I-Savant Syndrome nabantu abanamakhono ahlukile

Igama lalezi zenzakalo lanikezwa nguJohn Langdon Down- "Savant Syndrome", kodwa ngo-1879 ubaba wama-psychiatry aseMelika uBenjack Rush waphawula futhi wachaza uphawu oluyinqaba - insizwa eyayinokukhubazeka kwengqondo yayinamakhono angavamile emathematika - ingakwazi ukubala ukuthi mangaki imizuzwana umuntu azohlala nganoma iyiphi into yena isikhathi esithile.

Kuyini i-savantism?

I-Savant yindoda, kanye nokungaqondakali okungokwengqondo okuthile noma izilonda eziphilayo zobuchopho, zinamakhono obuhlakani. Kungakwazi ukubala ngokushesha ukuthi yiliphi usuku lwesonto inombolo ecacisiwe eyophuma emva kwezinkulungwane zeminyaka, ifunde noma iyiphi umbhalo ngenhliziyo, ukuyibuka noma ukuyizwa kanye. Bonke abanakekeli banememori enhle. I-syndrome inomlando omude, kodwa ngo-1888 J. Down kuphela, ebona ukungaboni kahle, okuveziwe kanye nokukwazi ukufunda ngendlela efanele. I-savant syndrome iyingqayizivele, ingcweti kanye nokunciphisa ebhodini elilodwa.

I-savant syndrome ihle noma imbi?

Umbuzo othi "u-savannism ulungile noma omubi" kunzima ukuphendula ngokungahleleki. Abantu-abahlengikazi banenkinga enkulu yengqondo futhi kaningi bengenasiphelo ekuphileni kwabo kwansuku zonke. Kunzima ukuxhumana, imisebenzi yasekhaya yasekhaya. Ukushaya izinkinobho noma ukuvala ukukhanya kubo kuyisivivinyo esinzima. Ingabe inxephezela lokho "isiqhingi sobuhlakani" esikhona ebuchosheni babo? Ngamakhono anjalo avelele, i-coefficient yentuthuko yengqondo phakathi kwabo ayidluli ngaphezu kwama-40.

Amakhono okusindisa

Igama elithi "isiqhingi sobuhlakani" lwenziwa nguDeroldt Traffett. Impela ingcono kakhulu-amakhono afanelekayo ngokumelene nesizinda sosizo jikelele. Amathalenta ama-savants angenamkhawulo ngempela. Amakhono alandelayo okwamanje achazwe:

  1. Isibalo . Kungenza kalula ukukhiqiza izibalo ngezibalo eziyisithupha.
  2. Umculo . Labo abangenayo imfundo yomculo, abahlengikazi, ngemuva kokuzwa ingoma eyodwa kanye, bayakwazi ukuyiveza ngokunembile ithuluzi lomculo.
  3. Ukuqaphela - khumbula inani elikhulu lolwazi.
  4. Ukudweba - kungakha ubuciko bokubuciko obuhle.
  5. Izilimi - ziyazi izilimi eziningi zakwamanye amazwe.

Indlela yokuthola i-Savant Syndrome?

I-savant syndrome isifo sokubeletha, isifo sezofuzo. Kuvame ukutholakala kubantu abane-autism noma i-Asperger syndrome, ngezinye izikhathi kubangelwa ukuphulwa ekuthuthukiseni kwe-intrauterine kwengane. Noma kunjalo, abantu abane-Savant Syndrome abayitholayo bayaziwa. Laba bantu baye bahlaselwa yi-craneocerebral ukulimala noma izifo ze-CNS ezinezinkinga ezalandela ebuchosheni. Kulabafundi, ama- hemispheres obuchopho awakhuliswa ngendlela engafanele - ilungelo lihlehlisiwe ngendlela engafanele, lilimaze ngakwesobunxele. Chaza lokhu ngokukhiqizwa komthamo we-hormone testosterone, okuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezwe lokudla kwesokunxele.

Ama-savan ahloniphekile

Okwamanje yaziwa:

  1. Kim Peak . Wazalwa ene-pathology yobuchopho - ama-hemispheres angakwesokudla nangakwesokunxele awazange ahlukaniswe nhlobo. Inememori enkulu. Ngafunda izincwadi ezingaphezu kuka-10 000 futhi ngingakwazi ukukhiqiza noma yini ngenkumbulo.
  2. UStephen Walshere ungumculi we-savant onenkumbulo emangalisayo . Ungakwazi ukukhiqiza noma iyiphi i-landscape, kanye kuphela uma uyibuka.
  3. UBen Underwood - ukuxilongwa kwe-retinoblastoma, esusiwe emehlweni, noma kunjalo, esebenzisa i-echolocation, wahamba ngokugcwele emkhathini.
  4. U-Derek Amato - eneminyaka engama-40 wathola ingxabano nge-35% yokulahlekelwa kokuzwa nokukhumbula okuyingxenye. Ngenxa yalokho, wathola ikhono lokubona "umculo" futhi waba yipiyano enhle kunazo zonke esikhathini sethu
  5. UDaniel Tammet wabhekana nokuqothulwa kwesibindi eminyakeni emine, ngemva kwalokho wayenamakhono embalo. Ingaveza noma yikuphi ukubalwa nganoma yiziphi izinamba ngomzuzwana. Kodwa sidinga ukuqonda ukuthi ayenzi izibalo ngomqondo ovamile wenzalo. Yona kanye inqubo yokubala ayiqondi ngokuphelele. "Uyambona". Izibalo engqondweni yakhe ziyizinto ezithile nemibala, lapho izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zihlangana phakathi kwesithathu, nombala wazo nesimo esiyingqayizivele.