I-reflux ye- gastroesophageal iyinkimbinkimbi yezibonakaliso ezichaza ukuhamba kwesisu esisendleleni ehlukile (kuya endaweni). Kwezinye izimo lokhu kungaba yinto evamile, kwabanye kungabangela ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-pathologies.
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal idala
Ukulahla okuqukethwe okuvela esiswini, okwenzeka ezindaweni ezikude ngokushesha ngemva kokudla, okungabangela ukukhathazeka kumuntu futhi kungabangeli ezinye izifo, kubhekwa njengokuhluka kwesimiso. Uma lokhu kwenzeka kaningi, kufaka phakathi ebusuku, kuhambisana nezimpawu ezisobala, kungumbuzo wokuphambuka okuholela ekuthuthukiseni isifo se-reflux ye-gastroesophageal.
Uma sicabangela izimbangela ze-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela yokwenza okuqukethwe ngendlela engalungile. Indima enkulu ekuvimbeleni lokhu kudlalwa yi-sphincter esezansi ephansi-umsizi cishe njalo uhlala endaweni evaliwe futhi uvule ezimweni ezimbili - lapho i-coma yokudla ihamba esiswini nalapho umoya ovuthiwe uphuma.
Ukuphumula okungajwayelekile kwe-sphincter engezansi ye-esophag kungase kuhlotshaniswe nakho kokubili ukuphazamiseka kwayo okusebenzayo nokunciphisa ithoni ye-muscle. Lezi zinsuku zivame ukucasulwa yizici ezinjalo:
- ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ze-caffeinated;
- ukusebenzisa izitsha ezishisayo neziphuzo;
- ukuthatha imithi ethile (antispasmodics, analgesics, nitrates, njll);
- ukubhema;
- ukuphuza utshwala;
- umsebenzi omzimba ojulile;
- ushintsho esizindeni se-hormonal.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiqalo sokuxoshwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngezinye izikhathi kunyuke ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwesisu, kuboniswe ngesisindo somzimba esiningi ngokweqile, ukukhuphuka, ukuqothulwa, ukwehla. Ukucindezeleka okungezansi kwegazi kusetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kweziphuzo ze-carbonated, ukudla okuthosiwe, izinongo ezivundiwe. Futhi, izimo ze-reflux zitholakala nge-hernia yesifo se-diaphragm, isilonda se-peptic, i-asthma ye-bronchial.
Ku-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ephologist, kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuphonswa ngokuqondile, kodwa futhi ikhono le-esophagus lizokhululeka ekuvuseleleni okungenayo. Ngokuvamile, uma okuqukethwe kwe-gastric okuyi-acidic kuwela, ukubuyiswa kwe-pH nokubuyela emuva esiswini ngokukhulisa i-peristalsis yesigameko kanye nokufihla kwe-salivary kwenzeka ngokushesha (leli khono libizwa ngokuthi imvume yokungena ngokweqile).
Izimpawu ze-reflux ze-gastroesophageal
Emfanekisweni ovamile wesitholampilo, izimpawu ezilandelayo ze reflux ye-gastroesophageal zibalulekile:
- i-heartburn ;
- ukuqhutshwa;
- ukuzwa kwesikhumba emqaleni;
- ukunganaki uma ugwinya ukudla;
- ukuvula ;
- ukuhlanza;
- isicasuli;
- ubuhlungu obunzima bokubukeka bufana nokuhlaselwa kwe-angina.
Ezimweni eziningi, ikakhulukazi nge "refluxes" ephakeme, inqwaba okuthiwa izimpawu ezithathelwanayo ngokweqile kuphawulwe:
- ukukhwehlela;
- ukuphefumula;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-larynx, i-nasopharynx, i-bronchi;
- ukuzwakalisa izwi;
- i-caries, ukuvuvukala kwezinsini .
Ukubonakaliswa kwamathambo kuqinisa ebusuku, ngemuva kokudla, ngesikhathi sokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Lapho kubonakala khona izibonakaliso zesifo se-reflux isifo se-gastroesophageal singenzeka kwesinye sezifomu ezimbili:
- ngezinguquko zokuvuvukala ezindongeni ezisendlini, ezivezwe indlela endoscopic (nge-esophagitis);
- ngaphandle kokuvuvukala kwesisu, esungulwa nge-endoscope (ngaphandle kwesifo se-esophagitis).
Reflux ye-gastroesophageal ngaphandle kwe-esophagitis
Kule nkinga, isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal sibhekwa ngokuthi asikona. Kulokhu, i-mucosa ye-esophageal ivikelwe kusuka ekungeneni emzimbeni wezinto eziqukethwe, okungeyona isici sayo, isb. imvume evamile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucwiliswa kwemithi ejwayelekile emithini nase-capillary lymphatic kunendima ekuqinisekiseni ukuvuselelwa kwe-epithelium. Iziqephu ze-reflux nezimpawu aziphindaphindiwe kaningi, kepha lokhu kungase kube isigaba sangaphambili senqubo eguquguqukayo.
Reflux ye-gastroesophageal ne-esophagitis
Uma i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ihlotshaniswa nemvamisa ephezulu yokungenisa kokuqukethwe kwesisu, ingozi yokuguqulwa kwamagciwane ku-mucosa yesigcawu se-esophagus yanda. Kubangelwa kulokhu futhi ukwanda okukhulu kwe-reflux ehambisana nezinye izifo (isibonelo, nge-asidi eyanda, ukutholakala kwe-bile acid). Isithombe sesitholampilo, ngokuyisisekelo, sinamabonakaliso emathunjini. Kulokhu, ngokuvamile kuhambisana nokukhwehlela kwe-reflux ye-gastroesophageal - eyomile, ngokuvamile iyenzeka phakathi nosuku, ikhula nezinguquko esimweni somzimba.
I-reflux - degree ye-gastroesophageal
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ye-pathological iwumphumela wokubuthakathaka kwezinqubo zokuzivikela ezingenasici nokuhlukunyezwa kwezici ezilimazayo. Kuye ngesilinganiso somonakalo, i-pathology ihlukaniswa ngezigaba. Nasi esinye sezigaba ezisetshenziswayo:
- I-degree engu-0 - akukho ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo:
- I-degree - ukuba khona kwe-foci ngayinye yokuguguleka komhlabathi ngemuva kwesimiso se-hypermic, engabi ngaphezu kuka-10% we-distal esophagus;
- I-II degree - kunezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuguguleka komhlaba, okuyi-akhawunti engama-50% ebusweni besigaba se-distal;
- I-III degree - izilonda eziningi ezilonda ulcerative, zihlala phansi kwengxenye ye-distal ngokuphelele;
- I-IV degree - ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga: izilonda ezijulile, ukunciphisa umzimba, isifo se-Barrett, njll.
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal - ixilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kuvame ukwenziwa ngesisekelo sezikhalazo kanye ne-anamnesis. Ukuze unqume uhlobo lwe-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, ukuxilongwa okubonakalayo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwenziwa kwe-esophagogastroduodenoscopy kunikeza isithombe esiphezulu se-lesion nokuhambisana nokungajwayelekile. Uma kudingekile, i-biopsy yenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zingadingeka:
- Ukuxilongwa kwe-X-ray nge-barium;
- ukuqapha kwansuku zonke i-pH yesimo;
- esophagotho-kymography;
- i-bimetry;
- ukudweba.
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal iphathwa kanjani?
Ukwelashwa kwe-reflux ye-gastro-esophageal reflux ye-diagnostic kufanele ibe neyinkimbinkimbi, ngendima ebaluleke kakhulu edlalwa yi-drug treatment. Kubalulekile ukulandela ukudla kanye nezincomo ezilandelayo:
- isisindo somzimba esinciphile;
- ukuvinjelwa kokuphakanyiswa kwezimpahla (ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-10 kg);
- Ukugwema umthamo nokunciphisa komshini;
- ukwenqaba ukuvimbela izingubo;
- ulale embuthweni ophakeme;
- ukulahla imikhuba emibi.
Reflux ye-gastroesophageal - ukwelashwa, izidakamizwa
Ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal ne-esophagitis yokwelapha kufanele ngempela ibe nokwelashwa. Ngokuya ngobukhulu be-pathology, izidakamizwa zinikezwa la maqembu:
- ama-antacids - (iFosfalugel, amaMaaloks);
- ama-alginate (i-Gaviscon);
- i-prokinetics (i-Motilium);
- proton pump inhibitors (Omez, Lansoptol);
- abavimba be-H2-receptor histamine (iRanisan, i-Famotidine).
Ezinye zala mithi zithathwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zithole usizo, ezinye zidinga ukwelashwa kuze kube yilapho ukuphikiswa okuqhubekayo kwezimpawu. Nge-reflux ngaphandle kwe-esophagitis, kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwe-antacids nama-alginates kuboniswa. Ezimweni ezimbi, ukungenelela okuhlinzekwayo kungadingeka (isibonelo, i-Nissen fundoplication).
Reflux ye-gastroesophageal - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Esigabeni sokuxolelwa, lapho reflux ye-gastroesophageal engakaze ibonakaliswe, kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingezona zendabuko ngezinhloso zokuvimbela. Iziguli ezitholakale zine-reflux ye-gastroesophageal, izinhlinzeko zokwelashwa kwabantu, ngokuyinhloko, ukusetshenziswa kwama-phytotherapeutic agents ngenxa yesenzo esivulayo nesingavuki. Nansi enye yezindlela zokupheka.
Ukumnika kwamagciwane
Izithako:
- Imfucumfucu - itafula eli-1. isipuni;
- iqabunga lomama nonina-ithebula elilodwa. isipuni;
- izimpande zelayisensi - ithebula eli-1. isipuni;
- amanzi - 200 ml.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa:
- Lungiselela ukuqoqwa.
- Thela amathisipuni amabili enhlanganisela ngamanzi abilayo bese uthele emanzini okugezela ingxenye yesigamu sehora.
- Phezulu, vula.
- Thatha ngaphambi kokudla nge isipuni izikhathi 5 ngosuku.
I-reflux ye-gastroesophageal - yokudla
Ukudla okunomsoco nge reflux ye-gastroesophageal ne-esophagitis futhi ngaphandle-okuyingxenye eyimpoqo yokwelapha. Kunconywa ukudla okuncane izikhathi ezingu-5-6 ngosuku, ngenkathi izitsha zivunyelwe kuphela zifudumala, zibukhali, hhayi ziqinile. Awukwazi, ukuma kusuka etafuleni, ngokushesha uthathe isikhundla esinqunyiwe udle ngaphambi kokulala. Hlanganisa:
- ushokoledi;
- ikhofi, itiye eliqinile;
- utamatisi;
- izithelo ze-citrus;
- amafutha.