Ukuhlaziywa kwe-spermatozoa

Phakathi kwalabo okuthiwa amamaki anquma ukuzala komzimba we-ejaculate wesilisa, kubalulekile ukulalela ukuhlaziywa kokuhlukaniswa kwesidoda se-DNA (ukuhlaziywa kwezakhi zofuzo). Iphuzu eliphelele ukuthi ubuqotho balezi zakhiwo emaselini amagciwane wesilisa kuqinisekisa inkambo efanele yenqubo yokudlulisela izinto eziphathelene nezakhi zofuzo. Ake sixoxe ngalolu hlobo locwaningo ngokuningiliziwe futhi sihlale ezinkomba eziyinhloko zokuziphatha kwayo, kanye nokucaciswa kokulungiselela.

Iziphi izimo lolu hlobo lwesifundo olunikezwe?

Ukuhlaziywa kwesigaba se-DNA ukuhlukaniswa akunikezwa kuwo wonke amadoda. Njengomthetho, usizo lwakhe lisetshenziselwa amacala alandelayo:

• ukuxilongwa kokungazalwa emshadweni;
• imizamo engaphumeleli yokufeza ukwenziwa komanyolo we-vitro;
• ukuphindaphinda okuphindaphindiwe;
• ukutholakala kwezinto ezingavamile ku- spermogram;
• ukulungiselela ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokusiza bokuhlobo lokuzala, njenge- ICSI.

Uma uhlaziya ukuhlaziywa, umphumela ubalwa njengephesenti. Ngakho, nge-30% ukwephulwa kwe-DNA ubuqotho nokuningi, ukuxilongwa kokungabi namuntu kwenziwa. Emadodeni enempilo, i-sperm yayo ene-fertility ephakeme, lesi sibalo asidluli ku-15%. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu cwaningo luhluke ekuhlaziyweni kwe-motility ye-spermatozoa, eyenziwa nge-spermogram.

Iziphi izizathu ezingakwenyuka ukuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA ku-spermatozoa?

Izizathu zokwandisa isibonakaliso esikulesi sihloko ziningi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, odokotela abazange bakwazi ukusungula, okwaholela ekuphuleni kwesimo esithile. Ngokuvamile phakathi kwezici ezenza ukwanda kokuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA okutholakala kumaseli amagciwane wesilisa, okulandelayo kubonakala:

• umthelela emzimbeni wemisebe ye-ionizing;
• ukuba khona kwezifo ezithathelwana ngegciwane ohlelweni lokuzala;
• ukwamukela umugqa ohlukile wemithi kanye ne-chemotherapy uma kunezifo ezingokwemvelo;
• uketshezi lomzimba onesisindo esinzima (mercury, lead);
• izimo ezimbi zemvelo;
• izici zofuzo;
• izinqubo ezingapheli ohlelweni lwe-genitourinary (prostatitis, vesiculitis).

Lolu hlobo locwaningo lwenziwa kanjani?

Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-ejaculate nge-reagents ekhethekile, ihlolwe ngaphansi kwe-microscope ngenyuka enkulu. Kulesi simo, isisebenzi selebhu sinquma amaseli nge-DNA ehlukaniswe futhi engahlanjululwanga.

Ukulungiselela ukuhlaziywa kwesidoda kuhilela ukugwema ubulili okungenani izinsuku ezingu-3-5 ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, odokotela nabo banxusa ukuba bangabonakali emzimbeni kumazinga aphezulu okushisa, njll. kusukela ekuvakasheni i-sauna, ukugeza. Uma umuntu ethatha noma yimiphi imithi yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ezihambisanayo, kuyadingeka nakanjani ukutshela udokotela obeka isifundo.

Ukucacisa ukuhlaziywa okunjalo kwesidoda akulona nzima, kodwa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ochwepheshe. Into ewukuthi ukuhlolwa komphumela kufanele kwenziwe ngokucabangela isimo jikelele sohlelo lokuzala owesilisa.

Kuze kube manje, kunezikhungo eziningi zezokwelapha nezakhi zofuzo ezenza lolu hlobo locwaningo. Ngakho-ke, lapho ochwepheshe bephendula umbuzo wokuthi ungaphila isidoda sokuhlaziywa, odokotela banikeza lo muntu izinketho eziningi. Emadolobheni amakhulu kanye nezikhungo zesifunda, njengombuso, kunezikhungo eziningana zezempilo ezihilelekile ekwenzeni ucwaningo lwe-ejaculate ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-DNA.