I-Thymus gland ezinganeni (ngesiLatini thymus) iyisitho esiyinhloko se-immunogenesis, esitholakala ngemuva kwe-sternum futhi iqukethe ama-lobes amabili ahlukaniswe i-fiber evulekile. Isitho esincane nesingabonakali ekuqaleni kokuqala sidlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni wengane. Ingane encane, i-thymus gland iyasebenza kakhulu, ikhula futhi iqeqesha amasosha omzimba akhethekile - i-lymphocytes. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa ku-thymus, okuthiwa i-T-lymphocytes iyakwazi ukuvikela umzimba wezingane kusuka ezitheni ezincane, ukuvimbela izifo futhi ukuthuthukisa ukuzivikela. Umsebenzi walo mzimba uyanciphisa iminyaka engaba ngu-12, lapho amandla okuvikela emntwaneni engakhiwa kancane, futhi esevele esegugile endaweni ye-thymus kukhona kuphela isikhumba esincane sezinyosi ze-adipose. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi abantu abadala bakunzima ukubekezelela izifo eziningi zokunganeka - isirabelisi, inkukhu, i-rubella, njll.
Ngokuvamile ezinsaneni, ukukhubazeka kwe-thymus gland kutholakala - i-thymomegaly. Njengoba usayizi usayizi omkhulu kunokujwayelekile, i-thymus ingenzi kahle ngomsebenzi wayo, ukuze esikhathini esizayo ingane ingase ibe nezifo ezimbi. Lesi simo singabangela kokubili izifo zezingane, kanye nezici ezingaphandle ezithinta umzimba. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuthi lesi sifo sivela ezinganeni ezincane ngenxa yokukhulelwa kwamathambo, omama wezifo ezithathelwanayo noma ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi eside.
Ukwandisa i-thymus gland ezinganeni - izimpawu zesifo
- isisindo somntwana singaphezu kwesivamile;
- kukhona ukwanda kuzo zonke izitho zamakhansela, kanye nama-adenoids, ama-tonsils, ama-tissue e-surface posterior ye-pharynx;
- ukungavamile kokuthuthukiswa kwengane;
- inhliziyo isigqi disorder;
- hypotension, hyperhidrosis;
- kubafana - phimosis, cryptorchidism;
- emantombazaneni - i-hypoplasia yezocansi.
Ukwelapha nge-thymus gland ekwandiseni izingane
Njengomthetho, i-thymus ekhulisiwe kubantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka emibili ibhekwa njengesijwayelekile futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa. Lokhu kungaba isici esiyinkimbinkimbi yengane, ikakhulukazi uma izalwa enkulu ngokwanele. Kulesi simo, ingane kufanele ibe ngaphansi kokuqondiswa udokotela, futhi abazali kudingeka badale izimo ezithile kuye. Akunzima kakhulu, nje ugcine umbuso wosuku. Okokuqala, ingane kufanele ilale ngokwanele. Ngokungangabazeki, ingane idinga ukuhamba okuvamile emoyeni omusha nokudla okunamandla, kodwa ngaphandle kokuthola izifo ezingenasidingo. Futhi, gwema ukuthintana nabantwana abagulayo, ikakhulukazi ekuqhumeni kwenkathi ye-ARVI.
I-Hyperplasia ye-thymus gland
Esinye isifo se-thymus gland ezinganeni yi-hyperplasia. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokusabalalisa kwamaseli ebuchosheni nasengxenyeni ye-thymus, kanye nokubunjwa kwama-neoplasms, kuyilapho i-thymus gland enganeni ingahle ingenwe.
Izimpawu ze-thymus hyperplasia ezinganeni
- ukuhluleka kwezinso;
- ukoma, ukuhlunga isikhumba;
- ukuvuvukala kwama-adenoids namathoni;
- i-lymph nodes ekhulisiwe;
- i-edema yamaphethelo angenhla naphansi;
- inzuzo yesisindo;
- kwezinye izimo, ukwanda kwe-thymus gland;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula.
Ukwelashwa kwe-thymus hyperplasia ezinganeni
Njengoba ukwelashwa ngokucophelela kwe-hyperplasia ye-thymic, ingane imisiwe i-corticosteroids, kanye nokudla okhethekile. Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube nesidingo sokungenelela okuhlinzekwa, lapho i-thymus gland isuswa khona - i-thaeectomy. Ngemuva kwezinqubo zonke ingane idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha njalo. Uma i-hypoplasia ye-thymus enganeni ayinayo imiboniso yemitholampilo, ezimweni ezinjalo ayidingi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okukhethekile, ngaphandle kokubona okunamandla.