Mangaki amasonto amabili ahlola ukukhulelwa?

Lolu hlobo lokuhlolwa kokuhlola, njengokuhlola, selanda kuqalwa emazweni ase-Soviet. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwenza ucwaningo oluphakeme nolwazi olunzima, manje selusetshenziswa kabanzi. Ngosizo lwale nhlolovo, odokotela bahlela ukubeka amaqembu engozini ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga ezingenzeka nje kuphela ngenxa yokubeletha ngokwayo, kodwa nokuthuthukiswa kwengane. Cabangela ukuhlolwa ngokuningiliziwe futhi uthole ukuthi mangaki amasonto ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ucwaningo olunjalo olunjalo luqhutshwa.

Ngabe kuvame ukuhlolwa kabusha?

Okokuqala, kufanele kuthiwa ngokokuqala ngqa owesifazane aqhutshwa isifundo esinjalo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, amasonto angu-12-13. Ngalesi sikhathi, odokotela bahlela ukwenza ukwephulwa ekuthuthukiseni kwezitho nezinhlelo. Uma sikhuluma ngamasonto amangaki ukuhlolwa kokubili, isikhathi esanele kakhulu samasonto angu-16-20. Ngokuvamile kunqunywe esikhathini esivela kumaviki angu-17-19. Yile migomo odokotela abayishayayo lapho bephendula umbuzo wabamama abalindele ukuthi bangamasonto amaningani ngesikhathi bekhulelwe benza ukuhlolwa kwesibili.

Iyini injongo yalolu cwaningo futhi ikuvumela ukuthini ukusungula?

Isikrini sikuvumela ukuba ubone phakathi kwabesifazane abasengozini yokuthuthukisa ukungavamile kwe-chromosomal enganeni yabo. Kulesi simo, inqubo enjalo iyinkimbinkimbi futhi ihlanganisa i-ultrasound, i-biochemical blood test. Ngesikhathi sokucwaninga kokugcina ukuthi kunezimpawu ezithile ezisungulwe, phakathi kwazo: i-alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) , i- estriol yamahhala, i -gonadotropin ye-chorionic yabantu (hCG). Kule ndaba, ngokuvamile uvela odokotela ungazwa igama lesibili - ukuhlolwa kathathu.

Ukwakhiwa kokuhlushwa egazini lomama okhulelwe wezinto ezibalwe ngenhla kwenza kube lula ukukhuluma ngamathuba aphezulu ekwenzeni ingozi yokwakheka kwamathambo njengalokhu:

• I-Down's syndrome (igama lesibili yi-trisomy 21);
• I-Edwards 'syndrome (i-trisomy 18);
• amaphutha we-tube ye-neural (intambo yomgogodla ne-anencephaly free, akukho ubuchopho).

Ukuhunyushwa kwemiphumela kuyatholakala kanjani?

Njengoba sibhekane nenani lamasonto lapho ukuhlolwa kwesibili kwenziwa, sizobe sichaza ukuthi imiphumela ihlolwe kanjani.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi udokotela kuphela ongenza lokhu. Phela, ukushintsha inkomba ethile akuyona ukwephulwa okuqondile, kodwa kubonisa kuphela amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwawo.

Isibonelo, ukukhuphuka kokuhlushwa kwe-hCG egazini lomama ozayo kungabonisa amathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ukungahleleki kwe-chromosomal kumntwana ozayo, kungenzeka ukuthi i-gestosis. Ukuncipha kwezinga le-hormone, njengombuso, kubonisa ukwephulwa kwentuthuko ye-placenta.

Ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhlushwa kwe-AFP egazini legazi lomama ozayo kuthathwa njengesibonakaliso sokuphulwa kwenani lama-chromosomes, i-genome yengane ezayo. Izifo ezenzekayo kule nkampani zibalwe ngenhla. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwanda okukhulu ekuhlungeni kwe-alpha-fetoprotein kungabangela ukufa komntwana.

Izinguquko ekugxilweni kwe-estriol yamahhala isebenza njengesignali sokuphazamisa umsebenzi wesistimu ye-fetoplacental. Lokhu kuvumela ezingeni zokuqala zokubeletha ukuthola ukuhlukumeza okunjalo njenge-hypoxia yesisu bese uphendula ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amathuba okuphazamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo zobuchopho kuhle.

Ngakho-ke, njengoba kungabonakala kulesi sihloko, ukuhlolwa kuyabhekisela kulezo zifundo ezingabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthuthukisa uhlobo oluthile lwezifo. Ngakho-ke, njalo emva kokuhlolwa kwemiphumela kanye nokuba khona kwezinsolo, kutholakala ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe.