Isihlahla esingapheli se-gooseberries singokomndeni wamatshe-furred. Ngokuvamile likhula ngamamitha amabili phezulu futhi likhule kahle iminyaka eyisikhombisa kuya kweyisishiyagalombili. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini ezithelo zawo, lesi sitshalo sikhule ezindaweni eziningi. Futhi ukuthi lesi sitshalo sanikeze isivuno esikhulu, sizokutshela ngezici ezikhethekile zokutshala nokunakekela ugqumugqumu.
Ukutshala okulungile kwe-ugqumugqumu
Ukuze ukhule izihlahla, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa kahle indawo yayo. Indawo enhle yokutshala ugqumugqumu ihlangothi elikhanyayo, elangeni. Kungatshalwa eceleni kocingo noma ucingo endaweni eyi-1.5m noma phakathi kwezihlahla ezincane. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha inhlabathi elula yokukhanya, kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi asemhlabathini adlule ekujuleni okungaphansi kwe-1.5 m.
Ngaphansi kokufika, udinga ukugoba umgodi ubukhulu bhakede, kuphi lapho kufanele uthule ama-humus noma umquba , ingilazi yomlotha (uma ikhona). Izitshalo ezinomsoco noma ze-nitrogen zingangeniswa emgodini wokutshala ngesikhathi sokutshala kwentwasahlobo. Uma wenza ukutshala ugqumugqumu ekwindla, akukho ukufaka umanyolo owengeziwe okudingekayo. Izithombo, lapho zitshalwe, kufanele zigodwe emgodini u-6-7 cm ngaphansi kwekhola yezimpande - lokhu kuzosiza ekukhuleni okusheshayo kwamahlumela. Izwe elizungeze isihlahla kumele linyathelwe, liphuze futhi limbozwe .
Ukunakekela ugqumugqumu
Uma sikhuluma ngezici ezikhethekile zokunakekela isihlahla, khona-ke singasho ukuthi i-agrotechnics ye-gooseberries ekhulayo ihlanganisa imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko - ukukhulula umhlabathi, ukondla nokwenza isihlahla.
Ukuze utholakale kahle, ugqumugqumu udinga ukwelapha njalo futhi ukhululeke enhlabathini ngemva kokunisela ngamunye. Kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela kakhulu, ngoba izimpande zasendle zikhona eduze komhlabathi. Kungcono ukuthi ungajulise ithuluzi elingaphezu kuka-7 cm. Futhi, qiniseka ukuthi ususa wonke ukhula.
Ukuze uhlakulele i-gooseberries kubalulekile ukuhlelwa ngendlela ehlelekile kumanyolo. Kwanele ukugqoka okwezinye ezintathu ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo kanye ne-fruiting:
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kuqala kwenziwa entwasahlobo ngesikhathi kukhishwa kuqala inhlabathi. Ngaphansi kwesihlahla kunconywa ukuba wenze umquba we-nitrogen
- Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesibili kwenziwa ngenkathi yezimbali ze-gooseberries. Ngalesi sikhathi, isihlahla sidinga i-potassium-phosphorus.
- Ukondla okwesithathu kwenziwa ekwindla, kufanele kube umanyolo obunzima, okuzosiza isitshalo ukuba sisinde ebusika.
Ukwakhiwa kwesihlahla se-gooseberries kuyadingeka ekwakhiweni kwesisekelo salo nokwandisa isivuno. Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-3-4, ukusika izihlahla, okwenziwa entwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa ubude bamagatsha, ukuqeda amahlumela abonakalisiwe, nokunikeza isihlahla isimo esifanele. Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukususa amagatsha angasebenzi asetshenziselwa izitshalo, esikhundleni saso ngamahlumela amancane.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza ugqumugqumu
Ukuzala okumilayo, ukusika, ukuhlukaniswa kwehlathi, izingqimba kanye nembewu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindlela ezintathu zokuqala zibhekwa njengeziphumelela kakhulu emasangweni. Ukugcina - ukukhiqizwa kwe-gooseberries ngembewu - kwenziwa ngabalimi ukuthola izinhlobo ezintsha.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-ugqumugqumu nge-cuttings kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kwesikhathi sokusebenza kwezimila. Ukusika nge ubude buka-15-20 cm ne-4-5 efihlekile kunqunywe emahlumela avuthiwe. Zifakwe esitsheni esinomxube we-peat-sand ngaphansi komthambeko, ushiya izinso ezimbili ngaphezu komhlaba. Ukuze uhlale unomhlabathi nge-cuttings enomanzi, udinga ukumbozwa. Lapho izihlahla zithatha izimpande futhi zinamaqabunga amaningana, zingafakwa endaweni engadini.
Kodwa indlela yokusakazwa kwe-ugqumugqumu ngamathembo yiyona elula. Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqhakaza amaqabunga, amahlumela amaningana ama-basal-one-year-old akhethiwe. Ngemva kokwenza iziqu eziningana emhlabathini nge-15 cm ejulile, lawa mahlumela abekwe emigodini, ekhonjiwe phansi ehlathini nasekugcineni kwehlumela. Kungenzeka ukwandisa izendlalelo ezengeziwe uma zifinyelelwa ekukhuleni kwe-10 cm.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesibhakabhaka kungcono ukusebenzisa ekufakweni kwezitshalo kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala ze-gooseberries kwenye indawo. Ngemuva kokumba isitshalo, ihlukaniswe kahle nge-secateur ezingxenyeni eziningana, ngalinye liqukethe amagatsha nezimpande. Ukwenza ukwahlukana kwesihlahla kulandela ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kwamaqabunga noma kwentwasahlobo.