I-oleander evamile i-shrub evamile iyasetshenziswa kakhulu ekuklanyeleni kwezwe nokukhangisa kwamafulethi ngendlela yamafomu ekamelweni elihlangene. Isitshalo esinemibala enhle kakhulu siyakwazi ukuhlukanisa noma yikuphi ukungaphakathi, kodwa ekutshalweni kwayo kunezici ezinzima ukuthi ngisho nabafisi bezimbali abanolwazi kudingeka bazi.
I-oleander yezimbali
Endalweni yemvelo, i-oleander evamile iyatholakala kakhulu e-Asia Minor, eMedithera naseNyakatho Afrika. I-laurel e-pink, njengoba lesi sihlahla sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi, ingakhulelwa ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe emazweni afudumele. Esifundeni sethu sikhula ezindaweni ezisezindaweni eziphansi zeNorthern Black Sea ogwini nasogwini lweCaucasus. Endalweni yemvelo isitshalo esinamaqabunga esikhumba esikhuphuka njalo sikhula sikhula ngaphansi kwamamitha amane ukuphakama ngesimo se-shrub enokuhlobisa.
Izimbali ze-oleander ezivamile zilula futhi ziyi-terry, zitholakala ngamaqembu noma ngama-singly. Ungathola amafomu anamhlophe, aphuzi, aphuzi-aphuzi, aphuzi, ama-orange noma ama-pink inflorescences, ahluma emahlathini kusukela ekuqaleni kwehlobo kuze ku-Okthoba. Egatsheni elilodwa laleli hlangi eliseningizimu ungabona imbali ivuliwe kanyekanye, ihlumela elincane kanye ne-ovary. Maye, kodwa abalandeli akudingeki bakhathazeke kuphela ngombuzo, kungani i-oleander ingaphuli, kodwa futhi ithatha izinyathelo zokuphepha uma unakekela lesi sihlahla.
Yini eyingozi i-oleander evamile:
- Izimbali ezivuthayo ezimnandi zifaka iphunga elinamandla elingabangela ikhanda kanye nesicanucanu. Kunconywa ukuthatha isihlahla phakathi nenkathi yezimbali kusuka emakamelweni okuhlala kuya e-veranda, ibhaluni noma i-loggia.
- Emapulini wesitshalo kukhona i-glycoside yenhliziyo, uma udla futhi uhlafuna ishidi elilodwa nje lezinhlamvu ezivamile, ungathola umthamo obulala umuntu omdala. I-toxin ingabangela i-arrhythmia kanye nezifo ezingasebenzi emndenini, i-tachycardia, ukuhlanza, i-nausea eqhubekayo, isifo sohudo, i-hallucinations ebonakalayo.
- Awukwazi ukuphuza itiye kusuka emaqabunga e-oleander.
- Ama-poisons, amaqabunga, imbewu kanye nejusi yesitshalo kukhona enobuthi obuhlaza obomvu. Uma ukusika, ukutshala kanye nezinye izitshalo kusebenza, sebenzisa njalo amaglavu, hlamba izandla zakho ngokugcwele nge-detergents. Qaphela ukuvumela izingane ukuba zitshale nezilwane ezifuywayo ezihlala endlini.
- Ingozi ibangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamagatsha e-oleander ajwayelekile ngendlela yamafutha.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-oleander?
I-laurel ebomvana ijabulela isimo sezulu esishisayo, i-oleander ifanele ukunakekelwa nokukhula ekhaya ekushiseni kwe-23 ° C kuya ku-28 ° C. Ebusika, kubalulekile ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa kuya ku-10-15 ° C. Kungcono ukugcina amahlathi eduze nefasitela eliseningizimu-mpumalanga, ngaphandle kwalokho kufanele ukhokhele imisebe yelanga enezibani zokukhanyisa ugesi. Zifakwe kude ebangeni elingu-0.7 ukusuka ku-oleander, zivuselela usuku lokukhanya ngamahora angu-8.
Ukutshala i-oleander
Emhlabathini ovulekile i-oleander itshalwe elangeni, emthunzini wemithi ilula futhi ingenzi umqhele osabalalisa. I-penumbra ifanelekile ekukhuleni ezindaweni ezishisayo, kutuswa ukuba ukhethe indawo lapho izitshalo zizothola khona ilanga eliqondile amahora ayisithupha. Kunconywa ukutshala i-oleander engadini kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSeptember emva nje kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ngaphandle kokugubha isiqu esiyinhloko ngezansi kwenhlabathi. Izitshalo zomakhelwane ezomakhelwane zitshalwe kude ku-2 kuya ku-3.5 m. Lapho kuhlwanyelwa intwasahlobo, izihlahla zihluma, kodwa kulo nyaka aziwaniki ama-inflorescence amaningi.
I-oleander eyakhelwe ngaphakathi - inhlabathi
Ezimbizeni ngesikhathi sokutshala, kufanele sigcwalise ungqimba lwamanzi wamatshe noma amagatsha amancane, phezulu nangomxube wezakhi. Ungasebenzisa ukubunjwa, ukuxuba ngokulinganisela okulinganayo komhlabathi, umquba kanye nenhlabathi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwengeza u-10% wesihlabathi somfula kwisinye se-substrate esitholiwe. Ungawagijimi izithombo zegumbi lokugaya emgodini, ungagcwalisa umhlabathi ophumela endaweni esiqandisini esiqandisini, ubhubhise izinambuzane ezihlala kuwo.
Indlela yokwandisa i-oleander?
Ekhaya, inzalo ye-seed oleander isetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa izihlahla ngezicucu kanye nezingqimba. Uma unesitshalo se-royal jelly, izindlela zezitshalo ozikhethayo zingcono. Kusukela ku-cuttings noma ku-air layers, umhloli wezitshalo uzothola i-laurel ebomvu ngokugcwele iminyaka eminingana ngaphambili, alungele ukufakelwa kabusha endaweni ehlala njalo.
Izindlela zokuzalanisa oleander ezivamile:
- Ukufakwa kwe-aerial. Njengoba igatsha elifanele, igxolo elincane elifinyelela ku-2 mm ubukhulu lisuswe. Bese kungcwatshwa emhlabathini noma kufakwe esitsheni nge-substrate yezakhi. Lapho izimpande zivela, izendlalelo ziyanqunywa kusuka ku-oleander futhi zifakelwa kabusha.
- Cuttings. Hlanganisa amagatsha e-pink laurel ubude ukuya ku-15 Ukubona I-rooting kunesihlabathi se-perlite, esisimanzi noma se-keramzit. Ngenhloso yokungahlwithwanga, amalahle wengezwe kumgogodla wezakhi. Iziqukathi ziphuziswa ngokweqile futhi zifakwa elangeni, inyanga ngemva kwalokho kusetshenziswe ukusika ama-cuttings amancane.
- Ukuphindaphinda kwembewu ye-oleander evamile. Tshala imbewu yonyaka wamanje, uyifake kusengaphambili ngesisombululo sokuzibulala kanye nokukhula okukhuthazayo . Awungcwatshwe emhlabathini, kodwa abekwe phezu komhlaba ekushiseni okufika ku-35 ° C. Lapho kuvela amahlumela, iziqukathi zikhanyiswa izibani ezikhanyayo, zivimbela ukuba zisule. Ukuqoqa izithombo kwenziwa lapho amaqabunga amabili amabili ekhulile.
Oleander - ukunakekelwa
Awukwazi ukukhulisa i-oleander egcwele ekhaya ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwesitshalo. Kuhlanganisa ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi, ukudla kwezihlahla, izinga eliphezulu kanye nokulungisa okulungile kwe-laurel rose. Esikhathini sentwasahlobo nasekwindla inhlabathi eduze nezimpande ihlanganiswe ngesikhwama semboza. Igcina umswakama kahle futhi ivimbela umhlaba ukuba ungabi ukupholisa emakhazeni. Ukunambitheka kwenziwa nge-sawdust noma utshani obunamanzi, besebenzisa uhlaka oluvikelekile kuze kube ngu-5 cm ubukhulu.
Oleander plant - ukuchelela
Ehlobo, i-oleander ekhaya, amanzi amaningi, ezama ukugcoba inhlabathi kwisitsha endaweni yesithathu yokujula. Ezinyangeni zasebusika, imvamisa yokunisela incishisiwe, kodwa sizama ukungadluli i-clod yomhlaba. Amanzi ngaphansi kwempande asondliwa ngokushesha uma ungqimba oluphezulu lumile embizeni. Sisebenzisa uketshezi olunothileyo, ukubeka ngaphansi kokubilisa kuqala. Umswakama owedlulele we-laurel obomvana uyingozi, imvula yamanzi ibekezelela isomiso esibi kakhulu.
Oleander evamile - ukugqoka okwengeziwe
Ukugcwaliswa ngamakhomikhali kanye nendawo yokugcoba i-microelements oleander ekunakekeleni kudinga kakhulu esigabeni sokusila futhi ngesikhathi sokukhula okujulile kwamahlumela - kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti. Ungathenga amalungiselelo okwenziwe ngomumo njenge "Giant", "Ideal", umanyolo we-azaleas neminye imibala equkethe isethi ephelele yezinto ezibalulekile. Ama-Organic ngohlobo lwe-Mullein ukumnika (1:10), evula umquba eduze kwehlathi.
Indlela yokunciphisa i-oleander?
I-pink laurel ihluma emagatsheni omnyaka wamanje, ukusika izihlahla ngesikhathi esifanayo kuvuselela isikhukhuni ukuba senze umqhele omuhle kanye nokubonakala kwenani elikhudlwana lefihlekile elisha. Amahlumela ayisisekelo ancishiswe ngesigamu noma phezulu ku-1/3 yobude obuphelele, amaqabunga e-lateral ashiywe ngo-10 cm kusuka endaweni yokuhlanganisa. Lapho entwasahlobo isebenza engadini, susa amagatsha angaphezu kwamanzi, owomile futhi aqinile. Ukusika izicucu kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokusahlobo, emva kokusila, ukusika izihlahla kukhuthaza. Ezinyangeni zasekupheleni kwekwindla, ukususwa kwamagatsha akufanele kwenziwe, ukuze kungabi buthakathaka.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Oleander
Ama-oleanders ahlobisa ajwayelekile - izindlu zomzimba ezidinga ukufakelwa kwesikhashana kwisitsha esikhulu. Izihlahla ezincane zihamba ngale nqubo minyaka yonke, izihlahla ezindala zidluliselwa emabhokisini amasha eminyakeni engu-2-3 ngokushintshwa okugcwele kwenhlabathi engaphezulu. Ikhono lithathwa alangafaki kakhulu, ububanzi obuncane besibindi sangaphambilini. Kunconywa ukufakelwa i-laurel ebomvu kusukela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni, ukuhlinzeka izitshalo nge- drainage enhle .
Izimbali ze-Indoor oleander - izifo nezinambuzane
Nakuba lesi sitshalo sifike esifundeni sethu kusuka endaweni ehlukile yendawo yezulu, kodwa sinesifo esiyizinambuzane nezifo ezilimazayo ezingakwazi ukucindezela ukukhula. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngenxa yesizathu esingaziwa, i-oleander iwa amaqabunga, phezu kwamapulethi aluhlaza avela izindawo ezingajwayelekile. Uma umhloli wezitshalo engaphenduki ekubonakalweni kwezifo noma izinambuzane, ngeke akwazi ukuthola isihlahla esinamandla, esiningi kakhulu esinezimbali ezinomsindo.
Izifo eziyinhloko nezinambuzane ze-oleander zivamile:
- Ukumiswa kwemisa kanye nokwehla kwamaqabunga kwenzeka ngokuntuleka komswakama.
- Esikhathini esilungisiwe noma ekamelweni elibandayo, amahlumela e-pink laurel angalahla amahlamvu.
- I-Yellowing yamahlamvu ibangela ukuchelela okungalungile noma ukupha.
- Ukukhanya okubi nokuntuleka komoya omusha - isizathu esivamile sokuqedwa kwezihlahla zezimbali.
- Lapho i-snap ebanda futhi ichelela ngamanzi abandayo, i-laurel ebomvana iveza izimbali.
- Umoya owomile uholela ekusomweni kwamasu amaqabunga.
- Izifo ze-fungal zivela njengamaqabunga amnyama noma izindawo ezinombala ezimhlophe. I-oxychloride ye-Copper, i-Oxihom, i-Cuproxat isiza ukulwa nokugqwala. I-soapy ukhunta ihlanzwa ngamanzi asozini. Uma zingekho izindlela ezilula, khona-ke izindlela zamakhemikhali zisetshenziswa.
- Ama-white specks kanye nemiphakathi ekhombisa ukubonakala kwamagciwane e-oleander noma bacteriosis, amahlumela abathintekayo kudingeka adulwe,
- Ngokumelene ne-scabbard, i-mealybug ne-spider mite kusiza i-Aktellik nokuxubha amahlumela ngesiponji efakwe ensikeni yokuhlanza.