Abaningi sebezwile ngenkinga ehlobene nobudala yabantu abaningi abahlotshaniswa nombono okhubazekile. I-Myopia noma i-hyperopia iqala ukuthuthukisa - kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi yintoni ngempela. Ngakho-ke, kubantu abakhulile, imisipha ye-ciliary ilahlekelwa ukuqina kwayo kwangaphambili futhi ayikwazi ukubambisana kahle noma inkinga. Lokhu kuholela ekushintsheni okungenele ekuvaleni kwe-lens. Futhi isici leso ngokwayo lilahlekelwa ukuqina kwalo futhi ngeke lishintshe njengoba ngaphambili. Futhi lokhu kuholela ekuboneni okuncane.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-hyperopia ne-myopia
Nge-myopia, umuntu angabona ngokucacile izinto endaweni eseduze. Kodwa umbono obanga kude usuvele uphazamisekile, futhi isithombe sonke sibonakala, njengokungathi kusebunjeni. Uma ukubhekwa phambili kubonakala, abantu ngokuphambene nabo bangabona izinto ezikude kakhulu. Omunye umehluko ngumsuka wesifo. I-hyperopia ivame ukukhula ngeminyaka, kanti i-myopia ivame ukuvela ngenxa yezinto ezingavamile zokuzalwa, ngakho-ke lokhu kubonakala kubonakala kubantwana.
Abaningi abazi ukuthi bangaziqonda kanjani futhi baqonde, myopia noma hyperopia, nokuthi ngabe kukhona ukugula nhlobo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungaqhuba ukuhlolwa okulula: zama ukufunda incwadi ebangeni elihlukile emehlweni. Uma umbhalo ubonakala ngokulinganayo kude noma eduze - ngamehlo konke kahle futhi ungakhathazeki. Uma amagama angahle ahlakazwe, lapho le ncwadi iseduze - lokhu kubonisa ukubona okuncane. Uma ngokuphambene - kuphela ekude kubonakala - kubukeka kahle. Kodwa kungcono ukuvakashela udokotela.
Ukubhekwa kwezinto eziseduze nokubukeka ngesikhathi esisodwa
Kunezimo lapho umuntu eqala ukubona izinto ezikude nezindawo ezikude. Into ewukuthi izindawo ezihlukahlukene zeso zingase zithathe ama-wave avule ngokuhlukile. Kuvela ukuthi i-boramu ayigxile endaweni eyodwa. I-pathology enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi " astigmatism ". Inayo impahla ehlanganiswa kokubili kokubona okubonakalayo nokubukeka kahle.
Lesi sifo singabonakala ngenxa yezici eziningana:
- ukubeletha okubeletha;
- ukuhlanzeka okungcolile kwezitho zombono;
- umonakalo uma kwenzeka ukulimala ngokomzimba;
- ukusebenza.
Ngokuvamile kuyathakazelisa abantu ukuthi ngabe i-myopia ingangena ku-hyperopia, noma ngokuphambene nalokho. Ayikho impendulo engafanele. Kodwa kusobala ukuthi ngokuvamile lezi zifo zihlanganisa nje. Inkinga ibonakala ngombono ophukile, ukukhathala kwamehlo okusheshayo futhi kaningi ukuphathwa ikhanda. Uma lesi sifo sinesimo esibuthakathaka, khona-ke ngokuvamile kuvame ukuthi umuntu akazweli ukuzwa okungajabulisi. Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli zifunda nge-astigmatism kuphela emva kokuhlolwa nomchwepheshe ofanelekayo.
"Minus" - ingabe i-myopia noma i-hyperopia?
Ngokuqiniseka, kungashiwo ukuthi "ukunciphisa" kuyimbono emfushane. Inezigaba ezintathu zentuthuko:
- buthakathaka;
- isilinganiso;
- phezulu.
Lesi sifo siqukethe ukuthi ukugxila kwesithombe kungaphambi kwe-retina, hhayi kulo. Ngakho-ke iso alikwazi ukubona izinto ezikude.
Kulokhu, izibuko nama-lens okuxhumana kufanele abe ne-diopter engafanele. Ngokuya ngesiteji sesifo, izindlela zokuthuthukisa umbono zibhekiswe kwesikhashana noma ngezikhathi ezithile
Uma uneminyaka yobudala, lesi sifo sihlahloka, ngakho njalo kudingeka udlulise ama-lens noma izibuko ezibukweni kulabo abazofanelana nomuntu ngalesi sikhathi.
Uma umbono "plus" - ingabe i-hyperopia noma i-closesightedness?
Uma uchwepheshe ebeka izibuko ngamalensi "plus", khona-ke isiguli sinombono omude. Inemigomo efanayo yentuthuko. Kodwa ukubonakaliswa kuhluke: isithombe sigxile ngemuva kwe-retina, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlola izinto eziseduze.