Ingane, ukungena ezweni elizungezile, idlula izinqubo eziningana zokuguquguquka, njengokulungiswa kokusakazwa, ukuqala kokusebenza kwesimiso sokuphefumula kanye ne-jaundice esanda kuzalwa. Ukubola komzimba we-fetal (fetal) ye-hemoglobin (HbF), futhi ukushintshwa kwalo ngumuntu omdala ofanayo (HbA), kuholela ekuphuzileni kwesikhumba. Ubukhulu bale nqubo buxhomeke ezimweni eziningi. Okulandelayo, sizocabangela ukuthi kungani kukhona i-jaundice ezinsana, futhi kuyingozi kakhulu.
I-jaundice yokuxubana kwezinsana
Ake siqale sicabangele izici ze- jaundice yomzimba emntwaneni osanda kuzalwa . Lesi simo siqala ekupheleni kwesibili - ukuqala kwezinsuku ezingu-3. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, imbangela yayo ukuguqulwa kwesithelo se-hemoglobin ngokuhlala njalo. Isibindi sesana esasanda kuzalwa singasakwazi ukubhekana neutralization yalesi silinganiso se-bilirubin (ukuhlanganiswa kwayo nama-molecule angu-2 we-glucuronic acid), ngakho izinga layo egazini lingandisa izikhathi ezingamashumi. Ubude be-jaundice engokwenyama ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa akudluli izinsuku ezingu-7, okungukuthi, kudlula izinsuku ezingu-8-9 zokuphila.
Izimpawu zheltushku ezisanda kuzalwa
Izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko yi-icterism (ukutholakala komthunzi ophuzi) wesikhumba nesklamu. Njengoba i-jaundice ephikisayo isanda kubantwana, lokhu kuvezwa kuyabonakala kakhulu. Ukuchaza lokho kungaba neonatologist enolwazi, lapho ehlola ingane emini, eqinisekisa imiphumela yocwaningo lwesayensi yezinga le-bilirubin. Ngenxa ye-jaundice yokuphila, lezi zimpawu zilandelayo:
- ukuphuziza kwesikhumba kuqala hhayi ngaphambi kosuku lokuqala lokuphila;
- ukuqina kwe-jaundice kwanda ezinsukwini ezine;
- isikhumba sinalo i-orange tinge;
- akahlupheki esimweni jikelele somntwana;
- umchamo kanye nezidakamizwa akumnyama;
- Izinga le- bilirubin izinsuku ezingu-4 alidluli 256 mmol / l.
I-jaundice ezisanda kuzalwa: kulokho kuncike nokuthi ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Manje cabanga ngezinhlobo ze-pathological jaundice, ezingashukunyiswa yizinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ngifuna ukuqaphela ukuthi i-jaundice ezinsana ezingakabiphi isikhathi sinzima nakakhulu kunezinsana zesikhathi, futhi ihlala ezinsukwini ezingu-14-15 zokuphila. Ukudla okunganele (uma umama engenawo ubisi lwebele okwanele) kungabangela i-jaundice ende. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zezifo ezithintekayo zalesi simo kukhona:
- I-hemolytic jaundice yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa yilezi zingxabano zomzimba phakathi komama nomntwana. I-rhesus evame kakhulu iyinxushunxushu eyenzeka kumama ongenawo uR Rh, ingane ekhulelwe yase Rh-positive. Ngaphansi kaningi, kunezimpikiswano ze-immune eqenjini legazi nezinye izifo ze-antigen. Kulesi simo, i-fetus iqondiswa ngumzimba womama njenge-agent yangaphandle.
- Ukutheleleka kwe-intrauterine kwanoma yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo singabonakala njengama-jaundice asetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwezinsana.
- Ukugcina umbala omnyama wezimfucu kanye nomchamo kungakhuluma nge-anomaly yokuzalwa engxenyeni ye-biliary tract.
- Ukuthatha umama kunoma iyiphi imithi enobuthi emavikini okugcina okukhulelwa.
- I-jaundice ehlala isikhathi eside ingaba ingane eyazalwa nomama
isifo sikashukela.
I-Jaundice yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa, evelele ngenxa yezifo zokugula, ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ikhubaza kakhulu isimo somntwana futhi idinga ukwelashwa eminyangweni ekhethekile.
Ngakho-ke, akunjalo uma kufanele ulahlekelwe ukuhlolwa kwezingane zakudala kanye neseluleko sakhe. Futhi uma izinga le-bilirubin ngosuku lokukhishwa lungaphezu kuka-256 mmol / l, kungenzeka ukuthi umama onomntwana uzohlinzekwa esibhedlela emnyangweni wezokubeletha kwezingane noma ekuboshiwe emnyangweni we-postpartum ukuze athole ukukhanya nge-lamp ultraviolet.