I-pneumonia ebantwaneni - izimpawu, ukwelashwa kanye nezinkinga eziyingozi

Ngokuthuthukiswa kwemithi, ukuxilongwa kwe-pneumonia kuyeke ukwesaba okukhulu. Lesi sifo sitholakale kalula ngenxa yezindlela zanamuhla zokuxilonga futhi zelashwa ngezidakamizwa zokulwa namagciwane. Isiqinisekiso sokuphumula okusheshayo yisikholi esifike ngesikhathi ozofika kudokotela othi, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala, angase akhohlwe ukuthi kukhona into enhle.

Izinhlobo ze-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ukuqonda ukuthi yini i-pneumonia eseyingane ayiniki isithombe esiphelele sohlobo lwesifo kanye nezindlela zokwelapha. Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi kungaba ne-etiology ehlukile nendawo yendawo. Ukuhlukanisa lesi sifo kungaba kanje:

1. Endaweni yokuvela:

• nosocomial;
• umphakathi-otholiwe;
• i-perinatal.

• okugxile - izindawo ezithintekile zikhawulelwe ngokucacile (indawo okungenani i-1 cm). I-Foci ingaba ongashadile neyiningi;
• ingxenye - izingxenye eziningana zamaphaphu zivutha;
• ukunqotshwa kwe-croupous-kuhlanganisa i-lobe yamaphaphu;
• okuphakathi - izicubu ezixhumeneyo ziyavutha.

• ibhaktheriya - ukuvuvukala kubangelwa ukungenisa amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic. Lezi yi-pneumococci, i-Staphylococcus aureus, i-Hemophilus no-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, uKlebsiella;
• igciwane - amagciwane awanciphisa izindlela zokuzivikela futhi akhuthaze okunamathiselwe okusheshayo kokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya;
• i-atypical - ivela ngenxa yokutheleleka nge-chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella;
• ukufisa - kuvela lapho umzimba ongaphandle, uketshezi noma ukondla ungena emthini wobunzima.

• i-acute;
• okwesikhashana.

Izimpawu ze-pneumonia emntwaneni

Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokuvuvukala kuxhomeke kuhlobo lwe-pathogen, izinga lokusabalalisa kwenqubo nobudala. I-pneumonia esenkulisa izingane nezingane ezindala zinomlingiswa ocacile:

• ukushisa komzimba kuphezulu futhi kuqhubeka isikhathi eside;
• kukhona ukukhubazeka, ukukhwehlela okujulile;
• Ukuphefumula kuyashesha, i-wheezing izwakala;
• uma ukuxhuma, i-musculature ye-thorax ihilelekile;
• unxantathu we-nasolabial uthola umthunzi we-cyanotic, izinyathelo zivuvukala, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lilahlekile, ingane iyakhuphuka, isheshe ikhathele;
• ingane iyala ukudla, ilahlekelwa isisindo somzimba.

Izinkinga zokubona ukuthi i-pneumonia enganeni ingaphila uma i-agent causative yesifo i-chlamydia. Ngendlela efanele, ukubonakaliswa kwe-catarrha emqaleni, ama-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe, ahlaselwa phansi. I-mask ngaphansi kwe-pharyngitis ingakwazi ukuvuvukala okubangelwa ukutheleleka nge-mycoplasma. Lesi sifo sinamabonakaliso omnene, kungukuthi: ukushisa okuncane kakhulu, ubuhlungu bomphimbo, impumu egijima, ikhanda, ukukhwehlela okunomile owomile. I-Legionellosis pneumonia ebantwaneni ihlukaniswe isithombe esibonakalayo esitholakala emtholampilo, edukisayo: ukuhlukumeza, ukuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu, isifo sohudo.

I-pneumonia - izimpawu ezinganeni ngaphandle komkhuhlane

Kunzima kakhulu ukubona ukuvuvukala okuncane kwamapayipi. Leli fomu lesi sifo livame ukutholakala ezinsaneni. Lesi sifo siqhubeka ngaphandle komkhuhlane nokukhwehlela. Isithombe somtholampilo jikelele sifana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Udokotela onolwazi uyakwazi ukubona izimpawu ze-pneumonia enganeni ngaphandle kokushisa:

• i-crumb iba yinyumba futhi ingenangqondo;
• uyadla futhi alale kabi;
• kune-cyanosis kunxantathu ye-nasolabial;
• i-tachycardia izwakala, amaphiko wephunga lekhala;
• kungenzeka kube nesifo sohudo, ukuhlukumeza isikhumba.

Esikhathini sokuqala kwesifo kanye ne-pneumonia efihliwe, lapho ulalele, udokotela wezingane angakwazi ukubona ukuthi ukutholakala noma ukungabikho kwamapayipi akukhona. Uma uthinta isifuba - ukwembulula ukunciphisa umsindo phezu kwesilonda. Lesi sibonakaliso sibhekwa njengesibili futhi singaboniswa kuzo zonke izingane, ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, ukuhlolwa kwe-sputum ye-microflora nokuhlolwa kwegazi kuyadingeka.

Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ukuvutha kwamaphaphu kuyisifo esidinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kwama-antibiotic. Ukugxila esikhathini sobuguli, isimo sabo, izinga lokuzibophezela kwabazali, udokotela unquma indlela yokwelapha i-pneumonia ezinganeni - esibhedlela noma ekhaya. Izinkomba zokwelashwa ziyi:

• izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-38 degrees, elihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu;
• izimpawu zokuphelelwa yilapho okwethenjeni nokudakwa.

Ama-antibiotics we-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlolwa, udokotela wezingane ubeka ngokucacile ukuthi i-antibiotic yengane, ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe futhi eqoqa ama-anamnesis. Ukusebenza komuthi okhethekile we-antibacterial kungahlolwa ngemva kwamahora angu-24-48 ngemuva kokuphathwa. Imithi efanele izoba nethonya layo: izinga lokushisa lomntwana lizokwehlisa, isimo jikelele sizokuthuthukisa. Izingane ezine-infnemation inflammation pneumonia zinqunywe ngezibeletho, uma isimo simisa, sishintsha ekulawuleni ngomlomo.

I-pneumonia ebantwaneni iphathwa ngemithi elwa namagciwane amaqembu alandelayo:

• i-penicillin kanye nezidakamizwa zayo ze-semisynthetic (i-Amoxilav, i-Ampicillin, i-Amoxicillin);
• cephalosporins (Cefalexin, Cefix);
• ama-macrolide (i-Erythromycin, i-Azithromycin).

Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia ezinganeni ezine-antibiotic uma kwenzeka uhlobo oluthile lwesifo luyenzeka ekhaya. Umuthi wengane unikezwa ngomlomo ngezinsuku ezingu-5-6. Ukwengeza, ngokuqaphela kukadokotela, izidakamizwa, ama-bronchodilators, izidakamizwa zokulwa nezifo, amavithamini nama-prebiotics anqunywe. Esiyinkimbinkimbi ngezinqubo zokwelashwa kwe-physiotherapy ezenzelwe ukwelashwa zibekwe-microwave, electrophoresis, inductothermy. Ukuphumelela kulokhu, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukusikhipha umzimba.

Ukwelashwa kwe-pneumonia ezinganeni ekhaya

Ukuthatha imithi, ukwenza izinqubo, ukudala izimo ezihle yimisebenzi eyinhloko yabantu abadala. Ukudla komntwana kufanele kube okugcwele futhi okuhlukahlukene, umoya ekamelweni labantwana lipholile futhi limile, umbuso wokuphuza unobuningi. Ekushiseni okuphezulu, umntwana kufanele abe embhedeni. Ungasebenzisa amakhambi omuntu we-pneumonia ezinganeni emva kwemvume kadokotela. Ngeke ukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezidakamizwa ze-antipyretic yengane ngokuhlelekile - leli qhinga ngeke likuvumele ukuba uhlole ngempela ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic futhi uphendule umzimba wakho umzimba.

Ukuvuselelwa emva kwe-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ngemuva kokubuyiselwa ingane isilinde isikhathi sokuvuselelwa. Kumele kufake phakathi izinqubo nezinyathelo ezihlose ukubuyisela ubungqabavu nempilo:

• inhalation;
• ukwelashwa okushisa;
• ukuqedwa kwe-foci nge-infection engapheli (caries, sinusitis, tonsillitis);
• ukusikhipha umzimba, umzimba wokuzivocavoca umzimba;
• i-oxygen cocktails kanye ne-foams;
• uhamba emoyeni omusha, ngaphandle kwe-hypothermia;
• ukwamukela amavithamini kanye nokulungiselela amalungiselelo;
• ukululama ngemva kokuphazamiseka kwengane kumntwana kuhilela ukuqapha isimo sakhe ngudokotela olaphayo.

Ukuvimbela i-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kungaba ngokukhulisa amandla omzimba omzimba, uhlelo olufanele lokuqina. Nciphisa isikhathi sonyaka sokusiza ezemidlalo ukudlala. Uma kunokwenzeka, kubalulekile ukukhipha othintana nabangani bakho abagulayo nabadala. Ukugonywa ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokumelene ne-pneumonia yezingane kungabalondoloza ekuphefumulweni kwe-pneumonia. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nazo zingabhekwa njengegciwane lokulwa nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Izimbangela ze-pneumonia ezinganeni

Ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-pneumonia iphezulu kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi:

• izici zomzimba;
• isisindo somzimba sokuzivikela;
• izinkinga zokuphefumula kwesisu nesisu esisodwa ezenza kube nzima ukuguqula igesi.

Ezinganeni ezindala, izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kwesifo yizi:

• izifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo ezithathelwanayo;
• isisindo somzimba esibuthakathaka;
• izimo ezicindezelayo;
• umusi wesibhamu;
• ukungabi namavithamini;
• i-supercooling;
• ukungenisa izimbangi ezihlushwa, ukudla, izidumbu zangaphandle.

Ingxenye yeqiniso yisitatimende sokuthi i-pneumonia ingatheleleka ngamaconsi. Ngakho-ke, abazali kufanele baqaphele indlela indumoniya edluliselwa ngayo izingane:

• lapho othintana naye, ngezandla ezingahlanjulwanga, isifo se-mycoplasma etiology sisakazwa;
• ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi, ukuphefumula emanzini okuphuza amanzi kungabanjwa "yiLegionella" . Kusukela kumuntu kuya kumuntu le bhala ayidluli;
• nge-bacneial and pneumonia virus, kukhona ingozi yokuthola i-agent edala ukuvuvukala. Amagciwane e-Influenza, ukutheleleka kwe-pneumococcal nezinye ezidluliselwa ngamaconsi.

Imiphumela ye-pneumonia ebantwaneni

Njengoba ukwelashwa okwanele, ingane ibuyiselwa ngokushesha. Ubuyela esimweni sakhe esihle sempilo, isifiso sakhe sangaphambili nesimo sakhe esihle. Izinkinga eziyingozi ze-pneumonia ezinganeni ezidinga izinyathelo eziphuthumayo azivamile, zihlanganisa:

• i-bacterium - ukungena kwama-bacteria egazini nakwezinye izitho;
• i-abscess ye-pulus - pus ukuqoqa emzimbeni;
• i-pleurisy exudative - ukuqoqwa kwamanzi emaphaphu;
• ukuphefumula - ingane ilahlekelwa ikhono lokuphefumula emoyeni owanele.