I-Crimea yindawo emangalisayo, lapho umlando nesimanje, izikhumbuzo zasendulo kanye nemithombo yemvelo, amabhishi, ulwandle, izintaba, izindlu zamakhosi , amapheba ahlangene. Idolobha ngalinye linikeza izivakashi zalo indawo enhle yokuvakashela. Amadolobha aseChersonesos - enye yezinto eziyinhloko zeSevastopol. Umuzi wasungulwa ngekhulu le-BC BC futhi iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili zokuba khona kwawo kwakuwukugxila kwamasiko aseByzantium naseRoma, kwavela izinguquko eziningi zamandla, ukunqoba, ukubhujiswa. Kuye amagama amadumo alababusi abakhulu njengeNkosi Mithridates, uMbusi Gaius Julius Caesar, Prince Vladimir.
I-Reserve National kaTauric Chersonesos eSevastopol ibhekwa njengenye yezindawo zasendulo ezifundwa kakhulu, njengoba ucwaningo lwabavubukuli lwenziwa lapha iminyaka engaphezu kuka-170. Igama elithi "Chersonese" lihunyushwe kusukela esiGrekini njenge "peninsula", kanye nencazelo ethi "Tavrichesky" - etholakala ezweni laseTauris, ezikhathini zasendulo, iNingizimu Coast yaseCrimea ibizwa ngokuthi iTaurica. Ezindaweni zasendulo zaseRashiya ziyaziwa ngokuthi yiKorsun.
I-Chersonesos yayiyi-polis yangempela-isimo somuzi. Ukuphila kwakhe okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kusukela esikhathini se-IV kuya kwe-II leminyaka BC, ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona ukulawula uhlelo lwesigqila, futhi uhlobo lukahulumeni lwaluyintando yeningi - iqembu eliyinhloko lamandla okuphatha laliyinhlangano yabantu. Ekhulwini lesibili leminyaka BC, amaSkithe afana nempi aye kumaChersones ngempi futhi baphoqeleka ukubuyela enkosini enamandla i-Myrddat IV Evpator. Laba bantu abahlukumezekile baphinduka emuva, kodwa umuzi walahlekelwa ukuzimela. Ekhulwini lokuqala BC, i-polis yaba yingxenye yoMbuso WaseRoma omkhulu futhi yalahlekelwa intando yeningi yayo. Ekhulwini leminyaka le-IV, ubuKristu bungafika eChersonesos futhi lwaba yindawo yayo enkulu, enezithempeli eziningi nezindlu. Kwaphela iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili, idolobha lalwela impi futhi phakathi nekhulu le-XV lagcina liwa, liphelelwe yimpi yama-nomads.
I-Tauric Chersonesos Reserve yanikezwa isimo somthetho kazwelonke ngo-1994 ngumthetho kaMengameli. Namuhla kuyinhlangano enkulu yesayensi-
- Isikhungo sokucwaninga, okubandakanya iminyango eminingi kanye nokuboniswa. Isikhumbuzo sezomlando esiyinhloko yidolobha laseTauric Chersonesos ngokwayo, okuyizinto ezivezwa ngamanxiwa ezindawo zokuhlala nezesidlangalaleni ezitholwe yizinto ezihlukahlukene zokumba emlandweni womuzi. Izinto ezilandelayo ezibalulekile zisezindaweni zayo:
- i-square central Chersonesos - yabekwa ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa komuzi futhi ayizange ishintshe imisebenzi yayo ngesikhathi sonke. Ngokuvamile kwakhiwa amathempeli - okokuqala yasendulo, ngaleso sikhathi-engamaKristu. Manje esigcawini esiphezulu saseTauric Chersonesos isonto lesonto laseVladimir, elibuyiselwe esikhundleni sokuqothulwa kwalo, esakhiwe ngekhulu le-XIX, likhuphuka;
- indawo yaseshashalazini yasendulo eChersonese yiyona yodwa yeshashalazi yohlu kulo lonke i-CIS. Eyakhelwe ekupheleni kwekhulu le-III ne-IV, yayisikhonza njengemibuthano yemibuthano yomphakathi, imikhosi kanye nempi yokulwa. Kodwa ngokusungulwa kobuKristu eMbusweni wamaRoma kwabhujiswa, futhi kamuva wakhiwa ngokuphelele ngamathempeli;
- I-Basilica e-Basilica iyithempeli lesikhathi esidlule, elitholakala ukuthi enye indlu engcwele yakhiwa emanxiweni omunye;
- Umbhoshongo waseZeno, obizwa ngokuthi umbusi waseByzantium;
- izinsalela zezindonga ezizivikelo zedolobha.
Uphi iChersonesus?
Abavakashi abafika ezweni laseCrimea, bazama ukuvakashela iChersonese kanye nezinye izinto zeSevastopol, ngakho-ke qaphela ukuthi ungafika kanjani. Kusesiteshini sesitimela udinga ukuya esitobhini sebhasi. Dm. Ulyanova, uhamba nge-trolleybus No. 10 noma 6, noma usebenzisa itekisi elungisiwe lombhalo No. 107, 109, 110 no-112. Khona-ke ungashintsha ibhasi le-22 bese ushayela eceleni kwe-Ulyanov Street ukuya olwandle bese uhamba cishe imizuzu engu-15-12 bese uvula umgwaqo wasendulo.
Ezinye izivakashi eziseMyuziyamu ziyamangala ngenxa yobuningi babantu ekugezeni amasu emabhishi aseChersonesos. Futhi ngempela, amabhishi asezindaweni zomuzi we-museum abukeka okungavamile, kodwa ane charm ekhethekile, ngoba ayathandwa kakhulu, naphezu kwezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokududuzeka.
I-resonance enamandla namathonya abahambeli babangela ukutholakala kwamuva nje kwezinyawo zika-Andrew the First-ebizwa eChersonesos. I-trackprint yaziwa kwabaningi ngaphambili, kodwa ayizange ixhumane nongcwele kuze kube yilapho ifanisa ukuthi ikhona kuphi nerekhodi emlandweni wekhulu le-16.
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