Ukuze uzijabulise wena nabathandekayo bakho ngezitsha okumnandi, ungahlela ingadi encane ekamelweni, isibonelo, ukukhulisa i-watercress efasiteleni. Kuyinto ehlwabusayo futhi ewusizo, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho kulula ukutshala nokushiya. Ukuqaphela imithetho ethile, ungakwazi ukujabulela imifino esimnandi unyaka wonke.
Ubonakala sengathi i-watercress ibukeka kanjani?
Isitshalo semifino sonyaka sithandwa ngabapheki. Ukuthola ukuthi i-watercress yasekhaya ikhula kanjani, kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi unesiqu esincane esinezinhlamvu eziningi kanye nezimpande ezilula. Ngesikhathi isiqu sihlanzekile, lesi sitshalo sibhekwa njengasemncane futhi singadliwa. Izimbali ziyabonakala ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi, ngakho-ke kule nkathi kunezimbali zombala omhlophe noma obomvana, emva kwalokho kuvezwa i-fruit-pod. I-cress isaladi, izinhlobo zazo ezahluke ngokubukeka, kuhlaziywa, okukhula ngakho akufanele kube yinkinga.
- Amaqabunga onke. Isitshalo singashesha noma sekwephuzile. I-rosette inkulu, futhi amaqabunga amancane futhi ahlanganiswe kancane.
- I-Curly. I-rosette encane futhi i-17 cm. Amaqabunga e-watercress esekhulile efasiteleni azobe ekhululekile futhi ephakanyisiwe. Kunezinhlobo ezisheshayo neziphakathi.
- Ukuhlwanyela. Kulezi zinhlobo i-rosette inkulu futhi i-19-21 cm. Amaqabunga akhula ngokuzungezile futhi abe nomumo obanzi, obumbene.
Amagama ambalwa mayelana nokuthi kulungile kangakanani amanzi okucwilisa amanzi efasiteleni. Kungcono ukuyifaka ekuphekeni kwezitsha efomu elisha, ngakho ligcina inzuzo enkulu. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ukunambitheka kwezinto ezimilayo kufana nengxube evuthayo ye-horseradish, isithombo nesweli. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuhlanganisa i-watercress ngamafutha omnqumo. Isitshalo esincane sigcizelela ngokuphelele ukunambitheka kweshizi, i-cottage shizi, isobho elibandayo nama-sauces. Ihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nama-legumes, amapheya, ama-apula, ama-aergergini nezinye imifino. Isaladi kungcono ukusiphula ngezandla zakho, hhayi ukusika.
Indlela yokutshala i-watercress efasiteleni?
Uma ufisa, ekhaya, ungakhula noma yimiphi imifino nemifino, okungenakujabulisa kodwa abantu abangenalo isakhiwo sezwe. Okokuqala, thola imbewu emisha (akufanele ibe iminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha) futhi uhlole ubuqotho babo njalo. Ukutshala i-watercress ekhaya kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana:
- Ukusebenzisa i-substrate ye-inert. Izinzuzo ze-watercress zifakazela ukuthi zingatshalwa ngaphandle kwenhlabathi. Thatha isitsha bese ubeka isiponti, sawdust, uboya bekotini, i-gauze noma enye i-substrate ngezansi, ubukhulu obufanele bube yi-1.5-2 cm.Thulule ngamanzi bese uhlukanisa ngokwehlukana imbewu. Ngemuva kwalokhu, bahambise e-substrate elungiselelwe, bebekwe ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Vala phezulu ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Beka isitsha endaweni enobumnyama kude namabhethri ashisayo. Ngosuku kuyoba khona amahlumela, futhi ungakwazi ukususa ifilimu. Ukuze ukhule i-watercress efasiteleni, ungakhohlwa ukuwasebenzisa amahlumela futhi uwashintshe 180 ° nsuku zonke. Ukuziphatha nokutshala, okuzoxoxwa ngezansi.
- Ngokusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi. Esigodini esinokuphakama kwama-8-10 cm phansi, faka amanzi, isibonelo, ubumba, futhi ungqimba lwayo kufanele ube ngu-2-3 cm. Kubalulekile ukuthi i-vase inezivulela zokuphunyuka komswakama okweqile. Thela ungqimba we-3-4 cm wenhlabathi kuwo futhi uthele imbewu elandelwe ngaphambili. Phezulu ngendwangu yenhlabathi ngo-1 cm. Kulula kancane usebenzisa umshini wokufafaza, bese umboza ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Izenzo ezengeziwe, njengendlela yokuqala.
- Ukusebenzisa isihlava setiyi. Ngenxa yale ndlela, ungakwazi ukuqoqa ngokushesha amanzi amanzi ekhaya. Ngesihlungo, uthele imbewu, uyibeke indebe bese uthele ngamanzi afudumele (30 ° C) kuyo. Beka ewindini lewindi bese ulinda umphumela.
I-cress isaladi efasiteleni - isikhathi sokutshala
Ukuvuna kuyathandwa ngenxa yokuthi ingahlwanyiswa unyaka wonke. Abanye balimi baqinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi esihle sokutshala imbewu kusekuseni kwentwasahlobo, okungukuqala kukaMashi. Kunombono wokuthi ungatshala kanjani i-watercress ngendlela efanele, ukuthi imifino enamanzi amaningi athole, udinga ukuhlwanyela ngo-Agasti. Qaphela ukuthi lesi sitshalo kumele sitshalwe njalo, cishe zonke izinsuku ezingu-5, ukuvuselela isaladi esisikiwe kakade.
I-Watercress - izimbali
Sekukhulunywe kakade ukuthi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhakeni kuqala ukuqhuma ngoJuni-Julayi. Izimbali zincane futhi ziqoqwe ku-inflorescence-shayela. Abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi emva kwalokhu, ukutshalwa kwamanzi ekhaya kufanele kume, kodwa empeleni akunjalo, ngoba imifino ifanele ukudla, ithola nje ukufutheka okuncane, okuthandwa kakhulu. Emva kwalokhu, kuhlanganiswa i-fruit-pod, lapho kunezinhlobo ze-ovoid uhlobo lombala ophuzi obomvu. Bavuthwa ngo-Agasti futhi balondoloze ukuhluma kwabo iminyaka engu-3-4.
I-cress isaladi - nini ukuvuna?
Jabulela ukunambitheka futhi uthole inzuzo evela emahlathini asetshenziswe efasiteleni, ungaba lapho ukuphakama kwe-stem kufinyelela cishe ngo-8 cm. Uma ucabanga ukuthi uzokhipha nini amanzi, kufaneleka ukukhomba ukuthi kunconywa ukuvuna isivuno ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Sebenzisa izikhali ukusika iziqu ngamaqabunga. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ungagcina imifino amahora angu-24 esiqandisini esitsheni samanzi. Ngolunye usuku olulandelayo, luzolahlekelwa izinto zalo eziwusizo. Lapho ukuphakama kweziqu kufinyelela ku-14 cm, isitshalo sisusiwe ngokuphelele.
Izimo ezikhulayo zesaladi
Ufuna ukwenza ingadi encane efasiteleni, bese ulandela izincomo ezimbalwa ezilula:
- Ukukhanyisa. Isaladi ingakhula kokubili ephepheni elisenyakatho nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga. Emoyeni abandayo, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okungeziwe - i- phytolamps noma ukukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Idivayisi kufanele ibe ukuphakama kwe-0.5m ukusuka e-watercress efasiteleni. Uma usebenzisa izibani ze-LED, zingafakwa endaweni ephakeme ye-5 cm ezivela ezitshalweni. Ubude bosuku lokukhanya akufanele kube ngamahora angaphezu kuka-14.
- Ukushisa. Ukukhuphula i-cress-saladi ebhodini noma i-window sill, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukushisa okuphakanyisiwe kungabangela ukuchithwa komhlabathi nokubhujiswa kwemifula. Amanani avela ku-17 kuya ku-20 ° C abhekwa njengendlela ekahle.
- Ukunqunywa. Ochwepheshe basikisela njalo ukususa izitshalo ezincane ezengeziwe. Ngesikhathi sokuqala inqubo kufanele iqhutshwe ngesonto ngemuva kokuvela, kodwa phawula ukuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwamahlumela akumele libe ngaphezu kuka-2 cm. Isikhathi sesibili sokususa amahlumela amaningi kunconywa ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amaningana. Ngemuva kwalokho, phakathi kwezitshalo kufanele okungenani kube ngu-5 cm. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-watercress efasiteleni izothuthuka, hhayi ukwehla phezulu.
I-watercress e-greenery - inhlabathi
Uma kunqunywe ukutshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini, kungcono ukuthi umlandele esitolo. Khetha "i-Biogrunt" yonke, eyoqukatha zonke izinto ezibalulekile futhi ayidingi ukulungiselela, okungukuthi, ukususwa kwe-microbes nokunye. Uma utshala i-watercress ekhaya, khumbula ukuthi kufanele kube khona ama-humus amaningi enhlabathini. Kulo-akhawunti, uma usebenzisa umhlaba ovamile, okumele ubhakiwe kuhhavini, ukuze kungabikho amabhaktheriya.
Ungamanzi kanjani amanzi?
Ukukhula okusheshayo, kubalulekile ukugcina unomhlabathi umswakama njalo, ngoba uma uvumela ukomiswa kwenhlabathi, lesi sitshalo sizokhula ngokushesha futhi sinambithe kuyoba buhlungu. Ukuze uketshezi sebenzisa ukuchelela nge-spout eside. Ukukhuphula i-cress-saladi ekhaya efasiteleni kufaka phakathi ukuhlunga okwenziwa njalo emasimini, lapho amanzi asetshenziswa khona ekushiseni kwamahhala.
I-cress-saladi efasiteleni - ukugqoka okuphezulu
Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ama-fertilizer izikhathi eziningana:
- Uma iqabunga lokuqala langempela livela, sebenzisa isisombululo se- urea , okungama-25 g we-carbamide okufanele athathwe ibhakede lamanzi. Ungayiletha ngaphansi kwempande bese uphefaza.
- Ukuze ukhule kahle imifino yamanzi, isonto emva kokufaka umquba wokuqala, engeza umquba, okuhlanganisa u-20 g we-superphosphate no-10 g we-saltium potassium no-ammonium sulfate. Inani elibekiwe libalwe ebhaketheni lamanzi. Emva kokuvuna, sebenzisa umanyolo futhi, ukuze izitshalo ezikhulayo zinike izakhi.
Izilokazane ze-watercress
Njengoba imifino efasiteleni ikhula ngokushesha, khona-ke izifo zakhe azikwazi nje ukuthi zinezimanga. Ezimweni ezingavamile, uma inhlabathi inomswakama, umlenze omnyama ungavela . Kulesi simo, indlela kuphela yokuphuma ukutshala isitshalo, ngoba ayikwazi ukuphathwa nge-fungicides, ngaphandle kwalokho isaladi ngeke isifanele ukudla. Incazelo ye-watercress ibonisa ukuthi izinambuzane ezimbili kuphela ezingahlaselwa kuyo - i-cruciferous flea kanye ne-klabishi fluke.
Kunokucubungula i-watercress ezinambuzane?
Uma ama-cruciferous fleas abonakala esitshalweni, ukuhlunga kufanele kuqhutshwe ngokuqothula umlotha okhuni noma uthuli olutshani emanzini. Lokhu kuyadumaza inkathazo futhi kungaphazamisi ikhwalithi yemifino. Abaningi banesithakazelo kulokho okuzocubungula imifino ye-cress-saladi ne-butterfly iklabishi, kodwa kuphela amakhemikhali angabhekana nayo, futhi lokhu kuvunyelwe ukuthi lesi sitshalo singavunyelwe. Isixazululo kuphela ukubamba ngesandla. Ungasebenzisa ukukhanya njengenhlanzi.