Odokotela bathole ukuthi isikhalazo esivame kakhulu seziguli ezifuna usizo yi-dyspnea noma ukuphefumula - ake sicabangele ukuthi yini ebangele lesi simo.
Iziguli ezinenkinga yokuphefumula zichaza ukungahambi kahle kwazo ngokuthi "umoya owanele," "kunzima esifubeni," "amaphaphu awagcwali ngokuphelele emoyeni."
Ngendlela, lapho efunda izimbangela zokuphefumula nokungabi nomoya kuze kube sekhulwini le-17, igama elithi "asthma", elisetshenziswa okokuqala nguHippocrates, lisetshenziswe. Manje imibono ye-asthma ne-dyspnea ihluke ngokuphelele.
Izinhlobo ze-dyspnea
Ngokuya ngobude be-dyspnoea, ukuphefumula kufakwe phakathi:
- okungapheli - ukhathazekile iminyaka eminingana;
- subacute - isiguli sigula izinsuku ezimbalwa;
- i-acute - ibuke phakathi kwemizuzu embalwa.
Kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi uma i-dyspnoea ikhathazekile ngokuhamba noma ukugijima isikhathi eside, imbangela yalesi simo akufanele ibukwe - noma yimuphi umthwalo oqinile uthinta ushintsho ekuphefumuleni. Kodwa uma umoya akwanele ekuphumuleni, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela, ngoba i-dyspnoea ingumngane wezifo eziningi.
Izimbangela ze-dyspnea elula
Isifo sokuphefumula okungajwayelekile, okuhlala isikhathi eside, kungabangela izifo ezilandelayo kanye nezifo ezilandelayo:
- i-myocarditis (ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo);
- i-infarction ye-myocardial;
- inhliziyo isigqi disorder;
- ukuhluleka kwe-ventricular;
- i-edema ye-cardial yamaphaphu;
- i-pneumothorax (ukuxubana endaweni yesimo senhliziyo);
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- ukuvuthwa kwamathambo anobuthi;
- i-atelectasis (i-lung lobes drop);
- i-thromboembolism yemithambo ye-pulmonary;
- i-hyperventilation syndrome enzima.
Njengoba ubona, ukuphefumula okusebenzayo kungabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle emsebenzini we-cardiovascular or respiratory system. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa lezi zigaba ezimbili zezimbangela ze-dyspnea asebekhulile.
Izimbangela ze-subacute dyspnea
Umzwelo wokungapheli ngesikhathi sokuphefumula nokungabi nomoya, ohlala amahora amaningana, ungaxoxa ngezifo ezilandelayo kanye nezifo ezilandelayo:
- ukuxoshwa kwamagama;
- i-pneumonia;
- i-acidosis ye-metabolic;
- ukukhubazeka kwe-diaphragm;
- uremia;
- ukungasebenzi kwemisebenzi yezwi;
- i-thromboembolism ephindaphindiwe yamathambo we-pulmonary.
Ngezinye izikhathi izimbangela ze-dyspnea ezinzima zikhona ekusebenzeni kwemithi (ukudlula ngokweqile, ukungezwani komzimba, imiphumela emibi) kanye nezinhlayiya.
Izimbangela ze-dyspnoea engapheli
Uma umuntu izinyanga eziningi noma iminyaka ekhononda ngokuphefumula kanzima ekuphumuleni noma ngaphansi kokuzikhandla ngokomzimba, izimbangela ze-dyspnea kuleli cala zingase zihlobene nokuba khona kwezifo ezilandelayo:
- isifo senhliziyo;
- I-Myxoma (isifo senhliziyo esibuhlungu);
- ischemic isifo senhliziyo;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yesimo esingapheli;
- i-cardiomyopathy (izinguquko zesakhiwo ezinsikeni zenhliziyo);
- isifo se-chronic obstructive pulmonary ;
- isifo sofuba;
- umdlavuza wamaphaphu;
- emphysema yamaphaphu;
- i-kyphoscoliosis;
- i-pneumoconiosis (i-pulmonary fibrosis ngenxa ye-inhalation yothuli eside).
Futhi, izimbangela ze-dyspnea ezingapheli zingase zihlotshaniswe nezifo zemikhumbi ye-pulmonary, okungukuthi, umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary primary; aneurysm ene-arteriovenous; i-vasculitis; imizimba ye-thromboembolic pulmonary.
Ukuphefumula okunzima nokuntuleka komoya nakho kuyisici:
- ukukhuluphala;
- i-anemia ;
- ascites;
- izifo zegciwane le-thyroid;
- I-Guillain-Barre syndrome;
- i-myasthenia gravis.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-dyspnoea
Ukuphefumula okunzima ngezinye izikhathi kuboniswe ngento efana nesiteji - kulokhu, ukuphefumula kufana nokuphefumula komsindo.
Umzila, njengomthetho, ubonisa ukuvimbela (ukuvimbela) kwendlela yokuphefumula futhi kuphawulwa lapho:
- laryngospasm;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-larynx;
- i-diphtheria;
- umdlavuza we-larynx;
- i-absonsillar abscess.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela babela okuthiwa i-terminal dyspnoea - kuyisibonakaliso sokufa okuseduze kulabo abagulayo kakhulu.