokudla okungafanelekile ekuboneni izimpawu zokuqala ezesabekayo, kuthatha isigamu sehora kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili, ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isidlo esifanayo kubantu abadala asikwazi ukubangela ukugula, tk. Isivikelo somzimba sokuvuthwa siphelele ngokuphumelela ngokwengeziwe kumagciwane. Ezinganeni, noma kunjalo, ukutholakala nobuthi kuphezulu ngenxa yezici ezindala:
- ukuxoshwa okusheshayo kwezinhlayiya ezivela kumlomo we-mucosa, umgudu wamathumbu ngenxa yokujikeleza kwegazi okusebenzayo kanye nokusebenzisa umzimba ngokwezitho;
- kunciphise i-acid esiswini;
- isizukulwane esingekho ngokwanele se-enzyme sokungafaki neutralization nokuqedwa kwezinto ezimbi;
- amandla aphansi okuhlunga izinso.
Yini okufanele uyenze lapho ubuthi obuthakathaka enganeni?
Uketshezi lokudla emntwaneni onokushisa, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwe-37.5 ° C, kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphuthumayo okuphuthumayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushiya izingane ukwelashwa ekhaya ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela akuvumelekile uma:
- umthombo wobuthi - isikhunta , izitshalo ezinobuthi;
- ngenxa yokuhlanza njalo, ingane ayikwazi ukuthatha amanzi;
- iminyaka yengane ingaphansi kweminyaka engama-3;
- Izimpawu ziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa;
- emanzini noma ehlanza izixuku zikhona zegazi;
- ayikho i-excretion yomchamo yamahora angu-6 noma ngaphezulu;
- uma izimpawu ziphuziza esikhumbeni, imfucumfucu, umbono obonakalayo, inkulumo ephikisiwe;
- Ukubonakaliswa okufanayo kungomunye kusuka kumalungu omndeni.
Usizo lokuqala lokudla ubuthi emntwaneni
Abazali abakhathalelayo kudingeka babe nolwazi mayelana nalokho okunikezwa izingane ngesikhathi sokudla ubuthi, yiluphi usizo olunganikezwa ngaphambi kokuba udokotela afike, ukuze angachithi isikhathi esiyigugu. Uketshezi kokudla emntwaneni, izimpawu kanye nokwelapha okuthole ukusabela okwesikhashana okuvela ezihlotsheni, kuphelela ngokuphepha, ukubuyisela ngokugcwele.
Izenzo ezinjengokubonakala kwemibonakalo yokuqala evelayo kufanele kube kanje:
- Uma emva kokudla ukudla kudlula amahora amabili futhi phakathi kwezibonakaliso zobuthi akukho ukuhlanza, kufanele uyibize ngokuhlakanipha (ngoba lokhu ingane idinga ukuphuza mayelana nezibuko zamanzi noma ubisi ekamelweni lokushisa, bese ucindezela emmpandeni wolimi ngomunwe noma isipuni).
- Ukuphuza ngentshiseko ingane - kaningi, kodwa ngezingxenye ezincane.
- Nika ingane sorbent esilinganisweni esithinta iminyaka yobudala (amalahle acushiwe, i-Enterosgel, i-Polysorb, i-Polyphepan, i-White amalahle noma abanye).
Ingane idinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthula okuphelele, ukufika komoya omusha. Uma umntwana ehlanza, kufanele umbeke eceleni kwakhe ngaphambi kokuya e-ambulensi futhi uqaphele njalo ukuthi izixuku eziphumayo azivimbeli ukuhamba kwemimoya futhi ingane ingakhathazeki. Ngaphansi kokulawula, udinga ukugcina ukushisa komzimba. Nika ama-painkillers noma ezinye izidakamizwa, ngaphezu kwalokho okungenhla, akunakwenzeka.
Ukuphuza kumele kunikezwe njalo njalo emihlanu emizuzu emihlanu kuya kwe-1-5. Uketshezi kwalokhu kufanele kufane nokushisa komzimba wengane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kutholakale ngokushesha. Ukusebenzisa kahle izixazululo zokuvuselelwa kabusha (Regidron, Oralit, Hydrolit, njll), kodwa kulokhu ingane kufanele inikezwe iziphuzo ezivumile ukuphuza (amanzi, compote, uzvar, juice ehlanjululwayo, itiye elibuthaka elimnandi, njll).
Ukudla ubuthi emntwaneni - yini okufanele uphathe?
Imisebenzi yabazali ihlanganisa inhlangano efanele ye-aid yokuqala, khona-ke uketshezi kokudla kwengane kufanele kuphathwe ngokomsebenzi. Ngemuva kokuthola izizathu nokubeka isithombe esiphelele se-pathology, lokhu noma lowo muthi wokudla ubuthi kubantwana umisiwe. Uma kutholakala ukudla kwesifo sokudla, okulandelayo kunganconywa:
- ama-antibiotics (furazolidone, phthalazole);
- ama-antispasmodics (Ayikho i-shpa, i-Spazmol);
- izidakamizwa ezingekho-steroidal anti-inflammatory (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen);
- i-antiemetics (i-Motilac, i-Cerucal);
- izidakamizwa zokulwa nomzimba (Attapulgite, Loperamide);
- ama-probiotics , ama-prebiotics (i-Bifidumbacterin, i-Lineks, i-Hilak-forte).
Yidla ukudla okunobuthi ezinganeni
Lapho kutholakala ubuthi bokudla, ukuhlanza emntwaneni kuyindlela yokuzivikela yokukhipha izinto ezilimazayo. Ukulayisha uhlelo lwesisu ngokudla ngalesi sikhathi (amahora ambalwa alandelayo, usuku) akufanele kube, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi ingane ngokwayo iyofuna ukudla ngenkathi ihlupheka ngalezi zimpawu. Okuhlukile yizingane ezithola ubisi lwebele .
Yini ongayidla lapho ingane ishisa ukudla?
Abazali abaningi banesithakazelo ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukondla ingane ngokudla ubuthi. Sekushiwo ukuthi ekuqaleni kokuthuthukiswa koketshezi umzimba, uma uzama ukuzihlanza ngamakhemikhali anobuthi, akukho okunconywayo. Ukubelethwa kungabeliswa ngamabele, kodwa kancane kancane futhi kunciphisa izingxenye kabili. Khona-ke konke kuncike esimweni somntwana. Njengomthetho, uma umntwana ngokwakhe ecela ukudla, lokhu kubonisa ukuthuthukiswa, bese unganika ukudla okulula.
Yini ongayidla emva kokudla ubuthi emntwaneni?
Ukudla emva kokudla ubuthi kubantwana kuyadingeka ukubuyisela imisebenzi yesimiso sokugaya bese kugcwalisa izakhi. Izingxenye kufanele zinciphise, ukudla - kube mnene. Ukwenqaba kufanele kube ngamanye amafutha, okuthosiwe, okuphekiwe, ubisi, amaswidi, imifino eluhlaza kanye nezithelo. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokushisa, lapho izimpawu ezimbi zizophehla:
- ama-porridges ama-mucous emanzini;
- amazambane ashukile ;
- inyama eqoshiwe;
- imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe;
- imifino ebilisiwe.
Ukudla ubuthi kubantwana nokuvimbela kwabo
Ukuze uvikele ukudla kokudla, kuphakanyiswa ukuthi ulandele imithetho elandelayo:
- Hlanza imifino, izithelo, amakhambi, amajikijolo.
- Ukwelashwa okushisa ngokweqile kwenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda, i-cottage shizi, ubisi.
- Unganikeli ingane amakhowe.
- Phuza amanzi abilisiwe noma amabhodlela.
- Geza izandla emva kwendlu yangasese, ubuyele emgwaqeni, ngaphambi kokudla nokupheka.
- Gcina imikhiqizo ngezimo ezifanele, ukuqapha impilo yeshalofu.